Redirect 302 redirect from GET @entry_comment_create (a08b9b)

GET https://kbin.spritesserver.nl/m/lemmyshitpost@lemmy.world/t/19020/Medicine-has-really-changed

Response
200 OK
IP
216.73.216.201
Profiled on
Token
58ec5c

Security

Token

There is no security token.

Firewall

main Name
Security enabled
Stateless

Configuration

Key Value
provider security.user.provider.concrete.app_user_provider
context main
entry_point App\Security\KbinAuthenticator
user_checker App\Security\UserChecker
access_denied_handler (none)
access_denied_url (none)
authenticators 
[
  "two_factor"
  "remember_me"
  "App\Security\KbinAuthenticator"
  "App\Security\FacebookAuthenticator"
  "App\Security\GoogleAuthenticator"
  "App\Security\GithubAuthenticator"
  "App\Security\KeycloakAuthenticator"
]

Listeners

Listener Duration Response 
Symfony\Component\Security\Http\Firewall\ChannelListener {#723
  -map: Symfony\Component\Security\Http\AccessMap {#722 …}
  -logger: Monolog\Logger {#783 …}
  -httpPort: 80
  -httpsPort: 443
}
 0.00 ms (none) 
Symfony\Component\Security\Http\Firewall\ContextListener {#706
  -tokenStorage: Symfony\Component\Security\Core\Authentication\Token\Storage\TokenStorage {#1017 …}
  -sessionKey: "_security_main"
  -logger: Monolog\Logger {#783 …}
  -userProviders: Symfony\Component\DependencyInjection\Argument\RewindableGenerator {#705 …}
  -dispatcher: Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\Debug\TraceableEventDispatcher {#747 …}
  -registered: false
  -trustResolver: Scheb\TwoFactorBundle\Security\Authentication\AuthenticationTrustResolver {#780 …}
  -sessionTrackerEnabler: Symfony\Component\Security\Core\Authentication\Token\Storage\UsageTrackingTokenStorage::enableUsageTracking(): void {#703 …}
}
 2.26 ms (none) 
Symfony\Component\Security\Http\Firewall\AuthenticatorManagerListener {#584
  -authenticatorManager: Symfony\Component\Security\Http\Authentication\AuthenticatorManager {#595 …}
}
 0.00 ms (none) 
Scheb\TwoFactorBundle\Security\Http\Firewall\TwoFactorAccessListener {#582
  -twoFactorFirewallConfig: Scheb\TwoFactorBundle\Security\TwoFactor\TwoFactorFirewallConfig {#842 …}
  -tokenStorage: Symfony\Component\Security\Core\Authentication\Token\Storage\UsageTrackingTokenStorage {#1018 …}
  -twoFactorAccessDecider: Scheb\TwoFactorBundle\Security\Authorization\TwoFactorAccessDecider {#581 …}
}
 0.05 ms (none) 
Symfony\Component\Security\Http\Firewall\AccessListener {#579
  -tokenStorage: Symfony\Component\Security\Core\Authentication\Token\Storage\UsageTrackingTokenStorage {#1018 …}
  -accessDecisionManager: Symfony\Component\Security\Core\Authorization\TraceableAccessDecisionManager {#937 …}
  -map: Symfony\Component\Security\Http\AccessMap {#722 …}
}
 0.00 ms (none) 
Symfony\Component\Security\Http\Firewall\LogoutListener {#786
  -tokenStorage: Symfony\Component\Security\Core\Authentication\Token\Storage\UsageTrackingTokenStorage {#1018 …}
  -options: [
    "csrf_parameter" => "_csrf_token"
    "csrf_token_id" => "logout"
    "logout_path" => "app_logout"
  ]
  -httpUtils: Symfony\Component\Security\Http\HttpUtils {#841 …}
  -csrfTokenManager: Symfony\Component\Security\Csrf\CsrfTokenManager {#1015 …}
  -eventDispatcher: Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\Debug\TraceableEventDispatcher {#747 …}
}
 0.00 ms (none)

Authenticators

No authenticators have been recorded. Check previous profiles on your authentication endpoint.

Access Decision

affirmative Strategy
# Voter class
1 
"Symfony\Component\Security\Core\Authorization\Voter\AuthenticatedVoter"
2 
"Scheb\TwoFactorBundle\Security\Authorization\Voter\TwoFactorInProgressVoter"
3 
"Symfony\Component\Security\Core\Authorization\Voter\RoleHierarchyVoter"
4 
"Symfony\Component\Security\Core\Authorization\Voter\ExpressionVoter"
5 
"App\Security\Voter\EntryCommentVoter"
6 
"App\Security\Voter\EntryVoter"
7 
"App\Security\Voter\MagazineVoter"
8 
"App\Security\Voter\MessageThreadVoter"
9 
"App\Security\Voter\MessageVoter"
10 
"App\Security\Voter\NotificationVoter"
11 
"App\Security\Voter\OAuth2UserConsentVoter"
12 
"App\Security\Voter\PostCommentVoter"
13 
"App\Security\Voter\PostVoter"
14 
"App\Security\Voter\UserVoter"

Access decision log

# Result Attributes Object
1 DENIED ROLE_USER 
null
 
"Scheb\TwoFactorBundle\Security\Authorization\Voter\TwoFactorInProgressVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"Symfony\Component\Security\Core\Authorization\Voter\RoleHierarchyVoter"
 ACCESS DENIED 
"App\Security\Voter\EntryCommentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\EntryVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MagazineVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MessageThreadVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MessageVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\NotificationVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\OAuth2UserConsentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\PostCommentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\PostVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\UserVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN
Show voter details
2 DENIED moderate 
App\Entity\Entry {#2412
  +user: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\User {#1978 …}
  +magazine: App\Entity\Magazine {#264
    +icon: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Image {#245 …}
    +name: "lemmyshitpost@lemmy.world"
    +title: "lemmyshitpost"
    +description: """
      Welcome to Lemmy Shitpost. Here you can shitpost to your hearts content.\n
      \n
      Anything and everything goes. Memes, Jokes, Vents and Banter. Though we still have to comply with lemmy.world instance rules. So behave!\n
      \n
      ---\n
      \n
      **Rules:**\n
      ==========\n
      \n
      1. Be Respectful___ Refrain from using harmful language pertaining to a protected characteristic: e.g. race, gender, sexuality, disability or religion. Refrain from being argumentative when responding or commenting to posts/replies. Personal attacks are not welcome here. …\n
      \n
      ---\n
      \n
      2. No Illegal Content___ Content that violates the law. Any post/comment found to be in breach of common law will be removed and given to the authorities if required. That means: -No promoting violence/threats against any individuals -No CSA content or Revenge Porn -No sharing private/personal information (Doxxing) …\n
      \n
      ---\n
      \n
      3. No Spam___ Posting the same post, no matter the intent is against the rules. -If you have posted content, please refrain from re-posting said content within this community. -Do not spam posts with intent to harass, annoy, bully, advertise, scam or harm this community. -No posting Scams/Advertisements/Phishing Links/IP Grabbers -No Bots, Bots will be banned from the community. …\n
      \n
      ---\n
      \n
      4. No Porn/ExplicitContent ___ -Do not post explicit content. Lemmy.World is not the instance for NSFW content. -Do not post Gore or Shock Content. …\n
      \n
      ---\n
      \n
      5. No Enciting Harassment,Brigading, Doxxing or Witch Hunts ___ -Do not Brigade other Communities -No calls to action against other communities/users within Lemmy or outside of Lemmy. -No Witch Hunts against users/communities. -No content that harasses members within or outside of the community. …\n
      \n
      ---\n
      \n
      6. NSFW should be behind NSFW tags.___ -Content that is NSFW should be behind NSFW tags. -Content that might be distressing should be kept behind NSFW tags.\n
      \n
      …\n
      \n
      If you see content that is a breach of the rules, please flag and report the comment and a moderator will take action where they can.\n
      \n
      ---\n
      \n
      **Also check out:**\n
      \n
      **Partnered Communities:**\n
      \n
      1.[Memes](/c/memes@lemmy.world)\n
      \n
      2.[Lemmy Review](/c/lemmyreview@lemmy.world)\n
      \n
      3.[Mildly Infuriating](/c/mildlyinfuriating@lemmy.world)\n
      \n
      4.[Lemmy Be Wholesome](/c/lemmybewholesome@lemmy.world)\n
      \n
      5.[No Stupid Questions](/c/nostupidquestions@lemmy.world)\n
      \n
      6.[You Should Know](/c/youshouldknow@lemmy.world)\n
      \n
      7.[Comedy Heaven](/c/comedyheaven@lemmy.world)\n
      \n
      8.[Credible Defense](/c/credibledefense@sh.itjust.works)\n
      \n
      9.[Ten Forward](/c/tenforward@lemmy.world)\n
      \n
      10.[LinuxMemes](/c/linuxmemes@lemmy.world) (Linux themed memes)\n
      \n
      ---\n
      \n
      Reach out to\n
      \n
      *All communities included on the sidebar are to be made in compliance with the instance rules.* [Striker](https://lemmy.world/u/STRIKINGdebate2)
      """
    +rules: null
    +subscriptionsCount: 1
    +entryCount: 2449
    +entryCommentCount: 36496
    +postCount: 2
    +postCommentCount: 9
    +isAdult: false
    +customCss: null
    +lastActive: DateTime @1729582894 {#274
      date: 2024-10-22 09:41:34.0 +02:00
    }
    +markedForDeletionAt: null
    +tags: null
    +moderators: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#236 …}
    +ownershipRequests: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#232 …}
    +moderatorRequests: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#221 …}
    +entries: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#179 …}
    +posts: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#137 …}
    +subscriptions: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#199 …}
    +bans: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#116 …}
    +reports: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#102 …}
    +badges: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#80 …}
    +logs: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#70 …}
    +awards: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1360 …}
    +categories: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1792 …}
    -id: 102
    +apId: "lemmyshitpost@lemmy.world"
    +apProfileId: "https://lemmy.world/c/lemmyshitpost"
    +apPublicUrl: "https://lemmy.world/c/lemmyshitpost"
    +apFollowersUrl: "https://lemmy.world/c/lemmyshitpost/followers"
    +apInboxUrl: "https://lemmy.world/inbox"
    +apDomain: "lemmy.world"
    +apPreferredUsername: "lemmyshitpost"
    +apDiscoverable: true
    +apManuallyApprovesFollowers: null
    +privateKey: null
    +publicKey: null
    +apFetchedAt: DateTime @1729583684 {#268
      date: 2024-10-22 09:54:44.0 +02:00
    }
    +apDeletedAt: null
    +apTimeoutAt: null
    +visibility: "visible             "
    +createdAt: DateTimeImmutable @1700687993 {#270
      date: 2023-11-22 22:19:53.0 +01:00
    }
  }
  +image: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Image {#1970 …}
  +domain: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Domain {#1915 …}
  +slug: "Medicine-has-really-changed"
  +title: "Medicine has really changed"
  +url: "https://startrek.website/pictrs/image/d0ecac9b-1bc1-4e3d-bb9d-27cb29431661.jpeg"
  +body: null
  +type: "image"
  +lang: "en"
  +isOc: false
  +hasEmbed: true
  +commentCount: 10
  +favouriteCount: 401
  +score: 0
  +isAdult: false
  +sticky: false
  +lastActive: DateTime @1701617518 {#2418
    date: 2023-12-03 16:31:58.0 +01:00
  }
  +ip: null
  +adaAmount: 0
  +tags: null
  +mentions: null
  +comments: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1884 …}
  +votes: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1961 …}
  +reports: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1959 …}
  +favourites: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1399 …}
  +notifications: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2440 …}
  +badges: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2436 …}
  +children: []
  -id: 19020
  -titleTs: "'chang':4 'medicin':1 'realli':3"
  -bodyTs: null
  +cross: false
  +upVotes: 0
  +downVotes: 0
  +ranking: 1701524287
  +visibility: "visible             "
  +apId: "https://startrek.website/post/4255967"
  +editedAt: null
  +createdAt: DateTimeImmutable @1701437887 {#1858
    date: 2023-12-01 14:38:07.0 +01:00
  }
}
 
"Scheb\TwoFactorBundle\Security\Authorization\Voter\TwoFactorInProgressVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\EntryCommentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\EntryVoter"
 ACCESS DENIED 
"App\Security\Voter\MagazineVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MessageThreadVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MessageVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\NotificationVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\OAuth2UserConsentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\PostCommentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\PostVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\UserVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN
Show voter details
3 DENIED edit 
App\Entity\Entry {#2412
  +user: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\User {#1978 …}
  +magazine: App\Entity\Magazine {#264
    +icon: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Image {#245 …}
    +name: "lemmyshitpost@lemmy.world"
    +title: "lemmyshitpost"
    +description: """
      Welcome to Lemmy Shitpost. Here you can shitpost to your hearts content.\n
      \n
      Anything and everything goes. Memes, Jokes, Vents and Banter. Though we still have to comply with lemmy.world instance rules. So behave!\n
      \n
      ---\n
      \n
      **Rules:**\n
      ==========\n
      \n
      1. Be Respectful___ Refrain from using harmful language pertaining to a protected characteristic: e.g. race, gender, sexuality, disability or religion. Refrain from being argumentative when responding or commenting to posts/replies. Personal attacks are not welcome here. …\n
      \n
      ---\n
      \n
      2. No Illegal Content___ Content that violates the law. Any post/comment found to be in breach of common law will be removed and given to the authorities if required. That means: -No promoting violence/threats against any individuals -No CSA content or Revenge Porn -No sharing private/personal information (Doxxing) …\n
      \n
      ---\n
      \n
      3. No Spam___ Posting the same post, no matter the intent is against the rules. -If you have posted content, please refrain from re-posting said content within this community. -Do not spam posts with intent to harass, annoy, bully, advertise, scam or harm this community. -No posting Scams/Advertisements/Phishing Links/IP Grabbers -No Bots, Bots will be banned from the community. …\n
      \n
      ---\n
      \n
      4. No Porn/ExplicitContent ___ -Do not post explicit content. Lemmy.World is not the instance for NSFW content. -Do not post Gore or Shock Content. …\n
      \n
      ---\n
      \n
      5. No Enciting Harassment,Brigading, Doxxing or Witch Hunts ___ -Do not Brigade other Communities -No calls to action against other communities/users within Lemmy or outside of Lemmy. -No Witch Hunts against users/communities. -No content that harasses members within or outside of the community. …\n
      \n
      ---\n
      \n
      6. NSFW should be behind NSFW tags.___ -Content that is NSFW should be behind NSFW tags. -Content that might be distressing should be kept behind NSFW tags.\n
      \n
      …\n
      \n
      If you see content that is a breach of the rules, please flag and report the comment and a moderator will take action where they can.\n
      \n
      ---\n
      \n
      **Also check out:**\n
      \n
      **Partnered Communities:**\n
      \n
      1.[Memes](/c/memes@lemmy.world)\n
      \n
      2.[Lemmy Review](/c/lemmyreview@lemmy.world)\n
      \n
      3.[Mildly Infuriating](/c/mildlyinfuriating@lemmy.world)\n
      \n
      4.[Lemmy Be Wholesome](/c/lemmybewholesome@lemmy.world)\n
      \n
      5.[No Stupid Questions](/c/nostupidquestions@lemmy.world)\n
      \n
      6.[You Should Know](/c/youshouldknow@lemmy.world)\n
      \n
      7.[Comedy Heaven](/c/comedyheaven@lemmy.world)\n
      \n
      8.[Credible Defense](/c/credibledefense@sh.itjust.works)\n
      \n
      9.[Ten Forward](/c/tenforward@lemmy.world)\n
      \n
      10.[LinuxMemes](/c/linuxmemes@lemmy.world) (Linux themed memes)\n
      \n
      ---\n
      \n
      Reach out to\n
      \n
      *All communities included on the sidebar are to be made in compliance with the instance rules.* [Striker](https://lemmy.world/u/STRIKINGdebate2)
      """
    +rules: null
    +subscriptionsCount: 1
    +entryCount: 2449
    +entryCommentCount: 36496
    +postCount: 2
    +postCommentCount: 9
    +isAdult: false
    +customCss: null
    +lastActive: DateTime @1729582894 {#274
      date: 2024-10-22 09:41:34.0 +02:00
    }
    +markedForDeletionAt: null
    +tags: null
    +moderators: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#236 …}
    +ownershipRequests: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#232 …}
    +moderatorRequests: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#221 …}
    +entries: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#179 …}
    +posts: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#137 …}
    +subscriptions: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#199 …}
    +bans: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#116 …}
    +reports: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#102 …}
    +badges: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#80 …}
    +logs: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#70 …}
    +awards: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1360 …}
    +categories: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1792 …}
    -id: 102
    +apId: "lemmyshitpost@lemmy.world"
    +apProfileId: "https://lemmy.world/c/lemmyshitpost"
    +apPublicUrl: "https://lemmy.world/c/lemmyshitpost"
    +apFollowersUrl: "https://lemmy.world/c/lemmyshitpost/followers"
    +apInboxUrl: "https://lemmy.world/inbox"
    +apDomain: "lemmy.world"
    +apPreferredUsername: "lemmyshitpost"
    +apDiscoverable: true
    +apManuallyApprovesFollowers: null
    +privateKey: null
    +publicKey: null
    +apFetchedAt: DateTime @1729583684 {#268
      date: 2024-10-22 09:54:44.0 +02:00
    }
    +apDeletedAt: null
    +apTimeoutAt: null
    +visibility: "visible             "
    +createdAt: DateTimeImmutable @1700687993 {#270
      date: 2023-11-22 22:19:53.0 +01:00
    }
  }
  +image: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Image {#1970 …}
  +domain: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Domain {#1915 …}
  +slug: "Medicine-has-really-changed"
  +title: "Medicine has really changed"
  +url: "https://startrek.website/pictrs/image/d0ecac9b-1bc1-4e3d-bb9d-27cb29431661.jpeg"
  +body: null
  +type: "image"
  +lang: "en"
  +isOc: false
  +hasEmbed: true
  +commentCount: 10
  +favouriteCount: 401
  +score: 0
  +isAdult: false
  +sticky: false
  +lastActive: DateTime @1701617518 {#2418
    date: 2023-12-03 16:31:58.0 +01:00
  }
  +ip: null
  +adaAmount: 0
  +tags: null
  +mentions: null
  +comments: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1884 …}
  +votes: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1961 …}
  +reports: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1959 …}
  +favourites: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1399 …}
  +notifications: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2440 …}
  +badges: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2436 …}
  +children: []
  -id: 19020
  -titleTs: "'chang':4 'medicin':1 'realli':3"
  -bodyTs: null
  +cross: false
  +upVotes: 0
  +downVotes: 0
  +ranking: 1701524287
  +visibility: "visible             "
  +apId: "https://startrek.website/post/4255967"
  +editedAt: null
  +createdAt: DateTimeImmutable @1701437887 {#1858
    date: 2023-12-01 14:38:07.0 +01:00
  }
}
 
"Scheb\TwoFactorBundle\Security\Authorization\Voter\TwoFactorInProgressVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\EntryCommentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\EntryVoter"
 ACCESS DENIED 
"App\Security\Voter\MagazineVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MessageThreadVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MessageVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\NotificationVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\OAuth2UserConsentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\PostCommentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\PostVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\UserVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN
Show voter details
4 DENIED moderate 
App\Entity\Entry {#2412
  +user: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\User {#1978 …}
  +magazine: App\Entity\Magazine {#264
    +icon: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Image {#245 …}
    +name: "lemmyshitpost@lemmy.world"
    +title: "lemmyshitpost"
    +description: """
      Welcome to Lemmy Shitpost. Here you can shitpost to your hearts content.\n
      \n
      Anything and everything goes. Memes, Jokes, Vents and Banter. Though we still have to comply with lemmy.world instance rules. So behave!\n
      \n
      ---\n
      \n
      **Rules:**\n
      ==========\n
      \n
      1. Be Respectful___ Refrain from using harmful language pertaining to a protected characteristic: e.g. race, gender, sexuality, disability or religion. Refrain from being argumentative when responding or commenting to posts/replies. Personal attacks are not welcome here. …\n
      \n
      ---\n
      \n
      2. No Illegal Content___ Content that violates the law. Any post/comment found to be in breach of common law will be removed and given to the authorities if required. That means: -No promoting violence/threats against any individuals -No CSA content or Revenge Porn -No sharing private/personal information (Doxxing) …\n
      \n
      ---\n
      \n
      3. No Spam___ Posting the same post, no matter the intent is against the rules. -If you have posted content, please refrain from re-posting said content within this community. -Do not spam posts with intent to harass, annoy, bully, advertise, scam or harm this community. -No posting Scams/Advertisements/Phishing Links/IP Grabbers -No Bots, Bots will be banned from the community. …\n
      \n
      ---\n
      \n
      4. No Porn/ExplicitContent ___ -Do not post explicit content. Lemmy.World is not the instance for NSFW content. -Do not post Gore or Shock Content. …\n
      \n
      ---\n
      \n
      5. No Enciting Harassment,Brigading, Doxxing or Witch Hunts ___ -Do not Brigade other Communities -No calls to action against other communities/users within Lemmy or outside of Lemmy. -No Witch Hunts against users/communities. -No content that harasses members within or outside of the community. …\n
      \n
      ---\n
      \n
      6. NSFW should be behind NSFW tags.___ -Content that is NSFW should be behind NSFW tags. -Content that might be distressing should be kept behind NSFW tags.\n
      \n
      …\n
      \n
      If you see content that is a breach of the rules, please flag and report the comment and a moderator will take action where they can.\n
      \n
      ---\n
      \n
      **Also check out:**\n
      \n
      **Partnered Communities:**\n
      \n
      1.[Memes](/c/memes@lemmy.world)\n
      \n
      2.[Lemmy Review](/c/lemmyreview@lemmy.world)\n
      \n
      3.[Mildly Infuriating](/c/mildlyinfuriating@lemmy.world)\n
      \n
      4.[Lemmy Be Wholesome](/c/lemmybewholesome@lemmy.world)\n
      \n
      5.[No Stupid Questions](/c/nostupidquestions@lemmy.world)\n
      \n
      6.[You Should Know](/c/youshouldknow@lemmy.world)\n
      \n
      7.[Comedy Heaven](/c/comedyheaven@lemmy.world)\n
      \n
      8.[Credible Defense](/c/credibledefense@sh.itjust.works)\n
      \n
      9.[Ten Forward](/c/tenforward@lemmy.world)\n
      \n
      10.[LinuxMemes](/c/linuxmemes@lemmy.world) (Linux themed memes)\n
      \n
      ---\n
      \n
      Reach out to\n
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      *All communities included on the sidebar are to be made in compliance with the instance rules.* [Striker](https://lemmy.world/u/STRIKINGdebate2)
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        \n
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        1.[Memes](/c/memes@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        2.[Lemmy Review](/c/lemmyreview@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        3.[Mildly Infuriating](/c/mildlyinfuriating@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        4.[Lemmy Be Wholesome](/c/lemmybewholesome@lemmy.world)\n
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        5.[No Stupid Questions](/c/nostupidquestions@lemmy.world)\n
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        6.[You Should Know](/c/youshouldknow@lemmy.world)\n
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        7.[Comedy Heaven](/c/comedyheaven@lemmy.world)\n
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        8.[Credible Defense](/c/credibledefense@sh.itjust.works)\n
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        9.[Ten Forward](/c/tenforward@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        10.[LinuxMemes](/c/linuxmemes@lemmy.world) (Linux themed memes)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        Reach out to\n
        \n
        *All communities included on the sidebar are to be made in compliance with the instance rules.* [Striker](https://lemmy.world/u/STRIKINGdebate2)
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 ACCESS DENIED 
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 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
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 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
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 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
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 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
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 ACCESS ABSTAIN
Show voter details
7 DENIED edit 
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        \n
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        1.[Memes](/c/memes@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        2.[Lemmy Review](/c/lemmyreview@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        3.[Mildly Infuriating](/c/mildlyinfuriating@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        4.[Lemmy Be Wholesome](/c/lemmybewholesome@lemmy.world)\n
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        5.[No Stupid Questions](/c/nostupidquestions@lemmy.world)\n
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        8.[Credible Defense](/c/credibledefense@sh.itjust.works)\n
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        10.[LinuxMemes](/c/linuxmemes@lemmy.world) (Linux themed memes)\n
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        ---\n
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        Reach out to\n
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        *All communities included on the sidebar are to be made in compliance with the instance rules.* [Striker](https://lemmy.world/u/STRIKINGdebate2)
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    date: 2023-12-14 02:11:52.0 +01:00
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    date: 2023-12-01 15:40:13.0 +01:00
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}
 
"Scheb\TwoFactorBundle\Security\Authorization\Voter\TwoFactorInProgressVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\EntryCommentVoter"
 ACCESS DENIED 
"App\Security\Voter\EntryVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MagazineVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MessageThreadVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MessageVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\NotificationVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\OAuth2UserConsentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\PostCommentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\PostVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\UserVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN
Show voter details
8 DENIED moderate 
App\Entity\EntryComment {#4001
  +user: App\Entity\User {#3949 …}
  +entry: App\Entity\Entry {#2412
    +user: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\User {#1978 …}
    +magazine: App\Entity\Magazine {#264
      +icon: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Image {#245 …}
      +name: "lemmyshitpost@lemmy.world"
      +title: "lemmyshitpost"
      +description: """
        Welcome to Lemmy Shitpost. Here you can shitpost to your hearts content.\n
        \n
        Anything and everything goes. Memes, Jokes, Vents and Banter. Though we still have to comply with lemmy.world instance rules. So behave!\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Rules:**\n
        ==========\n
        \n
        1. Be Respectful___ Refrain from using harmful language pertaining to a protected characteristic: e.g. race, gender, sexuality, disability or religion. Refrain from being argumentative when responding or commenting to posts/replies. Personal attacks are not welcome here. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        2. No Illegal Content___ Content that violates the law. Any post/comment found to be in breach of common law will be removed and given to the authorities if required. That means: -No promoting violence/threats against any individuals -No CSA content or Revenge Porn -No sharing private/personal information (Doxxing) …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        3. No Spam___ Posting the same post, no matter the intent is against the rules. -If you have posted content, please refrain from re-posting said content within this community. -Do not spam posts with intent to harass, annoy, bully, advertise, scam or harm this community. -No posting Scams/Advertisements/Phishing Links/IP Grabbers -No Bots, Bots will be banned from the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        4. No Porn/ExplicitContent ___ -Do not post explicit content. Lemmy.World is not the instance for NSFW content. -Do not post Gore or Shock Content. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        5. No Enciting Harassment,Brigading, Doxxing or Witch Hunts ___ -Do not Brigade other Communities -No calls to action against other communities/users within Lemmy or outside of Lemmy. -No Witch Hunts against users/communities. -No content that harasses members within or outside of the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        6. NSFW should be behind NSFW tags.___ -Content that is NSFW should be behind NSFW tags. -Content that might be distressing should be kept behind NSFW tags.\n
        \n
        …\n
        \n
        If you see content that is a breach of the rules, please flag and report the comment and a moderator will take action where they can.\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Also check out:**\n
        \n
        **Partnered Communities:**\n
        \n
        1.[Memes](/c/memes@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        2.[Lemmy Review](/c/lemmyreview@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        3.[Mildly Infuriating](/c/mildlyinfuriating@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        4.[Lemmy Be Wholesome](/c/lemmybewholesome@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        5.[No Stupid Questions](/c/nostupidquestions@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        6.[You Should Know](/c/youshouldknow@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        7.[Comedy Heaven](/c/comedyheaven@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        8.[Credible Defense](/c/credibledefense@sh.itjust.works)\n
        \n
        9.[Ten Forward](/c/tenforward@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        10.[LinuxMemes](/c/linuxmemes@lemmy.world) (Linux themed memes)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        Reach out to\n
        \n
        *All communities included on the sidebar are to be made in compliance with the instance rules.* [Striker](https://lemmy.world/u/STRIKINGdebate2)
        """
      +rules: null
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      +entryCommentCount: 36496
      +postCount: 2
      +postCommentCount: 9
      +isAdult: false
      +customCss: null
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        date: 2024-10-22 09:41:34.0 +02:00
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        date: 2024-10-22 09:54:44.0 +02:00
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        date: 2023-11-22 22:19:53.0 +01:00
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    +domain: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Domain {#1915 …}
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  +children: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#3999 …}
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    date: 2023-12-14 02:11:52.0 +01:00
  }
  +createdAt: DateTimeImmutable @1701441613 {#4010
    date: 2023-12-01 15:40:13.0 +01:00
  }
}
 
"Scheb\TwoFactorBundle\Security\Authorization\Voter\TwoFactorInProgressVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\EntryCommentVoter"
 ACCESS DENIED 
"App\Security\Voter\EntryVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MagazineVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MessageThreadVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MessageVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\NotificationVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\OAuth2UserConsentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\PostCommentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\PostVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\UserVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN
Show voter details
9 DENIED ROLE_USER 
null
 
"Scheb\TwoFactorBundle\Security\Authorization\Voter\TwoFactorInProgressVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"Symfony\Component\Security\Core\Authorization\Voter\RoleHierarchyVoter"
 ACCESS DENIED 
"App\Security\Voter\EntryCommentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\EntryVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MagazineVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MessageThreadVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MessageVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\NotificationVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\OAuth2UserConsentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\PostCommentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\PostVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\UserVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN
Show voter details
10 DENIED moderate 
App\Entity\EntryComment {#4195
  +user: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\User {#1978 …}
  +entry: App\Entity\Entry {#2412
    +user: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\User {#1978 …}
    +magazine: App\Entity\Magazine {#264
      +icon: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Image {#245 …}
      +name: "lemmyshitpost@lemmy.world"
      +title: "lemmyshitpost"
      +description: """
        Welcome to Lemmy Shitpost. Here you can shitpost to your hearts content.\n
        \n
        Anything and everything goes. Memes, Jokes, Vents and Banter. Though we still have to comply with lemmy.world instance rules. So behave!\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Rules:**\n
        ==========\n
        \n
        1. Be Respectful___ Refrain from using harmful language pertaining to a protected characteristic: e.g. race, gender, sexuality, disability or religion. Refrain from being argumentative when responding or commenting to posts/replies. Personal attacks are not welcome here. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        2. No Illegal Content___ Content that violates the law. Any post/comment found to be in breach of common law will be removed and given to the authorities if required. That means: -No promoting violence/threats against any individuals -No CSA content or Revenge Porn -No sharing private/personal information (Doxxing) …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        3. No Spam___ Posting the same post, no matter the intent is against the rules. -If you have posted content, please refrain from re-posting said content within this community. -Do not spam posts with intent to harass, annoy, bully, advertise, scam or harm this community. -No posting Scams/Advertisements/Phishing Links/IP Grabbers -No Bots, Bots will be banned from the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        4. No Porn/ExplicitContent ___ -Do not post explicit content. Lemmy.World is not the instance for NSFW content. -Do not post Gore or Shock Content. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        5. No Enciting Harassment,Brigading, Doxxing or Witch Hunts ___ -Do not Brigade other Communities -No calls to action against other communities/users within Lemmy or outside of Lemmy. -No Witch Hunts against users/communities. -No content that harasses members within or outside of the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        6. NSFW should be behind NSFW tags.___ -Content that is NSFW should be behind NSFW tags. -Content that might be distressing should be kept behind NSFW tags.\n
        \n
        …\n
        \n
        If you see content that is a breach of the rules, please flag and report the comment and a moderator will take action where they can.\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Also check out:**\n
        \n
        **Partnered Communities:**\n
        \n
        1.[Memes](/c/memes@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        2.[Lemmy Review](/c/lemmyreview@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        3.[Mildly Infuriating](/c/mildlyinfuriating@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        4.[Lemmy Be Wholesome](/c/lemmybewholesome@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        5.[No Stupid Questions](/c/nostupidquestions@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        6.[You Should Know](/c/youshouldknow@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        7.[Comedy Heaven](/c/comedyheaven@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        8.[Credible Defense](/c/credibledefense@sh.itjust.works)\n
        \n
        9.[Ten Forward](/c/tenforward@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        10.[LinuxMemes](/c/linuxmemes@lemmy.world) (Linux themed memes)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        Reach out to\n
        \n
        *All communities included on the sidebar are to be made in compliance with the instance rules.* [Striker](https://lemmy.world/u/STRIKINGdebate2)
        """
      +rules: null
      +subscriptionsCount: 1
      +entryCount: 2449
      +entryCommentCount: 36496
      +postCount: 2
      +postCommentCount: 9
      +isAdult: false
      +customCss: null
      +lastActive: DateTime @1729582894 {#274
        date: 2024-10-22 09:41:34.0 +02:00
      }
      +markedForDeletionAt: null
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      +moderators: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#236 …}
      +ownershipRequests: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#232 …}
      +moderatorRequests: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#221 …}
      +entries: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#179 …}
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      +subscriptions: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#199 …}
      +bans: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#116 …}
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      +awards: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1360 …}
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      -id: 102
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      +apFollowersUrl: "https://lemmy.world/c/lemmyshitpost/followers"
      +apInboxUrl: "https://lemmy.world/inbox"
      +apDomain: "lemmy.world"
      +apPreferredUsername: "lemmyshitpost"
      +apDiscoverable: true
      +apManuallyApprovesFollowers: null
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      +publicKey: null
      +apFetchedAt: DateTime @1729583684 {#268
        date: 2024-10-22 09:54:44.0 +02:00
      }
      +apDeletedAt: null
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        date: 2023-11-22 22:19:53.0 +01:00
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    +image: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Image {#1970 …}
    +domain: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Domain {#1915 …}
    +slug: "Medicine-has-really-changed"
    +title: "Medicine has really changed"
    +url: "https://startrek.website/pictrs/image/d0ecac9b-1bc1-4e3d-bb9d-27cb29431661.jpeg"
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    +hasEmbed: true
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    +ip: null
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    +comments: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1884 …}
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    +badges: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2436 …}
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    +createdAt: DateTimeImmutable @1701437887 {#1858
      date: 2023-12-01 14:38:07.0 +01:00
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  }
  +magazine: App\Entity\Magazine {#264}
  +image: null
  +parent: App\Entity\EntryComment {#4001
    +user: App\Entity\User {#3949 …}
    +entry: App\Entity\Entry {#2412}
    +magazine: App\Entity\Magazine {#264}
    +image: null
    +parent: null
    +root: null
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      date: 2023-12-01 15:40:13.0 +01:00
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  }
  +root: App\Entity\EntryComment {#4001}
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    date: 2023-12-01 16:03:08.0 +01:00
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}
 
"Scheb\TwoFactorBundle\Security\Authorization\Voter\TwoFactorInProgressVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\EntryCommentVoter"
 ACCESS DENIED 
"App\Security\Voter\EntryVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MagazineVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MessageThreadVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MessageVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\NotificationVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\OAuth2UserConsentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\PostCommentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\PostVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\UserVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN
Show voter details
11 DENIED edit 
App\Entity\EntryComment {#4195
  +user: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\User {#1978 …}
  +entry: App\Entity\Entry {#2412
    +user: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\User {#1978 …}
    +magazine: App\Entity\Magazine {#264
      +icon: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Image {#245 …}
      +name: "lemmyshitpost@lemmy.world"
      +title: "lemmyshitpost"
      +description: """
        Welcome to Lemmy Shitpost. Here you can shitpost to your hearts content.\n
        \n
        Anything and everything goes. Memes, Jokes, Vents and Banter. Though we still have to comply with lemmy.world instance rules. So behave!\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Rules:**\n
        ==========\n
        \n
        1. Be Respectful___ Refrain from using harmful language pertaining to a protected characteristic: e.g. race, gender, sexuality, disability or religion. Refrain from being argumentative when responding or commenting to posts/replies. Personal attacks are not welcome here. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        2. No Illegal Content___ Content that violates the law. Any post/comment found to be in breach of common law will be removed and given to the authorities if required. That means: -No promoting violence/threats against any individuals -No CSA content or Revenge Porn -No sharing private/personal information (Doxxing) …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        3. No Spam___ Posting the same post, no matter the intent is against the rules. -If you have posted content, please refrain from re-posting said content within this community. -Do not spam posts with intent to harass, annoy, bully, advertise, scam or harm this community. -No posting Scams/Advertisements/Phishing Links/IP Grabbers -No Bots, Bots will be banned from the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        4. No Porn/ExplicitContent ___ -Do not post explicit content. Lemmy.World is not the instance for NSFW content. -Do not post Gore or Shock Content. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        5. No Enciting Harassment,Brigading, Doxxing or Witch Hunts ___ -Do not Brigade other Communities -No calls to action against other communities/users within Lemmy or outside of Lemmy. -No Witch Hunts against users/communities. -No content that harasses members within or outside of the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        6. NSFW should be behind NSFW tags.___ -Content that is NSFW should be behind NSFW tags. -Content that might be distressing should be kept behind NSFW tags.\n
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        …\n
        \n
        If you see content that is a breach of the rules, please flag and report the comment and a moderator will take action where they can.\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Also check out:**\n
        \n
        **Partnered Communities:**\n
        \n
        1.[Memes](/c/memes@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        2.[Lemmy Review](/c/lemmyreview@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        3.[Mildly Infuriating](/c/mildlyinfuriating@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        4.[Lemmy Be Wholesome](/c/lemmybewholesome@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        5.[No Stupid Questions](/c/nostupidquestions@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        6.[You Should Know](/c/youshouldknow@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        7.[Comedy Heaven](/c/comedyheaven@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        8.[Credible Defense](/c/credibledefense@sh.itjust.works)\n
        \n
        9.[Ten Forward](/c/tenforward@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        10.[LinuxMemes](/c/linuxmemes@lemmy.world) (Linux themed memes)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        Reach out to\n
        \n
        *All communities included on the sidebar are to be made in compliance with the instance rules.* [Striker](https://lemmy.world/u/STRIKINGdebate2)
        """
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"Scheb\TwoFactorBundle\Security\Authorization\Voter\TwoFactorInProgressVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\EntryCommentVoter"
 ACCESS DENIED 
"App\Security\Voter\EntryVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MagazineVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MessageThreadVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MessageVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\NotificationVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\OAuth2UserConsentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\PostCommentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\PostVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\UserVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN
Show voter details
12 DENIED moderate 
App\Entity\EntryComment {#4195
  +user: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\User {#1978 …}
  +entry: App\Entity\Entry {#2412
    +user: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\User {#1978 …}
    +magazine: App\Entity\Magazine {#264
      +icon: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Image {#245 …}
      +name: "lemmyshitpost@lemmy.world"
      +title: "lemmyshitpost"
      +description: """
        Welcome to Lemmy Shitpost. Here you can shitpost to your hearts content.\n
        \n
        Anything and everything goes. Memes, Jokes, Vents and Banter. Though we still have to comply with lemmy.world instance rules. So behave!\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Rules:**\n
        ==========\n
        \n
        1. Be Respectful___ Refrain from using harmful language pertaining to a protected characteristic: e.g. race, gender, sexuality, disability or religion. Refrain from being argumentative when responding or commenting to posts/replies. Personal attacks are not welcome here. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        2. No Illegal Content___ Content that violates the law. Any post/comment found to be in breach of common law will be removed and given to the authorities if required. That means: -No promoting violence/threats against any individuals -No CSA content or Revenge Porn -No sharing private/personal information (Doxxing) …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        3. No Spam___ Posting the same post, no matter the intent is against the rules. -If you have posted content, please refrain from re-posting said content within this community. -Do not spam posts with intent to harass, annoy, bully, advertise, scam or harm this community. -No posting Scams/Advertisements/Phishing Links/IP Grabbers -No Bots, Bots will be banned from the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        4. No Porn/ExplicitContent ___ -Do not post explicit content. Lemmy.World is not the instance for NSFW content. -Do not post Gore or Shock Content. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        5. No Enciting Harassment,Brigading, Doxxing or Witch Hunts ___ -Do not Brigade other Communities -No calls to action against other communities/users within Lemmy or outside of Lemmy. -No Witch Hunts against users/communities. -No content that harasses members within or outside of the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        6. NSFW should be behind NSFW tags.___ -Content that is NSFW should be behind NSFW tags. -Content that might be distressing should be kept behind NSFW tags.\n
        \n
        …\n
        \n
        If you see content that is a breach of the rules, please flag and report the comment and a moderator will take action where they can.\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Also check out:**\n
        \n
        **Partnered Communities:**\n
        \n
        1.[Memes](/c/memes@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        2.[Lemmy Review](/c/lemmyreview@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        3.[Mildly Infuriating](/c/mildlyinfuriating@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        4.[Lemmy Be Wholesome](/c/lemmybewholesome@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        5.[No Stupid Questions](/c/nostupidquestions@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        6.[You Should Know](/c/youshouldknow@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        7.[Comedy Heaven](/c/comedyheaven@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        8.[Credible Defense](/c/credibledefense@sh.itjust.works)\n
        \n
        9.[Ten Forward](/c/tenforward@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        10.[LinuxMemes](/c/linuxmemes@lemmy.world) (Linux themed memes)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        Reach out to\n
        \n
        *All communities included on the sidebar are to be made in compliance with the instance rules.* [Striker](https://lemmy.world/u/STRIKINGdebate2)
        """
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}
 
"Scheb\TwoFactorBundle\Security\Authorization\Voter\TwoFactorInProgressVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\EntryCommentVoter"
 ACCESS DENIED 
"App\Security\Voter\EntryVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MagazineVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MessageThreadVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MessageVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\NotificationVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\OAuth2UserConsentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\PostCommentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\PostVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\UserVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN
Show voter details
13 DENIED ROLE_USER 
null
 
"Scheb\TwoFactorBundle\Security\Authorization\Voter\TwoFactorInProgressVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"Symfony\Component\Security\Core\Authorization\Voter\RoleHierarchyVoter"
 ACCESS DENIED 
"App\Security\Voter\EntryCommentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\EntryVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MagazineVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MessageThreadVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MessageVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\NotificationVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\OAuth2UserConsentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\PostCommentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\PostVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\UserVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN
Show voter details
14 DENIED moderate 
App\Entity\EntryComment {#4210
  +user: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\User {#4211 …}
  +entry: App\Entity\Entry {#2412
    +user: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\User {#1978 …}
    +magazine: App\Entity\Magazine {#264
      +icon: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Image {#245 …}
      +name: "lemmyshitpost@lemmy.world"
      +title: "lemmyshitpost"
      +description: """
        Welcome to Lemmy Shitpost. Here you can shitpost to your hearts content.\n
        \n
        Anything and everything goes. Memes, Jokes, Vents and Banter. Though we still have to comply with lemmy.world instance rules. So behave!\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Rules:**\n
        ==========\n
        \n
        1. Be Respectful___ Refrain from using harmful language pertaining to a protected characteristic: e.g. race, gender, sexuality, disability or religion. Refrain from being argumentative when responding or commenting to posts/replies. Personal attacks are not welcome here. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        2. No Illegal Content___ Content that violates the law. Any post/comment found to be in breach of common law will be removed and given to the authorities if required. That means: -No promoting violence/threats against any individuals -No CSA content or Revenge Porn -No sharing private/personal information (Doxxing) …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        3. No Spam___ Posting the same post, no matter the intent is against the rules. -If you have posted content, please refrain from re-posting said content within this community. -Do not spam posts with intent to harass, annoy, bully, advertise, scam or harm this community. -No posting Scams/Advertisements/Phishing Links/IP Grabbers -No Bots, Bots will be banned from the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
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        \n
        ---\n
        \n
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        \n
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        \n
        **Also check out:**\n
        \n
        **Partnered Communities:**\n
        \n
        1.[Memes](/c/memes@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        2.[Lemmy Review](/c/lemmyreview@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        3.[Mildly Infuriating](/c/mildlyinfuriating@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        4.[Lemmy Be Wholesome](/c/lemmybewholesome@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        5.[No Stupid Questions](/c/nostupidquestions@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        6.[You Should Know](/c/youshouldknow@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        7.[Comedy Heaven](/c/comedyheaven@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        8.[Credible Defense](/c/credibledefense@sh.itjust.works)\n
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        9.[Ten Forward](/c/tenforward@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        10.[LinuxMemes](/c/linuxmemes@lemmy.world) (Linux themed memes)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        Reach out to\n
        \n
        *All communities included on the sidebar are to be made in compliance with the instance rules.* [Striker](https://lemmy.world/u/STRIKINGdebate2)
        """
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"Scheb\TwoFactorBundle\Security\Authorization\Voter\TwoFactorInProgressVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\EntryCommentVoter"
 ACCESS DENIED 
"App\Security\Voter\EntryVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MagazineVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MessageThreadVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MessageVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\NotificationVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\OAuth2UserConsentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\PostCommentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\PostVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\UserVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN
Show voter details
15 DENIED edit 
App\Entity\EntryComment {#4210
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  +entry: App\Entity\Entry {#2412
    +user: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\User {#1978 …}
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      +icon: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Image {#245 …}
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        \n
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        \n
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        \n
        ---\n
        \n
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        \n
        ---\n
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        4. No Porn/ExplicitContent ___ -Do not post explicit content. Lemmy.World is not the instance for NSFW content. -Do not post Gore or Shock Content. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
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        ---\n
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        …\n
        \n
        If you see content that is a breach of the rules, please flag and report the comment and a moderator will take action where they can.\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Also check out:**\n
        \n
        **Partnered Communities:**\n
        \n
        1.[Memes](/c/memes@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        2.[Lemmy Review](/c/lemmyreview@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        3.[Mildly Infuriating](/c/mildlyinfuriating@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        4.[Lemmy Be Wholesome](/c/lemmybewholesome@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        5.[No Stupid Questions](/c/nostupidquestions@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        6.[You Should Know](/c/youshouldknow@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        7.[Comedy Heaven](/c/comedyheaven@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        8.[Credible Defense](/c/credibledefense@sh.itjust.works)\n
        \n
        9.[Ten Forward](/c/tenforward@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        10.[LinuxMemes](/c/linuxmemes@lemmy.world) (Linux themed memes)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        Reach out to\n
        \n
        *All communities included on the sidebar are to be made in compliance with the instance rules.* [Striker](https://lemmy.world/u/STRIKINGdebate2)
        """
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"Scheb\TwoFactorBundle\Security\Authorization\Voter\TwoFactorInProgressVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\EntryCommentVoter"
 ACCESS DENIED 
"App\Security\Voter\EntryVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MagazineVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MessageThreadVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MessageVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\NotificationVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\OAuth2UserConsentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\PostCommentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\PostVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\UserVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN
Show voter details
16 DENIED moderate 
App\Entity\EntryComment {#4210
  +user: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\User {#4211 …}
  +entry: App\Entity\Entry {#2412
    +user: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\User {#1978 …}
    +magazine: App\Entity\Magazine {#264
      +icon: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Image {#245 …}
      +name: "lemmyshitpost@lemmy.world"
      +title: "lemmyshitpost"
      +description: """
        Welcome to Lemmy Shitpost. Here you can shitpost to your hearts content.\n
        \n
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        \n
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        \n
        **Rules:**\n
        ==========\n
        \n
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        \n
        ---\n
        \n
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        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        3. No Spam___ Posting the same post, no matter the intent is against the rules. -If you have posted content, please refrain from re-posting said content within this community. -Do not spam posts with intent to harass, annoy, bully, advertise, scam or harm this community. -No posting Scams/Advertisements/Phishing Links/IP Grabbers -No Bots, Bots will be banned from the community. …\n
        \n
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        \n
        ---\n
        \n
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        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        6. NSFW should be behind NSFW tags.___ -Content that is NSFW should be behind NSFW tags. -Content that might be distressing should be kept behind NSFW tags.\n
        \n
        …\n
        \n
        If you see content that is a breach of the rules, please flag and report the comment and a moderator will take action where they can.\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Also check out:**\n
        \n
        **Partnered Communities:**\n
        \n
        1.[Memes](/c/memes@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        2.[Lemmy Review](/c/lemmyreview@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        3.[Mildly Infuriating](/c/mildlyinfuriating@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        4.[Lemmy Be Wholesome](/c/lemmybewholesome@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        5.[No Stupid Questions](/c/nostupidquestions@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        6.[You Should Know](/c/youshouldknow@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        7.[Comedy Heaven](/c/comedyheaven@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        8.[Credible Defense](/c/credibledefense@sh.itjust.works)\n
        \n
        9.[Ten Forward](/c/tenforward@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        10.[LinuxMemes](/c/linuxmemes@lemmy.world) (Linux themed memes)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        Reach out to\n
        \n
        *All communities included on the sidebar are to be made in compliance with the instance rules.* [Striker](https://lemmy.world/u/STRIKINGdebate2)
        """
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}
 
"Scheb\TwoFactorBundle\Security\Authorization\Voter\TwoFactorInProgressVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\EntryCommentVoter"
 ACCESS DENIED 
"App\Security\Voter\EntryVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MagazineVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MessageThreadVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MessageVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\NotificationVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\OAuth2UserConsentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\PostCommentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\PostVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\UserVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN
Show voter details
17 DENIED ROLE_USER 
null
 
"Scheb\TwoFactorBundle\Security\Authorization\Voter\TwoFactorInProgressVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"Symfony\Component\Security\Core\Authorization\Voter\RoleHierarchyVoter"
 ACCESS DENIED 
"App\Security\Voter\EntryCommentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\EntryVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MagazineVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MessageThreadVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MessageVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\NotificationVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\OAuth2UserConsentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\PostCommentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\PostVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\UserVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN
Show voter details
18 DENIED moderate 
App\Entity\EntryComment {#4233
  +user: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\User {#4238 …}
  +entry: App\Entity\Entry {#2412
    +user: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\User {#1978 …}
    +magazine: App\Entity\Magazine {#264
      +icon: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Image {#245 …}
      +name: "lemmyshitpost@lemmy.world"
      +title: "lemmyshitpost"
      +description: """
        Welcome to Lemmy Shitpost. Here you can shitpost to your hearts content.\n
        \n
        Anything and everything goes. Memes, Jokes, Vents and Banter. Though we still have to comply with lemmy.world instance rules. So behave!\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Rules:**\n
        ==========\n
        \n
        1. Be Respectful___ Refrain from using harmful language pertaining to a protected characteristic: e.g. race, gender, sexuality, disability or religion. Refrain from being argumentative when responding or commenting to posts/replies. Personal attacks are not welcome here. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        2. No Illegal Content___ Content that violates the law. Any post/comment found to be in breach of common law will be removed and given to the authorities if required. That means: -No promoting violence/threats against any individuals -No CSA content or Revenge Porn -No sharing private/personal information (Doxxing) …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        3. No Spam___ Posting the same post, no matter the intent is against the rules. -If you have posted content, please refrain from re-posting said content within this community. -Do not spam posts with intent to harass, annoy, bully, advertise, scam or harm this community. -No posting Scams/Advertisements/Phishing Links/IP Grabbers -No Bots, Bots will be banned from the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        4. No Porn/ExplicitContent ___ -Do not post explicit content. Lemmy.World is not the instance for NSFW content. -Do not post Gore or Shock Content. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        5. No Enciting Harassment,Brigading, Doxxing or Witch Hunts ___ -Do not Brigade other Communities -No calls to action against other communities/users within Lemmy or outside of Lemmy. -No Witch Hunts against users/communities. -No content that harasses members within or outside of the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        6. NSFW should be behind NSFW tags.___ -Content that is NSFW should be behind NSFW tags. -Content that might be distressing should be kept behind NSFW tags.\n
        \n
        …\n
        \n
        If you see content that is a breach of the rules, please flag and report the comment and a moderator will take action where they can.\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Also check out:**\n
        \n
        **Partnered Communities:**\n
        \n
        1.[Memes](/c/memes@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        2.[Lemmy Review](/c/lemmyreview@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        3.[Mildly Infuriating](/c/mildlyinfuriating@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        4.[Lemmy Be Wholesome](/c/lemmybewholesome@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        5.[No Stupid Questions](/c/nostupidquestions@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        6.[You Should Know](/c/youshouldknow@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        7.[Comedy Heaven](/c/comedyheaven@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        8.[Credible Defense](/c/credibledefense@sh.itjust.works)\n
        \n
        9.[Ten Forward](/c/tenforward@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        10.[LinuxMemes](/c/linuxmemes@lemmy.world) (Linux themed memes)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        Reach out to\n
        \n
        *All communities included on the sidebar are to be made in compliance with the instance rules.* [Striker](https://lemmy.world/u/STRIKINGdebate2)
        """
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      date: 2023-12-01 16:24:28.0 +01:00
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  }
  +root: App\Entity\EntryComment {#4001}
  +body: """
    I don’t think they did, the concept babies didn’t feel pain persisted well into the 1980s.\n
    \n
    > In the late nineteenth, and first half of the twentieth century[citation needed], doctors were taught that babies did not experience pain, and were treating their young patients accordingly. From needle sticks to tonsillectomies to heart operations were done with no anaesthesia or analgesia, other than muscle relaxation for the surgery.[citation needed] The belief was that in babies the expression of pain was reflexive and, owing to the immaturity of the infant brain, the pain could not really matter.[37]
    """
  +lang: "en"
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    "@balderdash9@lemmy.zip"
    "@RIP_Cheems@lemmy.world"
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}
 
"Scheb\TwoFactorBundle\Security\Authorization\Voter\TwoFactorInProgressVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\EntryCommentVoter"
 ACCESS DENIED 
"App\Security\Voter\EntryVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MagazineVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MessageThreadVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MessageVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\NotificationVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\OAuth2UserConsentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\PostCommentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\PostVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\UserVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN
Show voter details
19 DENIED edit 
App\Entity\EntryComment {#4233
  +user: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\User {#4238 …}
  +entry: App\Entity\Entry {#2412
    +user: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\User {#1978 …}
    +magazine: App\Entity\Magazine {#264
      +icon: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Image {#245 …}
      +name: "lemmyshitpost@lemmy.world"
      +title: "lemmyshitpost"
      +description: """
        Welcome to Lemmy Shitpost. Here you can shitpost to your hearts content.\n
        \n
        Anything and everything goes. Memes, Jokes, Vents and Banter. Though we still have to comply with lemmy.world instance rules. So behave!\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Rules:**\n
        ==========\n
        \n
        1. Be Respectful___ Refrain from using harmful language pertaining to a protected characteristic: e.g. race, gender, sexuality, disability or religion. Refrain from being argumentative when responding or commenting to posts/replies. Personal attacks are not welcome here. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
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        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        3. No Spam___ Posting the same post, no matter the intent is against the rules. -If you have posted content, please refrain from re-posting said content within this community. -Do not spam posts with intent to harass, annoy, bully, advertise, scam or harm this community. -No posting Scams/Advertisements/Phishing Links/IP Grabbers -No Bots, Bots will be banned from the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        4. No Porn/ExplicitContent ___ -Do not post explicit content. Lemmy.World is not the instance for NSFW content. -Do not post Gore or Shock Content. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        5. No Enciting Harassment,Brigading, Doxxing or Witch Hunts ___ -Do not Brigade other Communities -No calls to action against other communities/users within Lemmy or outside of Lemmy. -No Witch Hunts against users/communities. -No content that harasses members within or outside of the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
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        6. NSFW should be behind NSFW tags.___ -Content that is NSFW should be behind NSFW tags. -Content that might be distressing should be kept behind NSFW tags.\n
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        …\n
        \n
        If you see content that is a breach of the rules, please flag and report the comment and a moderator will take action where they can.\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Also check out:**\n
        \n
        **Partnered Communities:**\n
        \n
        1.[Memes](/c/memes@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        2.[Lemmy Review](/c/lemmyreview@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        3.[Mildly Infuriating](/c/mildlyinfuriating@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        4.[Lemmy Be Wholesome](/c/lemmybewholesome@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        5.[No Stupid Questions](/c/nostupidquestions@lemmy.world)\n
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        \n
        7.[Comedy Heaven](/c/comedyheaven@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        8.[Credible Defense](/c/credibledefense@sh.itjust.works)\n
        \n
        9.[Ten Forward](/c/tenforward@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        10.[LinuxMemes](/c/linuxmemes@lemmy.world) (Linux themed memes)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        Reach out to\n
        \n
        *All communities included on the sidebar are to be made in compliance with the instance rules.* [Striker](https://lemmy.world/u/STRIKINGdebate2)
        """
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    I don’t think they did, the concept babies didn’t feel pain persisted well into the 1980s.\n
    \n
    > In the late nineteenth, and first half of the twentieth century[citation needed], doctors were taught that babies did not experience pain, and were treating their young patients accordingly. From needle sticks to tonsillectomies to heart operations were done with no anaesthesia or analgesia, other than muscle relaxation for the surgery.[citation needed] The belief was that in babies the expression of pain was reflexive and, owing to the immaturity of the infant brain, the pain could not really matter.[37]
    """
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 ACCESS DENIED 
"App\Security\Voter\EntryVoter"
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 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MessageThreadVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MessageVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\NotificationVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\OAuth2UserConsentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\PostCommentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\PostVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\UserVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN
Show voter details
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        \n
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        \n
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        \n
        ---\n
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        \n
        ---\n
        \n
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        ---\n
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        …\n
        \n
        If you see content that is a breach of the rules, please flag and report the comment and a moderator will take action where they can.\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Also check out:**\n
        \n
        **Partnered Communities:**\n
        \n
        1.[Memes](/c/memes@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        2.[Lemmy Review](/c/lemmyreview@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        3.[Mildly Infuriating](/c/mildlyinfuriating@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        4.[Lemmy Be Wholesome](/c/lemmybewholesome@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        5.[No Stupid Questions](/c/nostupidquestions@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        6.[You Should Know](/c/youshouldknow@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        7.[Comedy Heaven](/c/comedyheaven@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        8.[Credible Defense](/c/credibledefense@sh.itjust.works)\n
        \n
        9.[Ten Forward](/c/tenforward@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        10.[LinuxMemes](/c/linuxmemes@lemmy.world) (Linux themed memes)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        Reach out to\n
        \n
        *All communities included on the sidebar are to be made in compliance with the instance rules.* [Striker](https://lemmy.world/u/STRIKINGdebate2)
        """
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    I don’t think they did, the concept babies didn’t feel pain persisted well into the 1980s.\n
    \n
    > In the late nineteenth, and first half of the twentieth century[citation needed], doctors were taught that babies did not experience pain, and were treating their young patients accordingly. From needle sticks to tonsillectomies to heart operations were done with no anaesthesia or analgesia, other than muscle relaxation for the surgery.[citation needed] The belief was that in babies the expression of pain was reflexive and, owing to the immaturity of the infant brain, the pain could not really matter.[37]
    """
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        Welcome to Lemmy Shitpost. Here you can shitpost to your hearts content.\n
        \n
        Anything and everything goes. Memes, Jokes, Vents and Banter. Though we still have to comply with lemmy.world instance rules. So behave!\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Rules:**\n
        ==========\n
        \n
        1. Be Respectful___ Refrain from using harmful language pertaining to a protected characteristic: e.g. race, gender, sexuality, disability or religion. Refrain from being argumentative when responding or commenting to posts/replies. Personal attacks are not welcome here. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        2. No Illegal Content___ Content that violates the law. Any post/comment found to be in breach of common law will be removed and given to the authorities if required. That means: -No promoting violence/threats against any individuals -No CSA content or Revenge Porn -No sharing private/personal information (Doxxing) …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        3. No Spam___ Posting the same post, no matter the intent is against the rules. -If you have posted content, please refrain from re-posting said content within this community. -Do not spam posts with intent to harass, annoy, bully, advertise, scam or harm this community. -No posting Scams/Advertisements/Phishing Links/IP Grabbers -No Bots, Bots will be banned from the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        4. No Porn/ExplicitContent ___ -Do not post explicit content. Lemmy.World is not the instance for NSFW content. -Do not post Gore or Shock Content. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        5. No Enciting Harassment,Brigading, Doxxing or Witch Hunts ___ -Do not Brigade other Communities -No calls to action against other communities/users within Lemmy or outside of Lemmy. -No Witch Hunts against users/communities. -No content that harasses members within or outside of the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        6. NSFW should be behind NSFW tags.___ -Content that is NSFW should be behind NSFW tags. -Content that might be distressing should be kept behind NSFW tags.\n
        \n
        …\n
        \n
        If you see content that is a breach of the rules, please flag and report the comment and a moderator will take action where they can.\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Also check out:**\n
        \n
        **Partnered Communities:**\n
        \n
        1.[Memes](/c/memes@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        2.[Lemmy Review](/c/lemmyreview@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        3.[Mildly Infuriating](/c/mildlyinfuriating@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        4.[Lemmy Be Wholesome](/c/lemmybewholesome@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        5.[No Stupid Questions](/c/nostupidquestions@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        6.[You Should Know](/c/youshouldknow@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        7.[Comedy Heaven](/c/comedyheaven@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        8.[Credible Defense](/c/credibledefense@sh.itjust.works)\n
        \n
        9.[Ten Forward](/c/tenforward@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        10.[LinuxMemes](/c/linuxmemes@lemmy.world) (Linux themed memes)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        Reach out to\n
        \n
        *All communities included on the sidebar are to be made in compliance with the instance rules.* [Striker](https://lemmy.world/u/STRIKINGdebate2)
        """
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    I generally don’t try to correct shitposts, but for some reason this one annoyed me because it’s only sort of true and the real truth is more interesting.\n
    \n
    > Shakespeare’s observation (from Cymbeline) explains why attempts to alleviate the pain of disease, injury or simple surgical procedures by producing unconsciousness are almost as old as civilization, although the techniques were crude. Most involved ingestion of ethanol and or herbal mixtures, but ‘knock-out’ blows to the head and bilateral carotid artery compression (carotid derives from the Greek for stupor) are also described. These methods were impossible to quantify, and the best that can be said of many is that they were harmlessly ineffective, but that is obviously not the case with head trauma or obstructing the flow of blood to the brain. Hypnotism, introduced as ‘animal magnetism’ or ‘Mesmerism’ in the latter part of the eighteenth century (depicted above), can be effective in susceptible individuals, but such people are relatively rare in developed societies.\n
    > \n
    > Most of the herbal mixtures were devised in Southern Europe or the Orient where plants with active alkaloids (e.g. opium) are indigenous, but one called ‘Dwale’ appears in medieval English texts. Although a number of drugs used in modern anaesthesia have their origins in substances found in plants those early concoctions are irrelevant to the development of effective, drug-induced anaesthesia. It stems from discoveries made in Britain during the latter half of the 18th century, the time of the ‘Enlightenment’. However, di-ethyl ether, the first agent to be demonstrated successfully in public, was originally synthesized (by the action of sulphuric acid on ethanol) in the thirteenth century. There are early reports of it producing both pain relief and loss of consciousness, but such observations were not applied clinically for centuries - examples of a recurring theme: clinical use of the effect did not follow until long after its original observation.\n
    \n
    And it isn’t even really true about using a gas as anaesthesia:\n
    \n
    > Davy’s ‘Researches, Chemical and Philosophical: Chiefly Concerning Nitrous Oxide’, published in 1799, describes two major effects of its inhalation: euphoria (he coined the term ‘laughing gas’) and analgesia (it eased the pain of his erupting wisdom tooth). Davy suggested inhalation of nitrous oxide during surgical operations, but this was not acted upon (that recurring theme again) though a slightly earlier event may indicate possible explanations. In 1784 a London surgeon, James Moore, published a description of nerve compression in producing numbness for limb surgery – most people have experienced this effect after falling asleep while lying on an arm. The method was used successfully for an amputation performed painlessly by John Hunter, the ‘father’ of modern surgery, yet there is no record of a repeat. Was it fear of complications, inconsistency of effect, or simply that minds were not yet attuned to the concept of surgery without pain?\n
    > \n
    > Davy went on to work at the Royal Institution in London, giving demonstrations of nitrous oxide and other discoveries of the age. In 1813, another scientist famous in later life, Michael Faraday, joined him as assistant and studied the inhalation of ether. He published his findings, which included soporific and analgesic effects, in 1818, but one subject had taken over 24 hours to recover full consciousness. Such an observation provides another explanation for failure to implement important observations – the difficulty of quantifying and controlling their effects.\n
    \n
    Then:\n
    \n
    > The story moves to the USA, specifically to Hartford, Connecticut on 10 December 1844, when Gardner Quincy Colton, a travelling showman, gave a demonstration of the latest discoveries, including inhalation of nitrous oxide. In the audience was Horace Wells, a local dentist who had mastered the art of using new materials to make dentures, and had sought ways of easing the pain of first removing the patient’s own rotten teeth. Here was a prepared mind, and Wells realized that he might have found a solution when a young man (one Samuel Cooley) who had inhaled the gas injured his shin without any apparent discomfort.\n
    \n
    …\n
    \n
    > Discussions led to an experiment the following morning during which Wells had one of his own teeth removed by a colleague, John Riggs, after Colton had administered the gas. Wells learned how to make nitrous oxide, and used it in his practice until he felt confident enough to demonstrate the technique at the nearest major medical centre, Boston. He gave a talk to a class of the Harvard Medical School and then administered the gas to one of them who, unfortunately for Wells, cried out when a tooth was removed. Even though the student remembered nothing Wells reacted badly (he was probably a manic depressive) to being dismissed as a charlatan and, although he continued to use nitrous oxide, he faded from the scene.\n
    > \n
    > However, William Morton, who had previously been both Wells’s student and later partner, had helped with the demonstration, and was made of sterner stuff, recognizing that a ‘better’ agent was required. He was by then a medical student at Harvard and consulted, among others, his chemistry teacher, Dr. Charles Jackson. What part Jackson actually played in Morton’s decision to use ether by inhalation became the subject of great controversy, but there is no doubt that it was Morton who studied it, tested it in animals and then tried it in his patients. Having been successful with these trials he offered to demonstrate his method to Dr. John Warren, surgeon at the Massachusetts General Hospital, and was invited to do so on 16 October 1846. Before a large audience, Morton administered ether vapour to Gilbert Abbott before Warren removed a tumour from Abbott’s neck without any sign of distress. A new era had dawned.\n
    \n
    [www.rcoa.ac.uk/…/history-anaesthesia](https://www.rcoa.ac.uk/about-college/heritage/history-anaesthesia)
    """
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        Welcome to Lemmy Shitpost. Here you can shitpost to your hearts content.\n
        \n
        Anything and everything goes. Memes, Jokes, Vents and Banter. Though we still have to comply with lemmy.world instance rules. So behave!\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Rules:**\n
        ==========\n
        \n
        1. Be Respectful___ Refrain from using harmful language pertaining to a protected characteristic: e.g. race, gender, sexuality, disability or religion. Refrain from being argumentative when responding or commenting to posts/replies. Personal attacks are not welcome here. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
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        2. No Illegal Content___ Content that violates the law. Any post/comment found to be in breach of common law will be removed and given to the authorities if required. That means: -No promoting violence/threats against any individuals -No CSA content or Revenge Porn -No sharing private/personal information (Doxxing) …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        3. No Spam___ Posting the same post, no matter the intent is against the rules. -If you have posted content, please refrain from re-posting said content within this community. -Do not spam posts with intent to harass, annoy, bully, advertise, scam or harm this community. -No posting Scams/Advertisements/Phishing Links/IP Grabbers -No Bots, Bots will be banned from the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
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        4. No Porn/ExplicitContent ___ -Do not post explicit content. Lemmy.World is not the instance for NSFW content. -Do not post Gore or Shock Content. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        5. No Enciting Harassment,Brigading, Doxxing or Witch Hunts ___ -Do not Brigade other Communities -No calls to action against other communities/users within Lemmy or outside of Lemmy. -No Witch Hunts against users/communities. -No content that harasses members within or outside of the community. …\n
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        ---\n
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        6. NSFW should be behind NSFW tags.___ -Content that is NSFW should be behind NSFW tags. -Content that might be distressing should be kept behind NSFW tags.\n
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        …\n
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        If you see content that is a breach of the rules, please flag and report the comment and a moderator will take action where they can.\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Also check out:**\n
        \n
        **Partnered Communities:**\n
        \n
        1.[Memes](/c/memes@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        2.[Lemmy Review](/c/lemmyreview@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        3.[Mildly Infuriating](/c/mildlyinfuriating@lemmy.world)\n
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        6.[You Should Know](/c/youshouldknow@lemmy.world)\n
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        7.[Comedy Heaven](/c/comedyheaven@lemmy.world)\n
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        8.[Credible Defense](/c/credibledefense@sh.itjust.works)\n
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        9.[Ten Forward](/c/tenforward@lemmy.world)\n
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        10.[LinuxMemes](/c/linuxmemes@lemmy.world) (Linux themed memes)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        Reach out to\n
        \n
        *All communities included on the sidebar are to be made in compliance with the instance rules.* [Striker](https://lemmy.world/u/STRIKINGdebate2)
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    I generally don’t try to correct shitposts, but for some reason this one annoyed me because it’s only sort of true and the real truth is more interesting.\n
    \n
    > Shakespeare’s observation (from Cymbeline) explains why attempts to alleviate the pain of disease, injury or simple surgical procedures by producing unconsciousness are almost as old as civilization, although the techniques were crude. Most involved ingestion of ethanol and or herbal mixtures, but ‘knock-out’ blows to the head and bilateral carotid artery compression (carotid derives from the Greek for stupor) are also described. These methods were impossible to quantify, and the best that can be said of many is that they were harmlessly ineffective, but that is obviously not the case with head trauma or obstructing the flow of blood to the brain. Hypnotism, introduced as ‘animal magnetism’ or ‘Mesmerism’ in the latter part of the eighteenth century (depicted above), can be effective in susceptible individuals, but such people are relatively rare in developed societies.\n
    > \n
    > Most of the herbal mixtures were devised in Southern Europe or the Orient where plants with active alkaloids (e.g. opium) are indigenous, but one called ‘Dwale’ appears in medieval English texts. Although a number of drugs used in modern anaesthesia have their origins in substances found in plants those early concoctions are irrelevant to the development of effective, drug-induced anaesthesia. It stems from discoveries made in Britain during the latter half of the 18th century, the time of the ‘Enlightenment’. However, di-ethyl ether, the first agent to be demonstrated successfully in public, was originally synthesized (by the action of sulphuric acid on ethanol) in the thirteenth century. There are early reports of it producing both pain relief and loss of consciousness, but such observations were not applied clinically for centuries - examples of a recurring theme: clinical use of the effect did not follow until long after its original observation.\n
    \n
    And it isn’t even really true about using a gas as anaesthesia:\n
    \n
    > Davy’s ‘Researches, Chemical and Philosophical: Chiefly Concerning Nitrous Oxide’, published in 1799, describes two major effects of its inhalation: euphoria (he coined the term ‘laughing gas’) and analgesia (it eased the pain of his erupting wisdom tooth). Davy suggested inhalation of nitrous oxide during surgical operations, but this was not acted upon (that recurring theme again) though a slightly earlier event may indicate possible explanations. In 1784 a London surgeon, James Moore, published a description of nerve compression in producing numbness for limb surgery – most people have experienced this effect after falling asleep while lying on an arm. The method was used successfully for an amputation performed painlessly by John Hunter, the ‘father’ of modern surgery, yet there is no record of a repeat. Was it fear of complications, inconsistency of effect, or simply that minds were not yet attuned to the concept of surgery without pain?\n
    > \n
    > Davy went on to work at the Royal Institution in London, giving demonstrations of nitrous oxide and other discoveries of the age. In 1813, another scientist famous in later life, Michael Faraday, joined him as assistant and studied the inhalation of ether. He published his findings, which included soporific and analgesic effects, in 1818, but one subject had taken over 24 hours to recover full consciousness. Such an observation provides another explanation for failure to implement important observations – the difficulty of quantifying and controlling their effects.\n
    \n
    Then:\n
    \n
    > The story moves to the USA, specifically to Hartford, Connecticut on 10 December 1844, when Gardner Quincy Colton, a travelling showman, gave a demonstration of the latest discoveries, including inhalation of nitrous oxide. In the audience was Horace Wells, a local dentist who had mastered the art of using new materials to make dentures, and had sought ways of easing the pain of first removing the patient’s own rotten teeth. Here was a prepared mind, and Wells realized that he might have found a solution when a young man (one Samuel Cooley) who had inhaled the gas injured his shin without any apparent discomfort.\n
    \n
    …\n
    \n
    > Discussions led to an experiment the following morning during which Wells had one of his own teeth removed by a colleague, John Riggs, after Colton had administered the gas. Wells learned how to make nitrous oxide, and used it in his practice until he felt confident enough to demonstrate the technique at the nearest major medical centre, Boston. He gave a talk to a class of the Harvard Medical School and then administered the gas to one of them who, unfortunately for Wells, cried out when a tooth was removed. Even though the student remembered nothing Wells reacted badly (he was probably a manic depressive) to being dismissed as a charlatan and, although he continued to use nitrous oxide, he faded from the scene.\n
    > \n
    > However, William Morton, who had previously been both Wells’s student and later partner, had helped with the demonstration, and was made of sterner stuff, recognizing that a ‘better’ agent was required. He was by then a medical student at Harvard and consulted, among others, his chemistry teacher, Dr. Charles Jackson. What part Jackson actually played in Morton’s decision to use ether by inhalation became the subject of great controversy, but there is no doubt that it was Morton who studied it, tested it in animals and then tried it in his patients. Having been successful with these trials he offered to demonstrate his method to Dr. John Warren, surgeon at the Massachusetts General Hospital, and was invited to do so on 16 October 1846. Before a large audience, Morton administered ether vapour to Gilbert Abbott before Warren removed a tumour from Abbott’s neck without any sign of distress. A new era had dawned.\n
    \n
    [www.rcoa.ac.uk/…/history-anaesthesia](https://www.rcoa.ac.uk/about-college/heritage/history-anaesthesia)
    """
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      +name: "lemmyshitpost@lemmy.world"
      +title: "lemmyshitpost"
      +description: """
        Welcome to Lemmy Shitpost. Here you can shitpost to your hearts content.\n
        \n
        Anything and everything goes. Memes, Jokes, Vents and Banter. Though we still have to comply with lemmy.world instance rules. So behave!\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Rules:**\n
        ==========\n
        \n
        1. Be Respectful___ Refrain from using harmful language pertaining to a protected characteristic: e.g. race, gender, sexuality, disability or religion. Refrain from being argumentative when responding or commenting to posts/replies. Personal attacks are not welcome here. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        2. No Illegal Content___ Content that violates the law. Any post/comment found to be in breach of common law will be removed and given to the authorities if required. That means: -No promoting violence/threats against any individuals -No CSA content or Revenge Porn -No sharing private/personal information (Doxxing) …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        3. No Spam___ Posting the same post, no matter the intent is against the rules. -If you have posted content, please refrain from re-posting said content within this community. -Do not spam posts with intent to harass, annoy, bully, advertise, scam or harm this community. -No posting Scams/Advertisements/Phishing Links/IP Grabbers -No Bots, Bots will be banned from the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        4. No Porn/ExplicitContent ___ -Do not post explicit content. Lemmy.World is not the instance for NSFW content. -Do not post Gore or Shock Content. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        5. No Enciting Harassment,Brigading, Doxxing or Witch Hunts ___ -Do not Brigade other Communities -No calls to action against other communities/users within Lemmy or outside of Lemmy. -No Witch Hunts against users/communities. -No content that harasses members within or outside of the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        6. NSFW should be behind NSFW tags.___ -Content that is NSFW should be behind NSFW tags. -Content that might be distressing should be kept behind NSFW tags.\n
        \n
        …\n
        \n
        If you see content that is a breach of the rules, please flag and report the comment and a moderator will take action where they can.\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Also check out:**\n
        \n
        **Partnered Communities:**\n
        \n
        1.[Memes](/c/memes@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        2.[Lemmy Review](/c/lemmyreview@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        3.[Mildly Infuriating](/c/mildlyinfuriating@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        4.[Lemmy Be Wholesome](/c/lemmybewholesome@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        5.[No Stupid Questions](/c/nostupidquestions@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        6.[You Should Know](/c/youshouldknow@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        7.[Comedy Heaven](/c/comedyheaven@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        8.[Credible Defense](/c/credibledefense@sh.itjust.works)\n
        \n
        9.[Ten Forward](/c/tenforward@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        10.[LinuxMemes](/c/linuxmemes@lemmy.world) (Linux themed memes)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        Reach out to\n
        \n
        *All communities included on the sidebar are to be made in compliance with the instance rules.* [Striker](https://lemmy.world/u/STRIKINGdebate2)
        """
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    I generally don’t try to correct shitposts, but for some reason this one annoyed me because it’s only sort of true and the real truth is more interesting.\n
    \n
    > Shakespeare’s observation (from Cymbeline) explains why attempts to alleviate the pain of disease, injury or simple surgical procedures by producing unconsciousness are almost as old as civilization, although the techniques were crude. Most involved ingestion of ethanol and or herbal mixtures, but ‘knock-out’ blows to the head and bilateral carotid artery compression (carotid derives from the Greek for stupor) are also described. These methods were impossible to quantify, and the best that can be said of many is that they were harmlessly ineffective, but that is obviously not the case with head trauma or obstructing the flow of blood to the brain. Hypnotism, introduced as ‘animal magnetism’ or ‘Mesmerism’ in the latter part of the eighteenth century (depicted above), can be effective in susceptible individuals, but such people are relatively rare in developed societies.\n
    > \n
    > Most of the herbal mixtures were devised in Southern Europe or the Orient where plants with active alkaloids (e.g. opium) are indigenous, but one called ‘Dwale’ appears in medieval English texts. Although a number of drugs used in modern anaesthesia have their origins in substances found in plants those early concoctions are irrelevant to the development of effective, drug-induced anaesthesia. It stems from discoveries made in Britain during the latter half of the 18th century, the time of the ‘Enlightenment’. However, di-ethyl ether, the first agent to be demonstrated successfully in public, was originally synthesized (by the action of sulphuric acid on ethanol) in the thirteenth century. There are early reports of it producing both pain relief and loss of consciousness, but such observations were not applied clinically for centuries - examples of a recurring theme: clinical use of the effect did not follow until long after its original observation.\n
    \n
    And it isn’t even really true about using a gas as anaesthesia:\n
    \n
    > Davy’s ‘Researches, Chemical and Philosophical: Chiefly Concerning Nitrous Oxide’, published in 1799, describes two major effects of its inhalation: euphoria (he coined the term ‘laughing gas’) and analgesia (it eased the pain of his erupting wisdom tooth). Davy suggested inhalation of nitrous oxide during surgical operations, but this was not acted upon (that recurring theme again) though a slightly earlier event may indicate possible explanations. In 1784 a London surgeon, James Moore, published a description of nerve compression in producing numbness for limb surgery – most people have experienced this effect after falling asleep while lying on an arm. The method was used successfully for an amputation performed painlessly by John Hunter, the ‘father’ of modern surgery, yet there is no record of a repeat. Was it fear of complications, inconsistency of effect, or simply that minds were not yet attuned to the concept of surgery without pain?\n
    > \n
    > Davy went on to work at the Royal Institution in London, giving demonstrations of nitrous oxide and other discoveries of the age. In 1813, another scientist famous in later life, Michael Faraday, joined him as assistant and studied the inhalation of ether. He published his findings, which included soporific and analgesic effects, in 1818, but one subject had taken over 24 hours to recover full consciousness. Such an observation provides another explanation for failure to implement important observations – the difficulty of quantifying and controlling their effects.\n
    \n
    Then:\n
    \n
    > The story moves to the USA, specifically to Hartford, Connecticut on 10 December 1844, when Gardner Quincy Colton, a travelling showman, gave a demonstration of the latest discoveries, including inhalation of nitrous oxide. In the audience was Horace Wells, a local dentist who had mastered the art of using new materials to make dentures, and had sought ways of easing the pain of first removing the patient’s own rotten teeth. Here was a prepared mind, and Wells realized that he might have found a solution when a young man (one Samuel Cooley) who had inhaled the gas injured his shin without any apparent discomfort.\n
    \n
    …\n
    \n
    > Discussions led to an experiment the following morning during which Wells had one of his own teeth removed by a colleague, John Riggs, after Colton had administered the gas. Wells learned how to make nitrous oxide, and used it in his practice until he felt confident enough to demonstrate the technique at the nearest major medical centre, Boston. He gave a talk to a class of the Harvard Medical School and then administered the gas to one of them who, unfortunately for Wells, cried out when a tooth was removed. Even though the student remembered nothing Wells reacted badly (he was probably a manic depressive) to being dismissed as a charlatan and, although he continued to use nitrous oxide, he faded from the scene.\n
    > \n
    > However, William Morton, who had previously been both Wells’s student and later partner, had helped with the demonstration, and was made of sterner stuff, recognizing that a ‘better’ agent was required. He was by then a medical student at Harvard and consulted, among others, his chemistry teacher, Dr. Charles Jackson. What part Jackson actually played in Morton’s decision to use ether by inhalation became the subject of great controversy, but there is no doubt that it was Morton who studied it, tested it in animals and then tried it in his patients. Having been successful with these trials he offered to demonstrate his method to Dr. John Warren, surgeon at the Massachusetts General Hospital, and was invited to do so on 16 October 1846. Before a large audience, Morton administered ether vapour to Gilbert Abbott before Warren removed a tumour from Abbott’s neck without any sign of distress. A new era had dawned.\n
    \n
    [www.rcoa.ac.uk/…/history-anaesthesia](https://www.rcoa.ac.uk/about-college/heritage/history-anaesthesia)
    """
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      +title: "lemmyshitpost"
      +description: """
        Welcome to Lemmy Shitpost. Here you can shitpost to your hearts content.\n
        \n
        Anything and everything goes. Memes, Jokes, Vents and Banter. Though we still have to comply with lemmy.world instance rules. So behave!\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Rules:**\n
        ==========\n
        \n
        1. Be Respectful___ Refrain from using harmful language pertaining to a protected characteristic: e.g. race, gender, sexuality, disability or religion. Refrain from being argumentative when responding or commenting to posts/replies. Personal attacks are not welcome here. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        2. No Illegal Content___ Content that violates the law. Any post/comment found to be in breach of common law will be removed and given to the authorities if required. That means: -No promoting violence/threats against any individuals -No CSA content or Revenge Porn -No sharing private/personal information (Doxxing) …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        3. No Spam___ Posting the same post, no matter the intent is against the rules. -If you have posted content, please refrain from re-posting said content within this community. -Do not spam posts with intent to harass, annoy, bully, advertise, scam or harm this community. -No posting Scams/Advertisements/Phishing Links/IP Grabbers -No Bots, Bots will be banned from the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        4. No Porn/ExplicitContent ___ -Do not post explicit content. Lemmy.World is not the instance for NSFW content. -Do not post Gore or Shock Content. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        5. No Enciting Harassment,Brigading, Doxxing or Witch Hunts ___ -Do not Brigade other Communities -No calls to action against other communities/users within Lemmy or outside of Lemmy. -No Witch Hunts against users/communities. -No content that harasses members within or outside of the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        6. NSFW should be behind NSFW tags.___ -Content that is NSFW should be behind NSFW tags. -Content that might be distressing should be kept behind NSFW tags.\n
        \n
        …\n
        \n
        If you see content that is a breach of the rules, please flag and report the comment and a moderator will take action where they can.\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Also check out:**\n
        \n
        **Partnered Communities:**\n
        \n
        1.[Memes](/c/memes@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        2.[Lemmy Review](/c/lemmyreview@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        3.[Mildly Infuriating](/c/mildlyinfuriating@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        4.[Lemmy Be Wholesome](/c/lemmybewholesome@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        5.[No Stupid Questions](/c/nostupidquestions@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        6.[You Should Know](/c/youshouldknow@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        7.[Comedy Heaven](/c/comedyheaven@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        8.[Credible Defense](/c/credibledefense@sh.itjust.works)\n
        \n
        9.[Ten Forward](/c/tenforward@lemmy.world)\n
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        10.[LinuxMemes](/c/linuxmemes@lemmy.world) (Linux themed memes)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        Reach out to\n
        \n
        *All communities included on the sidebar are to be made in compliance with the instance rules.* [Striker](https://lemmy.world/u/STRIKINGdebate2)
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      I generally don’t try to correct shitposts, but for some reason this one annoyed me because it’s only sort of true and the real truth is more interesting.\n
      \n
      > Shakespeare’s observation (from Cymbeline) explains why attempts to alleviate the pain of disease, injury or simple surgical procedures by producing unconsciousness are almost as old as civilization, although the techniques were crude. Most involved ingestion of ethanol and or herbal mixtures, but ‘knock-out’ blows to the head and bilateral carotid artery compression (carotid derives from the Greek for stupor) are also described. These methods were impossible to quantify, and the best that can be said of many is that they were harmlessly ineffective, but that is obviously not the case with head trauma or obstructing the flow of blood to the brain. Hypnotism, introduced as ‘animal magnetism’ or ‘Mesmerism’ in the latter part of the eighteenth century (depicted above), can be effective in susceptible individuals, but such people are relatively rare in developed societies.\n
      > \n
      > Most of the herbal mixtures were devised in Southern Europe or the Orient where plants with active alkaloids (e.g. opium) are indigenous, but one called ‘Dwale’ appears in medieval English texts. Although a number of drugs used in modern anaesthesia have their origins in substances found in plants those early concoctions are irrelevant to the development of effective, drug-induced anaesthesia. It stems from discoveries made in Britain during the latter half of the 18th century, the time of the ‘Enlightenment’. However, di-ethyl ether, the first agent to be demonstrated successfully in public, was originally synthesized (by the action of sulphuric acid on ethanol) in the thirteenth century. There are early reports of it producing both pain relief and loss of consciousness, but such observations were not applied clinically for centuries - examples of a recurring theme: clinical use of the effect did not follow until long after its original observation.\n
      \n
      And it isn’t even really true about using a gas as anaesthesia:\n
      \n
      > Davy’s ‘Researches, Chemical and Philosophical: Chiefly Concerning Nitrous Oxide’, published in 1799, describes two major effects of its inhalation: euphoria (he coined the term ‘laughing gas’) and analgesia (it eased the pain of his erupting wisdom tooth). Davy suggested inhalation of nitrous oxide during surgical operations, but this was not acted upon (that recurring theme again) though a slightly earlier event may indicate possible explanations. In 1784 a London surgeon, James Moore, published a description of nerve compression in producing numbness for limb surgery – most people have experienced this effect after falling asleep while lying on an arm. The method was used successfully for an amputation performed painlessly by John Hunter, the ‘father’ of modern surgery, yet there is no record of a repeat. Was it fear of complications, inconsistency of effect, or simply that minds were not yet attuned to the concept of surgery without pain?\n
      > \n
      > Davy went on to work at the Royal Institution in London, giving demonstrations of nitrous oxide and other discoveries of the age. In 1813, another scientist famous in later life, Michael Faraday, joined him as assistant and studied the inhalation of ether. He published his findings, which included soporific and analgesic effects, in 1818, but one subject had taken over 24 hours to recover full consciousness. Such an observation provides another explanation for failure to implement important observations – the difficulty of quantifying and controlling their effects.\n
      \n
      Then:\n
      \n
      > The story moves to the USA, specifically to Hartford, Connecticut on 10 December 1844, when Gardner Quincy Colton, a travelling showman, gave a demonstration of the latest discoveries, including inhalation of nitrous oxide. In the audience was Horace Wells, a local dentist who had mastered the art of using new materials to make dentures, and had sought ways of easing the pain of first removing the patient’s own rotten teeth. Here was a prepared mind, and Wells realized that he might have found a solution when a young man (one Samuel Cooley) who had inhaled the gas injured his shin without any apparent discomfort.\n
      \n
      …\n
      \n
      > Discussions led to an experiment the following morning during which Wells had one of his own teeth removed by a colleague, John Riggs, after Colton had administered the gas. Wells learned how to make nitrous oxide, and used it in his practice until he felt confident enough to demonstrate the technique at the nearest major medical centre, Boston. He gave a talk to a class of the Harvard Medical School and then administered the gas to one of them who, unfortunately for Wells, cried out when a tooth was removed. Even though the student remembered nothing Wells reacted badly (he was probably a manic depressive) to being dismissed as a charlatan and, although he continued to use nitrous oxide, he faded from the scene.\n
      > \n
      > However, William Morton, who had previously been both Wells’s student and later partner, had helped with the demonstration, and was made of sterner stuff, recognizing that a ‘better’ agent was required. He was by then a medical student at Harvard and consulted, among others, his chemistry teacher, Dr. Charles Jackson. What part Jackson actually played in Morton’s decision to use ether by inhalation became the subject of great controversy, but there is no doubt that it was Morton who studied it, tested it in animals and then tried it in his patients. Having been successful with these trials he offered to demonstrate his method to Dr. John Warren, surgeon at the Massachusetts General Hospital, and was invited to do so on 16 October 1846. Before a large audience, Morton administered ether vapour to Gilbert Abbott before Warren removed a tumour from Abbott’s neck without any sign of distress. A new era had dawned.\n
      \n
      [www.rcoa.ac.uk/…/history-anaesthesia](https://www.rcoa.ac.uk/about-college/heritage/history-anaesthesia)
      """
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        \n
        Anything and everything goes. Memes, Jokes, Vents and Banter. Though we still have to comply with lemmy.world instance rules. So behave!\n
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        5. No Enciting Harassment,Brigading, Doxxing or Witch Hunts ___ -Do not Brigade other Communities -No calls to action against other communities/users within Lemmy or outside of Lemmy. -No Witch Hunts against users/communities. -No content that harasses members within or outside of the community. …\n
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        6. NSFW should be behind NSFW tags.___ -Content that is NSFW should be behind NSFW tags. -Content that might be distressing should be kept behind NSFW tags.\n
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      I generally don’t try to correct shitposts, but for some reason this one annoyed me because it’s only sort of true and the real truth is more interesting.\n
      \n
      > Shakespeare’s observation (from Cymbeline) explains why attempts to alleviate the pain of disease, injury or simple surgical procedures by producing unconsciousness are almost as old as civilization, although the techniques were crude. Most involved ingestion of ethanol and or herbal mixtures, but ‘knock-out’ blows to the head and bilateral carotid artery compression (carotid derives from the Greek for stupor) are also described. These methods were impossible to quantify, and the best that can be said of many is that they were harmlessly ineffective, but that is obviously not the case with head trauma or obstructing the flow of blood to the brain. Hypnotism, introduced as ‘animal magnetism’ or ‘Mesmerism’ in the latter part of the eighteenth century (depicted above), can be effective in susceptible individuals, but such people are relatively rare in developed societies.\n
      > \n
      > Most of the herbal mixtures were devised in Southern Europe or the Orient where plants with active alkaloids (e.g. opium) are indigenous, but one called ‘Dwale’ appears in medieval English texts. Although a number of drugs used in modern anaesthesia have their origins in substances found in plants those early concoctions are irrelevant to the development of effective, drug-induced anaesthesia. It stems from discoveries made in Britain during the latter half of the 18th century, the time of the ‘Enlightenment’. However, di-ethyl ether, the first agent to be demonstrated successfully in public, was originally synthesized (by the action of sulphuric acid on ethanol) in the thirteenth century. There are early reports of it producing both pain relief and loss of consciousness, but such observations were not applied clinically for centuries - examples of a recurring theme: clinical use of the effect did not follow until long after its original observation.\n
      \n
      And it isn’t even really true about using a gas as anaesthesia:\n
      \n
      > Davy’s ‘Researches, Chemical and Philosophical: Chiefly Concerning Nitrous Oxide’, published in 1799, describes two major effects of its inhalation: euphoria (he coined the term ‘laughing gas’) and analgesia (it eased the pain of his erupting wisdom tooth). Davy suggested inhalation of nitrous oxide during surgical operations, but this was not acted upon (that recurring theme again) though a slightly earlier event may indicate possible explanations. In 1784 a London surgeon, James Moore, published a description of nerve compression in producing numbness for limb surgery – most people have experienced this effect after falling asleep while lying on an arm. The method was used successfully for an amputation performed painlessly by John Hunter, the ‘father’ of modern surgery, yet there is no record of a repeat. Was it fear of complications, inconsistency of effect, or simply that minds were not yet attuned to the concept of surgery without pain?\n
      > \n
      > Davy went on to work at the Royal Institution in London, giving demonstrations of nitrous oxide and other discoveries of the age. In 1813, another scientist famous in later life, Michael Faraday, joined him as assistant and studied the inhalation of ether. He published his findings, which included soporific and analgesic effects, in 1818, but one subject had taken over 24 hours to recover full consciousness. Such an observation provides another explanation for failure to implement important observations – the difficulty of quantifying and controlling their effects.\n
      \n
      Then:\n
      \n
      > The story moves to the USA, specifically to Hartford, Connecticut on 10 December 1844, when Gardner Quincy Colton, a travelling showman, gave a demonstration of the latest discoveries, including inhalation of nitrous oxide. In the audience was Horace Wells, a local dentist who had mastered the art of using new materials to make dentures, and had sought ways of easing the pain of first removing the patient’s own rotten teeth. Here was a prepared mind, and Wells realized that he might have found a solution when a young man (one Samuel Cooley) who had inhaled the gas injured his shin without any apparent discomfort.\n
      \n
      …\n
      \n
      > Discussions led to an experiment the following morning during which Wells had one of his own teeth removed by a colleague, John Riggs, after Colton had administered the gas. Wells learned how to make nitrous oxide, and used it in his practice until he felt confident enough to demonstrate the technique at the nearest major medical centre, Boston. He gave a talk to a class of the Harvard Medical School and then administered the gas to one of them who, unfortunately for Wells, cried out when a tooth was removed. Even though the student remembered nothing Wells reacted badly (he was probably a manic depressive) to being dismissed as a charlatan and, although he continued to use nitrous oxide, he faded from the scene.\n
      > \n
      > However, William Morton, who had previously been both Wells’s student and later partner, had helped with the demonstration, and was made of sterner stuff, recognizing that a ‘better’ agent was required. He was by then a medical student at Harvard and consulted, among others, his chemistry teacher, Dr. Charles Jackson. What part Jackson actually played in Morton’s decision to use ether by inhalation became the subject of great controversy, but there is no doubt that it was Morton who studied it, tested it in animals and then tried it in his patients. Having been successful with these trials he offered to demonstrate his method to Dr. John Warren, surgeon at the Massachusetts General Hospital, and was invited to do so on 16 October 1846. Before a large audience, Morton administered ether vapour to Gilbert Abbott before Warren removed a tumour from Abbott’s neck without any sign of distress. A new era had dawned.\n
      \n
      [www.rcoa.ac.uk/…/history-anaesthesia](https://www.rcoa.ac.uk/about-college/heritage/history-anaesthesia)
      """
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  +body: "Thanks for this. I also just realized how much I miss reading and posting in /r/askhistorians."
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        Welcome to Lemmy Shitpost. Here you can shitpost to your hearts content.\n
        \n
        Anything and everything goes. Memes, Jokes, Vents and Banter. Though we still have to comply with lemmy.world instance rules. So behave!\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Rules:**\n
        ==========\n
        \n
        1. Be Respectful___ Refrain from using harmful language pertaining to a protected characteristic: e.g. race, gender, sexuality, disability or religion. Refrain from being argumentative when responding or commenting to posts/replies. Personal attacks are not welcome here. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        2. No Illegal Content___ Content that violates the law. Any post/comment found to be in breach of common law will be removed and given to the authorities if required. That means: -No promoting violence/threats against any individuals -No CSA content or Revenge Porn -No sharing private/personal information (Doxxing) …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        3. No Spam___ Posting the same post, no matter the intent is against the rules. -If you have posted content, please refrain from re-posting said content within this community. -Do not spam posts with intent to harass, annoy, bully, advertise, scam or harm this community. -No posting Scams/Advertisements/Phishing Links/IP Grabbers -No Bots, Bots will be banned from the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        4. No Porn/ExplicitContent ___ -Do not post explicit content. Lemmy.World is not the instance for NSFW content. -Do not post Gore or Shock Content. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        5. No Enciting Harassment,Brigading, Doxxing or Witch Hunts ___ -Do not Brigade other Communities -No calls to action against other communities/users within Lemmy or outside of Lemmy. -No Witch Hunts against users/communities. -No content that harasses members within or outside of the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        6. NSFW should be behind NSFW tags.___ -Content that is NSFW should be behind NSFW tags. -Content that might be distressing should be kept behind NSFW tags.\n
        \n
        …\n
        \n
        If you see content that is a breach of the rules, please flag and report the comment and a moderator will take action where they can.\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Also check out:**\n
        \n
        **Partnered Communities:**\n
        \n
        1.[Memes](/c/memes@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        2.[Lemmy Review](/c/lemmyreview@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        3.[Mildly Infuriating](/c/mildlyinfuriating@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        4.[Lemmy Be Wholesome](/c/lemmybewholesome@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        5.[No Stupid Questions](/c/nostupidquestions@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        6.[You Should Know](/c/youshouldknow@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        7.[Comedy Heaven](/c/comedyheaven@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        8.[Credible Defense](/c/credibledefense@sh.itjust.works)\n
        \n
        9.[Ten Forward](/c/tenforward@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        10.[LinuxMemes](/c/linuxmemes@lemmy.world) (Linux themed memes)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        Reach out to\n
        \n
        *All communities included on the sidebar are to be made in compliance with the instance rules.* [Striker](https://lemmy.world/u/STRIKINGdebate2)
        """
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      I generally don’t try to correct shitposts, but for some reason this one annoyed me because it’s only sort of true and the real truth is more interesting.\n
      \n
      > Shakespeare’s observation (from Cymbeline) explains why attempts to alleviate the pain of disease, injury or simple surgical procedures by producing unconsciousness are almost as old as civilization, although the techniques were crude. Most involved ingestion of ethanol and or herbal mixtures, but ‘knock-out’ blows to the head and bilateral carotid artery compression (carotid derives from the Greek for stupor) are also described. These methods were impossible to quantify, and the best that can be said of many is that they were harmlessly ineffective, but that is obviously not the case with head trauma or obstructing the flow of blood to the brain. Hypnotism, introduced as ‘animal magnetism’ or ‘Mesmerism’ in the latter part of the eighteenth century (depicted above), can be effective in susceptible individuals, but such people are relatively rare in developed societies.\n
      > \n
      > Most of the herbal mixtures were devised in Southern Europe or the Orient where plants with active alkaloids (e.g. opium) are indigenous, but one called ‘Dwale’ appears in medieval English texts. Although a number of drugs used in modern anaesthesia have their origins in substances found in plants those early concoctions are irrelevant to the development of effective, drug-induced anaesthesia. It stems from discoveries made in Britain during the latter half of the 18th century, the time of the ‘Enlightenment’. However, di-ethyl ether, the first agent to be demonstrated successfully in public, was originally synthesized (by the action of sulphuric acid on ethanol) in the thirteenth century. There are early reports of it producing both pain relief and loss of consciousness, but such observations were not applied clinically for centuries - examples of a recurring theme: clinical use of the effect did not follow until long after its original observation.\n
      \n
      And it isn’t even really true about using a gas as anaesthesia:\n
      \n
      > Davy’s ‘Researches, Chemical and Philosophical: Chiefly Concerning Nitrous Oxide’, published in 1799, describes two major effects of its inhalation: euphoria (he coined the term ‘laughing gas’) and analgesia (it eased the pain of his erupting wisdom tooth). Davy suggested inhalation of nitrous oxide during surgical operations, but this was not acted upon (that recurring theme again) though a slightly earlier event may indicate possible explanations. In 1784 a London surgeon, James Moore, published a description of nerve compression in producing numbness for limb surgery – most people have experienced this effect after falling asleep while lying on an arm. The method was used successfully for an amputation performed painlessly by John Hunter, the ‘father’ of modern surgery, yet there is no record of a repeat. Was it fear of complications, inconsistency of effect, or simply that minds were not yet attuned to the concept of surgery without pain?\n
      > \n
      > Davy went on to work at the Royal Institution in London, giving demonstrations of nitrous oxide and other discoveries of the age. In 1813, another scientist famous in later life, Michael Faraday, joined him as assistant and studied the inhalation of ether. He published his findings, which included soporific and analgesic effects, in 1818, but one subject had taken over 24 hours to recover full consciousness. Such an observation provides another explanation for failure to implement important observations – the difficulty of quantifying and controlling their effects.\n
      \n
      Then:\n
      \n
      > The story moves to the USA, specifically to Hartford, Connecticut on 10 December 1844, when Gardner Quincy Colton, a travelling showman, gave a demonstration of the latest discoveries, including inhalation of nitrous oxide. In the audience was Horace Wells, a local dentist who had mastered the art of using new materials to make dentures, and had sought ways of easing the pain of first removing the patient’s own rotten teeth. Here was a prepared mind, and Wells realized that he might have found a solution when a young man (one Samuel Cooley) who had inhaled the gas injured his shin without any apparent discomfort.\n
      \n
      …\n
      \n
      > Discussions led to an experiment the following morning during which Wells had one of his own teeth removed by a colleague, John Riggs, after Colton had administered the gas. Wells learned how to make nitrous oxide, and used it in his practice until he felt confident enough to demonstrate the technique at the nearest major medical centre, Boston. He gave a talk to a class of the Harvard Medical School and then administered the gas to one of them who, unfortunately for Wells, cried out when a tooth was removed. Even though the student remembered nothing Wells reacted badly (he was probably a manic depressive) to being dismissed as a charlatan and, although he continued to use nitrous oxide, he faded from the scene.\n
      > \n
      > However, William Morton, who had previously been both Wells’s student and later partner, had helped with the demonstration, and was made of sterner stuff, recognizing that a ‘better’ agent was required. He was by then a medical student at Harvard and consulted, among others, his chemistry teacher, Dr. Charles Jackson. What part Jackson actually played in Morton’s decision to use ether by inhalation became the subject of great controversy, but there is no doubt that it was Morton who studied it, tested it in animals and then tried it in his patients. Having been successful with these trials he offered to demonstrate his method to Dr. John Warren, surgeon at the Massachusetts General Hospital, and was invited to do so on 16 October 1846. Before a large audience, Morton administered ether vapour to Gilbert Abbott before Warren removed a tumour from Abbott’s neck without any sign of distress. A new era had dawned.\n
      \n
      [www.rcoa.ac.uk/…/history-anaesthesia](https://www.rcoa.ac.uk/about-college/heritage/history-anaesthesia)
      """
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  +body: "Thanks for this. I also just realized how much I miss reading and posting in /r/askhistorians."
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        Welcome to Lemmy Shitpost. Here you can shitpost to your hearts content.\n
        \n
        Anything and everything goes. Memes, Jokes, Vents and Banter. Though we still have to comply with lemmy.world instance rules. So behave!\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Rules:**\n
        ==========\n
        \n
        1. Be Respectful___ Refrain from using harmful language pertaining to a protected characteristic: e.g. race, gender, sexuality, disability or religion. Refrain from being argumentative when responding or commenting to posts/replies. Personal attacks are not welcome here. …\n
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        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        3. No Spam___ Posting the same post, no matter the intent is against the rules. -If you have posted content, please refrain from re-posting said content within this community. -Do not spam posts with intent to harass, annoy, bully, advertise, scam or harm this community. -No posting Scams/Advertisements/Phishing Links/IP Grabbers -No Bots, Bots will be banned from the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        4. No Porn/ExplicitContent ___ -Do not post explicit content. Lemmy.World is not the instance for NSFW content. -Do not post Gore or Shock Content. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        5. No Enciting Harassment,Brigading, Doxxing or Witch Hunts ___ -Do not Brigade other Communities -No calls to action against other communities/users within Lemmy or outside of Lemmy. -No Witch Hunts against users/communities. -No content that harasses members within or outside of the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        6. NSFW should be behind NSFW tags.___ -Content that is NSFW should be behind NSFW tags. -Content that might be distressing should be kept behind NSFW tags.\n
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        …\n
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        If you see content that is a breach of the rules, please flag and report the comment and a moderator will take action where they can.\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Also check out:**\n
        \n
        **Partnered Communities:**\n
        \n
        1.[Memes](/c/memes@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        2.[Lemmy Review](/c/lemmyreview@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        3.[Mildly Infuriating](/c/mildlyinfuriating@lemmy.world)\n
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        4.[Lemmy Be Wholesome](/c/lemmybewholesome@lemmy.world)\n
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        5.[No Stupid Questions](/c/nostupidquestions@lemmy.world)\n
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        6.[You Should Know](/c/youshouldknow@lemmy.world)\n
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        7.[Comedy Heaven](/c/comedyheaven@lemmy.world)\n
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        8.[Credible Defense](/c/credibledefense@sh.itjust.works)\n
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        9.[Ten Forward](/c/tenforward@lemmy.world)\n
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        10.[LinuxMemes](/c/linuxmemes@lemmy.world) (Linux themed memes)\n
        \n
        ---\n
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        Reach out to\n
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        *All communities included on the sidebar are to be made in compliance with the instance rules.* [Striker](https://lemmy.world/u/STRIKINGdebate2)
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      I generally don’t try to correct shitposts, but for some reason this one annoyed me because it’s only sort of true and the real truth is more interesting.\n
      \n
      > Shakespeare’s observation (from Cymbeline) explains why attempts to alleviate the pain of disease, injury or simple surgical procedures by producing unconsciousness are almost as old as civilization, although the techniques were crude. Most involved ingestion of ethanol and or herbal mixtures, but ‘knock-out’ blows to the head and bilateral carotid artery compression (carotid derives from the Greek for stupor) are also described. These methods were impossible to quantify, and the best that can be said of many is that they were harmlessly ineffective, but that is obviously not the case with head trauma or obstructing the flow of blood to the brain. Hypnotism, introduced as ‘animal magnetism’ or ‘Mesmerism’ in the latter part of the eighteenth century (depicted above), can be effective in susceptible individuals, but such people are relatively rare in developed societies.\n
      > \n
      > Most of the herbal mixtures were devised in Southern Europe or the Orient where plants with active alkaloids (e.g. opium) are indigenous, but one called ‘Dwale’ appears in medieval English texts. Although a number of drugs used in modern anaesthesia have their origins in substances found in plants those early concoctions are irrelevant to the development of effective, drug-induced anaesthesia. It stems from discoveries made in Britain during the latter half of the 18th century, the time of the ‘Enlightenment’. However, di-ethyl ether, the first agent to be demonstrated successfully in public, was originally synthesized (by the action of sulphuric acid on ethanol) in the thirteenth century. There are early reports of it producing both pain relief and loss of consciousness, but such observations were not applied clinically for centuries - examples of a recurring theme: clinical use of the effect did not follow until long after its original observation.\n
      \n
      And it isn’t even really true about using a gas as anaesthesia:\n
      \n
      > Davy’s ‘Researches, Chemical and Philosophical: Chiefly Concerning Nitrous Oxide’, published in 1799, describes two major effects of its inhalation: euphoria (he coined the term ‘laughing gas’) and analgesia (it eased the pain of his erupting wisdom tooth). Davy suggested inhalation of nitrous oxide during surgical operations, but this was not acted upon (that recurring theme again) though a slightly earlier event may indicate possible explanations. In 1784 a London surgeon, James Moore, published a description of nerve compression in producing numbness for limb surgery – most people have experienced this effect after falling asleep while lying on an arm. The method was used successfully for an amputation performed painlessly by John Hunter, the ‘father’ of modern surgery, yet there is no record of a repeat. Was it fear of complications, inconsistency of effect, or simply that minds were not yet attuned to the concept of surgery without pain?\n
      > \n
      > Davy went on to work at the Royal Institution in London, giving demonstrations of nitrous oxide and other discoveries of the age. In 1813, another scientist famous in later life, Michael Faraday, joined him as assistant and studied the inhalation of ether. He published his findings, which included soporific and analgesic effects, in 1818, but one subject had taken over 24 hours to recover full consciousness. Such an observation provides another explanation for failure to implement important observations – the difficulty of quantifying and controlling their effects.\n
      \n
      Then:\n
      \n
      > The story moves to the USA, specifically to Hartford, Connecticut on 10 December 1844, when Gardner Quincy Colton, a travelling showman, gave a demonstration of the latest discoveries, including inhalation of nitrous oxide. In the audience was Horace Wells, a local dentist who had mastered the art of using new materials to make dentures, and had sought ways of easing the pain of first removing the patient’s own rotten teeth. Here was a prepared mind, and Wells realized that he might have found a solution when a young man (one Samuel Cooley) who had inhaled the gas injured his shin without any apparent discomfort.\n
      \n
      …\n
      \n
      > Discussions led to an experiment the following morning during which Wells had one of his own teeth removed by a colleague, John Riggs, after Colton had administered the gas. Wells learned how to make nitrous oxide, and used it in his practice until he felt confident enough to demonstrate the technique at the nearest major medical centre, Boston. He gave a talk to a class of the Harvard Medical School and then administered the gas to one of them who, unfortunately for Wells, cried out when a tooth was removed. Even though the student remembered nothing Wells reacted badly (he was probably a manic depressive) to being dismissed as a charlatan and, although he continued to use nitrous oxide, he faded from the scene.\n
      > \n
      > However, William Morton, who had previously been both Wells’s student and later partner, had helped with the demonstration, and was made of sterner stuff, recognizing that a ‘better’ agent was required. He was by then a medical student at Harvard and consulted, among others, his chemistry teacher, Dr. Charles Jackson. What part Jackson actually played in Morton’s decision to use ether by inhalation became the subject of great controversy, but there is no doubt that it was Morton who studied it, tested it in animals and then tried it in his patients. Having been successful with these trials he offered to demonstrate his method to Dr. John Warren, surgeon at the Massachusetts General Hospital, and was invited to do so on 16 October 1846. Before a large audience, Morton administered ether vapour to Gilbert Abbott before Warren removed a tumour from Abbott’s neck without any sign of distress. A new era had dawned.\n
      \n
      [www.rcoa.ac.uk/…/history-anaesthesia](https://www.rcoa.ac.uk/about-college/heritage/history-anaesthesia)
      """
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        Welcome to Lemmy Shitpost. Here you can shitpost to your hearts content.\n
        \n
        Anything and everything goes. Memes, Jokes, Vents and Banter. Though we still have to comply with lemmy.world instance rules. So behave!\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Rules:**\n
        ==========\n
        \n
        1. Be Respectful___ Refrain from using harmful language pertaining to a protected characteristic: e.g. race, gender, sexuality, disability or religion. Refrain from being argumentative when responding or commenting to posts/replies. Personal attacks are not welcome here. …\n
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        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        3. No Spam___ Posting the same post, no matter the intent is against the rules. -If you have posted content, please refrain from re-posting said content within this community. -Do not spam posts with intent to harass, annoy, bully, advertise, scam or harm this community. -No posting Scams/Advertisements/Phishing Links/IP Grabbers -No Bots, Bots will be banned from the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        4. No Porn/ExplicitContent ___ -Do not post explicit content. Lemmy.World is not the instance for NSFW content. -Do not post Gore or Shock Content. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        5. No Enciting Harassment,Brigading, Doxxing or Witch Hunts ___ -Do not Brigade other Communities -No calls to action against other communities/users within Lemmy or outside of Lemmy. -No Witch Hunts against users/communities. -No content that harasses members within or outside of the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
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        6. NSFW should be behind NSFW tags.___ -Content that is NSFW should be behind NSFW tags. -Content that might be distressing should be kept behind NSFW tags.\n
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        …\n
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        If you see content that is a breach of the rules, please flag and report the comment and a moderator will take action where they can.\n
        \n
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        \n
        **Also check out:**\n
        \n
        **Partnered Communities:**\n
        \n
        1.[Memes](/c/memes@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        2.[Lemmy Review](/c/lemmyreview@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        3.[Mildly Infuriating](/c/mildlyinfuriating@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        4.[Lemmy Be Wholesome](/c/lemmybewholesome@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        5.[No Stupid Questions](/c/nostupidquestions@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        6.[You Should Know](/c/youshouldknow@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        7.[Comedy Heaven](/c/comedyheaven@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        8.[Credible Defense](/c/credibledefense@sh.itjust.works)\n
        \n
        9.[Ten Forward](/c/tenforward@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        10.[LinuxMemes](/c/linuxmemes@lemmy.world) (Linux themed memes)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        Reach out to\n
        \n
        *All communities included on the sidebar are to be made in compliance with the instance rules.* [Striker](https://lemmy.world/u/STRIKINGdebate2)
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      I generally don’t try to correct shitposts, but for some reason this one annoyed me because it’s only sort of true and the real truth is more interesting.\n
      \n
      > Shakespeare’s observation (from Cymbeline) explains why attempts to alleviate the pain of disease, injury or simple surgical procedures by producing unconsciousness are almost as old as civilization, although the techniques were crude. Most involved ingestion of ethanol and or herbal mixtures, but ‘knock-out’ blows to the head and bilateral carotid artery compression (carotid derives from the Greek for stupor) are also described. These methods were impossible to quantify, and the best that can be said of many is that they were harmlessly ineffective, but that is obviously not the case with head trauma or obstructing the flow of blood to the brain. Hypnotism, introduced as ‘animal magnetism’ or ‘Mesmerism’ in the latter part of the eighteenth century (depicted above), can be effective in susceptible individuals, but such people are relatively rare in developed societies.\n
      > \n
      > Most of the herbal mixtures were devised in Southern Europe or the Orient where plants with active alkaloids (e.g. opium) are indigenous, but one called ‘Dwale’ appears in medieval English texts. Although a number of drugs used in modern anaesthesia have their origins in substances found in plants those early concoctions are irrelevant to the development of effective, drug-induced anaesthesia. It stems from discoveries made in Britain during the latter half of the 18th century, the time of the ‘Enlightenment’. However, di-ethyl ether, the first agent to be demonstrated successfully in public, was originally synthesized (by the action of sulphuric acid on ethanol) in the thirteenth century. There are early reports of it producing both pain relief and loss of consciousness, but such observations were not applied clinically for centuries - examples of a recurring theme: clinical use of the effect did not follow until long after its original observation.\n
      \n
      And it isn’t even really true about using a gas as anaesthesia:\n
      \n
      > Davy’s ‘Researches, Chemical and Philosophical: Chiefly Concerning Nitrous Oxide’, published in 1799, describes two major effects of its inhalation: euphoria (he coined the term ‘laughing gas’) and analgesia (it eased the pain of his erupting wisdom tooth). Davy suggested inhalation of nitrous oxide during surgical operations, but this was not acted upon (that recurring theme again) though a slightly earlier event may indicate possible explanations. In 1784 a London surgeon, James Moore, published a description of nerve compression in producing numbness for limb surgery – most people have experienced this effect after falling asleep while lying on an arm. The method was used successfully for an amputation performed painlessly by John Hunter, the ‘father’ of modern surgery, yet there is no record of a repeat. Was it fear of complications, inconsistency of effect, or simply that minds were not yet attuned to the concept of surgery without pain?\n
      > \n
      > Davy went on to work at the Royal Institution in London, giving demonstrations of nitrous oxide and other discoveries of the age. In 1813, another scientist famous in later life, Michael Faraday, joined him as assistant and studied the inhalation of ether. He published his findings, which included soporific and analgesic effects, in 1818, but one subject had taken over 24 hours to recover full consciousness. Such an observation provides another explanation for failure to implement important observations – the difficulty of quantifying and controlling their effects.\n
      \n
      Then:\n
      \n
      > The story moves to the USA, specifically to Hartford, Connecticut on 10 December 1844, when Gardner Quincy Colton, a travelling showman, gave a demonstration of the latest discoveries, including inhalation of nitrous oxide. In the audience was Horace Wells, a local dentist who had mastered the art of using new materials to make dentures, and had sought ways of easing the pain of first removing the patient’s own rotten teeth. Here was a prepared mind, and Wells realized that he might have found a solution when a young man (one Samuel Cooley) who had inhaled the gas injured his shin without any apparent discomfort.\n
      \n
      …\n
      \n
      > Discussions led to an experiment the following morning during which Wells had one of his own teeth removed by a colleague, John Riggs, after Colton had administered the gas. Wells learned how to make nitrous oxide, and used it in his practice until he felt confident enough to demonstrate the technique at the nearest major medical centre, Boston. He gave a talk to a class of the Harvard Medical School and then administered the gas to one of them who, unfortunately for Wells, cried out when a tooth was removed. Even though the student remembered nothing Wells reacted badly (he was probably a manic depressive) to being dismissed as a charlatan and, although he continued to use nitrous oxide, he faded from the scene.\n
      > \n
      > However, William Morton, who had previously been both Wells’s student and later partner, had helped with the demonstration, and was made of sterner stuff, recognizing that a ‘better’ agent was required. He was by then a medical student at Harvard and consulted, among others, his chemistry teacher, Dr. Charles Jackson. What part Jackson actually played in Morton’s decision to use ether by inhalation became the subject of great controversy, but there is no doubt that it was Morton who studied it, tested it in animals and then tried it in his patients. Having been successful with these trials he offered to demonstrate his method to Dr. John Warren, surgeon at the Massachusetts General Hospital, and was invited to do so on 16 October 1846. Before a large audience, Morton administered ether vapour to Gilbert Abbott before Warren removed a tumour from Abbott’s neck without any sign of distress. A new era had dawned.\n
      \n
      [www.rcoa.ac.uk/…/history-anaesthesia](https://www.rcoa.ac.uk/about-college/heritage/history-anaesthesia)
      """
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        Welcome to Lemmy Shitpost. Here you can shitpost to your hearts content.\n
        \n
        Anything and everything goes. Memes, Jokes, Vents and Banter. Though we still have to comply with lemmy.world instance rules. So behave!\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Rules:**\n
        ==========\n
        \n
        1. Be Respectful___ Refrain from using harmful language pertaining to a protected characteristic: e.g. race, gender, sexuality, disability or religion. Refrain from being argumentative when responding or commenting to posts/replies. Personal attacks are not welcome here. …\n
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        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        3. No Spam___ Posting the same post, no matter the intent is against the rules. -If you have posted content, please refrain from re-posting said content within this community. -Do not spam posts with intent to harass, annoy, bully, advertise, scam or harm this community. -No posting Scams/Advertisements/Phishing Links/IP Grabbers -No Bots, Bots will be banned from the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        4. No Porn/ExplicitContent ___ -Do not post explicit content. Lemmy.World is not the instance for NSFW content. -Do not post Gore or Shock Content. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        5. No Enciting Harassment,Brigading, Doxxing or Witch Hunts ___ -Do not Brigade other Communities -No calls to action against other communities/users within Lemmy or outside of Lemmy. -No Witch Hunts against users/communities. -No content that harasses members within or outside of the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        6. NSFW should be behind NSFW tags.___ -Content that is NSFW should be behind NSFW tags. -Content that might be distressing should be kept behind NSFW tags.\n
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        …\n
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        If you see content that is a breach of the rules, please flag and report the comment and a moderator will take action where they can.\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Also check out:**\n
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        **Partnered Communities:**\n
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        1.[Memes](/c/memes@lemmy.world)\n
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        2.[Lemmy Review](/c/lemmyreview@lemmy.world)\n
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        10.[LinuxMemes](/c/linuxmemes@lemmy.world) (Linux themed memes)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        Reach out to\n
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        *All communities included on the sidebar are to be made in compliance with the instance rules.* [Striker](https://lemmy.world/u/STRIKINGdebate2)
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      I generally don’t try to correct shitposts, but for some reason this one annoyed me because it’s only sort of true and the real truth is more interesting.\n
      \n
      > Shakespeare’s observation (from Cymbeline) explains why attempts to alleviate the pain of disease, injury or simple surgical procedures by producing unconsciousness are almost as old as civilization, although the techniques were crude. Most involved ingestion of ethanol and or herbal mixtures, but ‘knock-out’ blows to the head and bilateral carotid artery compression (carotid derives from the Greek for stupor) are also described. These methods were impossible to quantify, and the best that can be said of many is that they were harmlessly ineffective, but that is obviously not the case with head trauma or obstructing the flow of blood to the brain. Hypnotism, introduced as ‘animal magnetism’ or ‘Mesmerism’ in the latter part of the eighteenth century (depicted above), can be effective in susceptible individuals, but such people are relatively rare in developed societies.\n
      > \n
      > Most of the herbal mixtures were devised in Southern Europe or the Orient where plants with active alkaloids (e.g. opium) are indigenous, but one called ‘Dwale’ appears in medieval English texts. Although a number of drugs used in modern anaesthesia have their origins in substances found in plants those early concoctions are irrelevant to the development of effective, drug-induced anaesthesia. It stems from discoveries made in Britain during the latter half of the 18th century, the time of the ‘Enlightenment’. However, di-ethyl ether, the first agent to be demonstrated successfully in public, was originally synthesized (by the action of sulphuric acid on ethanol) in the thirteenth century. There are early reports of it producing both pain relief and loss of consciousness, but such observations were not applied clinically for centuries - examples of a recurring theme: clinical use of the effect did not follow until long after its original observation.\n
      \n
      And it isn’t even really true about using a gas as anaesthesia:\n
      \n
      > Davy’s ‘Researches, Chemical and Philosophical: Chiefly Concerning Nitrous Oxide’, published in 1799, describes two major effects of its inhalation: euphoria (he coined the term ‘laughing gas’) and analgesia (it eased the pain of his erupting wisdom tooth). Davy suggested inhalation of nitrous oxide during surgical operations, but this was not acted upon (that recurring theme again) though a slightly earlier event may indicate possible explanations. In 1784 a London surgeon, James Moore, published a description of nerve compression in producing numbness for limb surgery – most people have experienced this effect after falling asleep while lying on an arm. The method was used successfully for an amputation performed painlessly by John Hunter, the ‘father’ of modern surgery, yet there is no record of a repeat. Was it fear of complications, inconsistency of effect, or simply that minds were not yet attuned to the concept of surgery without pain?\n
      > \n
      > Davy went on to work at the Royal Institution in London, giving demonstrations of nitrous oxide and other discoveries of the age. In 1813, another scientist famous in later life, Michael Faraday, joined him as assistant and studied the inhalation of ether. He published his findings, which included soporific and analgesic effects, in 1818, but one subject had taken over 24 hours to recover full consciousness. Such an observation provides another explanation for failure to implement important observations – the difficulty of quantifying and controlling their effects.\n
      \n
      Then:\n
      \n
      > The story moves to the USA, specifically to Hartford, Connecticut on 10 December 1844, when Gardner Quincy Colton, a travelling showman, gave a demonstration of the latest discoveries, including inhalation of nitrous oxide. In the audience was Horace Wells, a local dentist who had mastered the art of using new materials to make dentures, and had sought ways of easing the pain of first removing the patient’s own rotten teeth. Here was a prepared mind, and Wells realized that he might have found a solution when a young man (one Samuel Cooley) who had inhaled the gas injured his shin without any apparent discomfort.\n
      \n
      …\n
      \n
      > Discussions led to an experiment the following morning during which Wells had one of his own teeth removed by a colleague, John Riggs, after Colton had administered the gas. Wells learned how to make nitrous oxide, and used it in his practice until he felt confident enough to demonstrate the technique at the nearest major medical centre, Boston. He gave a talk to a class of the Harvard Medical School and then administered the gas to one of them who, unfortunately for Wells, cried out when a tooth was removed. Even though the student remembered nothing Wells reacted badly (he was probably a manic depressive) to being dismissed as a charlatan and, although he continued to use nitrous oxide, he faded from the scene.\n
      > \n
      > However, William Morton, who had previously been both Wells’s student and later partner, had helped with the demonstration, and was made of sterner stuff, recognizing that a ‘better’ agent was required. He was by then a medical student at Harvard and consulted, among others, his chemistry teacher, Dr. Charles Jackson. What part Jackson actually played in Morton’s decision to use ether by inhalation became the subject of great controversy, but there is no doubt that it was Morton who studied it, tested it in animals and then tried it in his patients. Having been successful with these trials he offered to demonstrate his method to Dr. John Warren, surgeon at the Massachusetts General Hospital, and was invited to do so on 16 October 1846. Before a large audience, Morton administered ether vapour to Gilbert Abbott before Warren removed a tumour from Abbott’s neck without any sign of distress. A new era had dawned.\n
      \n
      [www.rcoa.ac.uk/…/history-anaesthesia](https://www.rcoa.ac.uk/about-college/heritage/history-anaesthesia)
      """
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        Welcome to Lemmy Shitpost. Here you can shitpost to your hearts content.\n
        \n
        Anything and everything goes. Memes, Jokes, Vents and Banter. Though we still have to comply with lemmy.world instance rules. So behave!\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Rules:**\n
        ==========\n
        \n
        1. Be Respectful___ Refrain from using harmful language pertaining to a protected characteristic: e.g. race, gender, sexuality, disability or religion. Refrain from being argumentative when responding or commenting to posts/replies. Personal attacks are not welcome here. …\n
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        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        3. No Spam___ Posting the same post, no matter the intent is against the rules. -If you have posted content, please refrain from re-posting said content within this community. -Do not spam posts with intent to harass, annoy, bully, advertise, scam or harm this community. -No posting Scams/Advertisements/Phishing Links/IP Grabbers -No Bots, Bots will be banned from the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        4. No Porn/ExplicitContent ___ -Do not post explicit content. Lemmy.World is not the instance for NSFW content. -Do not post Gore or Shock Content. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        5. No Enciting Harassment,Brigading, Doxxing or Witch Hunts ___ -Do not Brigade other Communities -No calls to action against other communities/users within Lemmy or outside of Lemmy. -No Witch Hunts against users/communities. -No content that harasses members within or outside of the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        6. NSFW should be behind NSFW tags.___ -Content that is NSFW should be behind NSFW tags. -Content that might be distressing should be kept behind NSFW tags.\n
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        …\n
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        If you see content that is a breach of the rules, please flag and report the comment and a moderator will take action where they can.\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Also check out:**\n
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        **Partnered Communities:**\n
        \n
        1.[Memes](/c/memes@lemmy.world)\n
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        2.[Lemmy Review](/c/lemmyreview@lemmy.world)\n
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        3.[Mildly Infuriating](/c/mildlyinfuriating@lemmy.world)\n
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        4.[Lemmy Be Wholesome](/c/lemmybewholesome@lemmy.world)\n
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        5.[No Stupid Questions](/c/nostupidquestions@lemmy.world)\n
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        6.[You Should Know](/c/youshouldknow@lemmy.world)\n
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        7.[Comedy Heaven](/c/comedyheaven@lemmy.world)\n
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        8.[Credible Defense](/c/credibledefense@sh.itjust.works)\n
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        9.[Ten Forward](/c/tenforward@lemmy.world)\n
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        10.[LinuxMemes](/c/linuxmemes@lemmy.world) (Linux themed memes)\n
        \n
        ---\n
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        Reach out to\n
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        *All communities included on the sidebar are to be made in compliance with the instance rules.* [Striker](https://lemmy.world/u/STRIKINGdebate2)
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      I generally don’t try to correct shitposts, but for some reason this one annoyed me because it’s only sort of true and the real truth is more interesting.\n
      \n
      > Shakespeare’s observation (from Cymbeline) explains why attempts to alleviate the pain of disease, injury or simple surgical procedures by producing unconsciousness are almost as old as civilization, although the techniques were crude. Most involved ingestion of ethanol and or herbal mixtures, but ‘knock-out’ blows to the head and bilateral carotid artery compression (carotid derives from the Greek for stupor) are also described. These methods were impossible to quantify, and the best that can be said of many is that they were harmlessly ineffective, but that is obviously not the case with head trauma or obstructing the flow of blood to the brain. Hypnotism, introduced as ‘animal magnetism’ or ‘Mesmerism’ in the latter part of the eighteenth century (depicted above), can be effective in susceptible individuals, but such people are relatively rare in developed societies.\n
      > \n
      > Most of the herbal mixtures were devised in Southern Europe or the Orient where plants with active alkaloids (e.g. opium) are indigenous, but one called ‘Dwale’ appears in medieval English texts. Although a number of drugs used in modern anaesthesia have their origins in substances found in plants those early concoctions are irrelevant to the development of effective, drug-induced anaesthesia. It stems from discoveries made in Britain during the latter half of the 18th century, the time of the ‘Enlightenment’. However, di-ethyl ether, the first agent to be demonstrated successfully in public, was originally synthesized (by the action of sulphuric acid on ethanol) in the thirteenth century. There are early reports of it producing both pain relief and loss of consciousness, but such observations were not applied clinically for centuries - examples of a recurring theme: clinical use of the effect did not follow until long after its original observation.\n
      \n
      And it isn’t even really true about using a gas as anaesthesia:\n
      \n
      > Davy’s ‘Researches, Chemical and Philosophical: Chiefly Concerning Nitrous Oxide’, published in 1799, describes two major effects of its inhalation: euphoria (he coined the term ‘laughing gas’) and analgesia (it eased the pain of his erupting wisdom tooth). Davy suggested inhalation of nitrous oxide during surgical operations, but this was not acted upon (that recurring theme again) though a slightly earlier event may indicate possible explanations. In 1784 a London surgeon, James Moore, published a description of nerve compression in producing numbness for limb surgery – most people have experienced this effect after falling asleep while lying on an arm. The method was used successfully for an amputation performed painlessly by John Hunter, the ‘father’ of modern surgery, yet there is no record of a repeat. Was it fear of complications, inconsistency of effect, or simply that minds were not yet attuned to the concept of surgery without pain?\n
      > \n
      > Davy went on to work at the Royal Institution in London, giving demonstrations of nitrous oxide and other discoveries of the age. In 1813, another scientist famous in later life, Michael Faraday, joined him as assistant and studied the inhalation of ether. He published his findings, which included soporific and analgesic effects, in 1818, but one subject had taken over 24 hours to recover full consciousness. Such an observation provides another explanation for failure to implement important observations – the difficulty of quantifying and controlling their effects.\n
      \n
      Then:\n
      \n
      > The story moves to the USA, specifically to Hartford, Connecticut on 10 December 1844, when Gardner Quincy Colton, a travelling showman, gave a demonstration of the latest discoveries, including inhalation of nitrous oxide. In the audience was Horace Wells, a local dentist who had mastered the art of using new materials to make dentures, and had sought ways of easing the pain of first removing the patient’s own rotten teeth. Here was a prepared mind, and Wells realized that he might have found a solution when a young man (one Samuel Cooley) who had inhaled the gas injured his shin without any apparent discomfort.\n
      \n
      …\n
      \n
      > Discussions led to an experiment the following morning during which Wells had one of his own teeth removed by a colleague, John Riggs, after Colton had administered the gas. Wells learned how to make nitrous oxide, and used it in his practice until he felt confident enough to demonstrate the technique at the nearest major medical centre, Boston. He gave a talk to a class of the Harvard Medical School and then administered the gas to one of them who, unfortunately for Wells, cried out when a tooth was removed. Even though the student remembered nothing Wells reacted badly (he was probably a manic depressive) to being dismissed as a charlatan and, although he continued to use nitrous oxide, he faded from the scene.\n
      > \n
      > However, William Morton, who had previously been both Wells’s student and later partner, had helped with the demonstration, and was made of sterner stuff, recognizing that a ‘better’ agent was required. He was by then a medical student at Harvard and consulted, among others, his chemistry teacher, Dr. Charles Jackson. What part Jackson actually played in Morton’s decision to use ether by inhalation became the subject of great controversy, but there is no doubt that it was Morton who studied it, tested it in animals and then tried it in his patients. Having been successful with these trials he offered to demonstrate his method to Dr. John Warren, surgeon at the Massachusetts General Hospital, and was invited to do so on 16 October 1846. Before a large audience, Morton administered ether vapour to Gilbert Abbott before Warren removed a tumour from Abbott’s neck without any sign of distress. A new era had dawned.\n
      \n
      [www.rcoa.ac.uk/…/history-anaesthesia](https://www.rcoa.ac.uk/about-college/heritage/history-anaesthesia)
      """
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  +body: "Another fun fact is that using ether during childbirth was forbidden by church for a long time because bible specifically says that giving birth in pain is God’s punishment."
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      +name: "lemmyshitpost@lemmy.world"
      +title: "lemmyshitpost"
      +description: """
        Welcome to Lemmy Shitpost. Here you can shitpost to your hearts content.\n
        \n
        Anything and everything goes. Memes, Jokes, Vents and Banter. Though we still have to comply with lemmy.world instance rules. So behave!\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Rules:**\n
        ==========\n
        \n
        1. Be Respectful___ Refrain from using harmful language pertaining to a protected characteristic: e.g. race, gender, sexuality, disability or religion. Refrain from being argumentative when responding or commenting to posts/replies. Personal attacks are not welcome here. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        2. No Illegal Content___ Content that violates the law. Any post/comment found to be in breach of common law will be removed and given to the authorities if required. That means: -No promoting violence/threats against any individuals -No CSA content or Revenge Porn -No sharing private/personal information (Doxxing) …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        3. No Spam___ Posting the same post, no matter the intent is against the rules. -If you have posted content, please refrain from re-posting said content within this community. -Do not spam posts with intent to harass, annoy, bully, advertise, scam or harm this community. -No posting Scams/Advertisements/Phishing Links/IP Grabbers -No Bots, Bots will be banned from the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        4. No Porn/ExplicitContent ___ -Do not post explicit content. Lemmy.World is not the instance for NSFW content. -Do not post Gore or Shock Content. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        5. No Enciting Harassment,Brigading, Doxxing or Witch Hunts ___ -Do not Brigade other Communities -No calls to action against other communities/users within Lemmy or outside of Lemmy. -No Witch Hunts against users/communities. -No content that harasses members within or outside of the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        6. NSFW should be behind NSFW tags.___ -Content that is NSFW should be behind NSFW tags. -Content that might be distressing should be kept behind NSFW tags.\n
        \n
        …\n
        \n
        If you see content that is a breach of the rules, please flag and report the comment and a moderator will take action where they can.\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Also check out:**\n
        \n
        **Partnered Communities:**\n
        \n
        1.[Memes](/c/memes@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        2.[Lemmy Review](/c/lemmyreview@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        3.[Mildly Infuriating](/c/mildlyinfuriating@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        4.[Lemmy Be Wholesome](/c/lemmybewholesome@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        5.[No Stupid Questions](/c/nostupidquestions@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        6.[You Should Know](/c/youshouldknow@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        7.[Comedy Heaven](/c/comedyheaven@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        8.[Credible Defense](/c/credibledefense@sh.itjust.works)\n
        \n
        9.[Ten Forward](/c/tenforward@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        10.[LinuxMemes](/c/linuxmemes@lemmy.world) (Linux themed memes)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        Reach out to\n
        \n
        *All communities included on the sidebar are to be made in compliance with the instance rules.* [Striker](https://lemmy.world/u/STRIKINGdebate2)
        """
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      I generally don’t try to correct shitposts, but for some reason this one annoyed me because it’s only sort of true and the real truth is more interesting.\n
      \n
      > Shakespeare’s observation (from Cymbeline) explains why attempts to alleviate the pain of disease, injury or simple surgical procedures by producing unconsciousness are almost as old as civilization, although the techniques were crude. Most involved ingestion of ethanol and or herbal mixtures, but ‘knock-out’ blows to the head and bilateral carotid artery compression (carotid derives from the Greek for stupor) are also described. These methods were impossible to quantify, and the best that can be said of many is that they were harmlessly ineffective, but that is obviously not the case with head trauma or obstructing the flow of blood to the brain. Hypnotism, introduced as ‘animal magnetism’ or ‘Mesmerism’ in the latter part of the eighteenth century (depicted above), can be effective in susceptible individuals, but such people are relatively rare in developed societies.\n
      > \n
      > Most of the herbal mixtures were devised in Southern Europe or the Orient where plants with active alkaloids (e.g. opium) are indigenous, but one called ‘Dwale’ appears in medieval English texts. Although a number of drugs used in modern anaesthesia have their origins in substances found in plants those early concoctions are irrelevant to the development of effective, drug-induced anaesthesia. It stems from discoveries made in Britain during the latter half of the 18th century, the time of the ‘Enlightenment’. However, di-ethyl ether, the first agent to be demonstrated successfully in public, was originally synthesized (by the action of sulphuric acid on ethanol) in the thirteenth century. There are early reports of it producing both pain relief and loss of consciousness, but such observations were not applied clinically for centuries - examples of a recurring theme: clinical use of the effect did not follow until long after its original observation.\n
      \n
      And it isn’t even really true about using a gas as anaesthesia:\n
      \n
      > Davy’s ‘Researches, Chemical and Philosophical: Chiefly Concerning Nitrous Oxide’, published in 1799, describes two major effects of its inhalation: euphoria (he coined the term ‘laughing gas’) and analgesia (it eased the pain of his erupting wisdom tooth). Davy suggested inhalation of nitrous oxide during surgical operations, but this was not acted upon (that recurring theme again) though a slightly earlier event may indicate possible explanations. In 1784 a London surgeon, James Moore, published a description of nerve compression in producing numbness for limb surgery – most people have experienced this effect after falling asleep while lying on an arm. The method was used successfully for an amputation performed painlessly by John Hunter, the ‘father’ of modern surgery, yet there is no record of a repeat. Was it fear of complications, inconsistency of effect, or simply that minds were not yet attuned to the concept of surgery without pain?\n
      > \n
      > Davy went on to work at the Royal Institution in London, giving demonstrations of nitrous oxide and other discoveries of the age. In 1813, another scientist famous in later life, Michael Faraday, joined him as assistant and studied the inhalation of ether. He published his findings, which included soporific and analgesic effects, in 1818, but one subject had taken over 24 hours to recover full consciousness. Such an observation provides another explanation for failure to implement important observations – the difficulty of quantifying and controlling their effects.\n
      \n
      Then:\n
      \n
      > The story moves to the USA, specifically to Hartford, Connecticut on 10 December 1844, when Gardner Quincy Colton, a travelling showman, gave a demonstration of the latest discoveries, including inhalation of nitrous oxide. In the audience was Horace Wells, a local dentist who had mastered the art of using new materials to make dentures, and had sought ways of easing the pain of first removing the patient’s own rotten teeth. Here was a prepared mind, and Wells realized that he might have found a solution when a young man (one Samuel Cooley) who had inhaled the gas injured his shin without any apparent discomfort.\n
      \n
      …\n
      \n
      > Discussions led to an experiment the following morning during which Wells had one of his own teeth removed by a colleague, John Riggs, after Colton had administered the gas. Wells learned how to make nitrous oxide, and used it in his practice until he felt confident enough to demonstrate the technique at the nearest major medical centre, Boston. He gave a talk to a class of the Harvard Medical School and then administered the gas to one of them who, unfortunately for Wells, cried out when a tooth was removed. Even though the student remembered nothing Wells reacted badly (he was probably a manic depressive) to being dismissed as a charlatan and, although he continued to use nitrous oxide, he faded from the scene.\n
      > \n
      > However, William Morton, who had previously been both Wells’s student and later partner, had helped with the demonstration, and was made of sterner stuff, recognizing that a ‘better’ agent was required. He was by then a medical student at Harvard and consulted, among others, his chemistry teacher, Dr. Charles Jackson. What part Jackson actually played in Morton’s decision to use ether by inhalation became the subject of great controversy, but there is no doubt that it was Morton who studied it, tested it in animals and then tried it in his patients. Having been successful with these trials he offered to demonstrate his method to Dr. John Warren, surgeon at the Massachusetts General Hospital, and was invited to do so on 16 October 1846. Before a large audience, Morton administered ether vapour to Gilbert Abbott before Warren removed a tumour from Abbott’s neck without any sign of distress. A new era had dawned.\n
      \n
      [www.rcoa.ac.uk/…/history-anaesthesia](https://www.rcoa.ac.uk/about-college/heritage/history-anaesthesia)
      """
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  +body: "Another fun fact is that using ether during childbirth was forbidden by church for a long time because bible specifically says that giving birth in pain is God’s punishment."
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36 DENIED moderate 
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      +description: """
        Welcome to Lemmy Shitpost. Here you can shitpost to your hearts content.\n
        \n
        Anything and everything goes. Memes, Jokes, Vents and Banter. Though we still have to comply with lemmy.world instance rules. So behave!\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Rules:**\n
        ==========\n
        \n
        1. Be Respectful___ Refrain from using harmful language pertaining to a protected characteristic: e.g. race, gender, sexuality, disability or religion. Refrain from being argumentative when responding or commenting to posts/replies. Personal attacks are not welcome here. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        2. No Illegal Content___ Content that violates the law. Any post/comment found to be in breach of common law will be removed and given to the authorities if required. That means: -No promoting violence/threats against any individuals -No CSA content or Revenge Porn -No sharing private/personal information (Doxxing) …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        3. No Spam___ Posting the same post, no matter the intent is against the rules. -If you have posted content, please refrain from re-posting said content within this community. -Do not spam posts with intent to harass, annoy, bully, advertise, scam or harm this community. -No posting Scams/Advertisements/Phishing Links/IP Grabbers -No Bots, Bots will be banned from the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        4. No Porn/ExplicitContent ___ -Do not post explicit content. Lemmy.World is not the instance for NSFW content. -Do not post Gore or Shock Content. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        5. No Enciting Harassment,Brigading, Doxxing or Witch Hunts ___ -Do not Brigade other Communities -No calls to action against other communities/users within Lemmy or outside of Lemmy. -No Witch Hunts against users/communities. -No content that harasses members within or outside of the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        6. NSFW should be behind NSFW tags.___ -Content that is NSFW should be behind NSFW tags. -Content that might be distressing should be kept behind NSFW tags.\n
        \n
        …\n
        \n
        If you see content that is a breach of the rules, please flag and report the comment and a moderator will take action where they can.\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Also check out:**\n
        \n
        **Partnered Communities:**\n
        \n
        1.[Memes](/c/memes@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        2.[Lemmy Review](/c/lemmyreview@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        3.[Mildly Infuriating](/c/mildlyinfuriating@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        4.[Lemmy Be Wholesome](/c/lemmybewholesome@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        5.[No Stupid Questions](/c/nostupidquestions@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        6.[You Should Know](/c/youshouldknow@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        7.[Comedy Heaven](/c/comedyheaven@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        8.[Credible Defense](/c/credibledefense@sh.itjust.works)\n
        \n
        9.[Ten Forward](/c/tenforward@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        10.[LinuxMemes](/c/linuxmemes@lemmy.world) (Linux themed memes)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        Reach out to\n
        \n
        *All communities included on the sidebar are to be made in compliance with the instance rules.* [Striker](https://lemmy.world/u/STRIKINGdebate2)
        """
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      I generally don’t try to correct shitposts, but for some reason this one annoyed me because it’s only sort of true and the real truth is more interesting.\n
      \n
      > Shakespeare’s observation (from Cymbeline) explains why attempts to alleviate the pain of disease, injury or simple surgical procedures by producing unconsciousness are almost as old as civilization, although the techniques were crude. Most involved ingestion of ethanol and or herbal mixtures, but ‘knock-out’ blows to the head and bilateral carotid artery compression (carotid derives from the Greek for stupor) are also described. These methods were impossible to quantify, and the best that can be said of many is that they were harmlessly ineffective, but that is obviously not the case with head trauma or obstructing the flow of blood to the brain. Hypnotism, introduced as ‘animal magnetism’ or ‘Mesmerism’ in the latter part of the eighteenth century (depicted above), can be effective in susceptible individuals, but such people are relatively rare in developed societies.\n
      > \n
      > Most of the herbal mixtures were devised in Southern Europe or the Orient where plants with active alkaloids (e.g. opium) are indigenous, but one called ‘Dwale’ appears in medieval English texts. Although a number of drugs used in modern anaesthesia have their origins in substances found in plants those early concoctions are irrelevant to the development of effective, drug-induced anaesthesia. It stems from discoveries made in Britain during the latter half of the 18th century, the time of the ‘Enlightenment’. However, di-ethyl ether, the first agent to be demonstrated successfully in public, was originally synthesized (by the action of sulphuric acid on ethanol) in the thirteenth century. There are early reports of it producing both pain relief and loss of consciousness, but such observations were not applied clinically for centuries - examples of a recurring theme: clinical use of the effect did not follow until long after its original observation.\n
      \n
      And it isn’t even really true about using a gas as anaesthesia:\n
      \n
      > Davy’s ‘Researches, Chemical and Philosophical: Chiefly Concerning Nitrous Oxide’, published in 1799, describes two major effects of its inhalation: euphoria (he coined the term ‘laughing gas’) and analgesia (it eased the pain of his erupting wisdom tooth). Davy suggested inhalation of nitrous oxide during surgical operations, but this was not acted upon (that recurring theme again) though a slightly earlier event may indicate possible explanations. In 1784 a London surgeon, James Moore, published a description of nerve compression in producing numbness for limb surgery – most people have experienced this effect after falling asleep while lying on an arm. The method was used successfully for an amputation performed painlessly by John Hunter, the ‘father’ of modern surgery, yet there is no record of a repeat. Was it fear of complications, inconsistency of effect, or simply that minds were not yet attuned to the concept of surgery without pain?\n
      > \n
      > Davy went on to work at the Royal Institution in London, giving demonstrations of nitrous oxide and other discoveries of the age. In 1813, another scientist famous in later life, Michael Faraday, joined him as assistant and studied the inhalation of ether. He published his findings, which included soporific and analgesic effects, in 1818, but one subject had taken over 24 hours to recover full consciousness. Such an observation provides another explanation for failure to implement important observations – the difficulty of quantifying and controlling their effects.\n
      \n
      Then:\n
      \n
      > The story moves to the USA, specifically to Hartford, Connecticut on 10 December 1844, when Gardner Quincy Colton, a travelling showman, gave a demonstration of the latest discoveries, including inhalation of nitrous oxide. In the audience was Horace Wells, a local dentist who had mastered the art of using new materials to make dentures, and had sought ways of easing the pain of first removing the patient’s own rotten teeth. Here was a prepared mind, and Wells realized that he might have found a solution when a young man (one Samuel Cooley) who had inhaled the gas injured his shin without any apparent discomfort.\n
      \n
      …\n
      \n
      > Discussions led to an experiment the following morning during which Wells had one of his own teeth removed by a colleague, John Riggs, after Colton had administered the gas. Wells learned how to make nitrous oxide, and used it in his practice until he felt confident enough to demonstrate the technique at the nearest major medical centre, Boston. He gave a talk to a class of the Harvard Medical School and then administered the gas to one of them who, unfortunately for Wells, cried out when a tooth was removed. Even though the student remembered nothing Wells reacted badly (he was probably a manic depressive) to being dismissed as a charlatan and, although he continued to use nitrous oxide, he faded from the scene.\n
      > \n
      > However, William Morton, who had previously been both Wells’s student and later partner, had helped with the demonstration, and was made of sterner stuff, recognizing that a ‘better’ agent was required. He was by then a medical student at Harvard and consulted, among others, his chemistry teacher, Dr. Charles Jackson. What part Jackson actually played in Morton’s decision to use ether by inhalation became the subject of great controversy, but there is no doubt that it was Morton who studied it, tested it in animals and then tried it in his patients. Having been successful with these trials he offered to demonstrate his method to Dr. John Warren, surgeon at the Massachusetts General Hospital, and was invited to do so on 16 October 1846. Before a large audience, Morton administered ether vapour to Gilbert Abbott before Warren removed a tumour from Abbott’s neck without any sign of distress. A new era had dawned.\n
      \n
      [www.rcoa.ac.uk/…/history-anaesthesia](https://www.rcoa.ac.uk/about-college/heritage/history-anaesthesia)
      """
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  +body: "Another fun fact is that using ether during childbirth was forbidden by church for a long time because bible specifically says that giving birth in pain is God’s punishment."
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        Welcome to Lemmy Shitpost. Here you can shitpost to your hearts content.\n
        \n
        Anything and everything goes. Memes, Jokes, Vents and Banter. Though we still have to comply with lemmy.world instance rules. So behave!\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Rules:**\n
        ==========\n
        \n
        1. Be Respectful___ Refrain from using harmful language pertaining to a protected characteristic: e.g. race, gender, sexuality, disability or religion. Refrain from being argumentative when responding or commenting to posts/replies. Personal attacks are not welcome here. …\n
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        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        3. No Spam___ Posting the same post, no matter the intent is against the rules. -If you have posted content, please refrain from re-posting said content within this community. -Do not spam posts with intent to harass, annoy, bully, advertise, scam or harm this community. -No posting Scams/Advertisements/Phishing Links/IP Grabbers -No Bots, Bots will be banned from the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        4. No Porn/ExplicitContent ___ -Do not post explicit content. Lemmy.World is not the instance for NSFW content. -Do not post Gore or Shock Content. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        5. No Enciting Harassment,Brigading, Doxxing or Witch Hunts ___ -Do not Brigade other Communities -No calls to action against other communities/users within Lemmy or outside of Lemmy. -No Witch Hunts against users/communities. -No content that harasses members within or outside of the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        6. NSFW should be behind NSFW tags.___ -Content that is NSFW should be behind NSFW tags. -Content that might be distressing should be kept behind NSFW tags.\n
        \n
        …\n
        \n
        If you see content that is a breach of the rules, please flag and report the comment and a moderator will take action where they can.\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Also check out:**\n
        \n
        **Partnered Communities:**\n
        \n
        1.[Memes](/c/memes@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        2.[Lemmy Review](/c/lemmyreview@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        3.[Mildly Infuriating](/c/mildlyinfuriating@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        4.[Lemmy Be Wholesome](/c/lemmybewholesome@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        5.[No Stupid Questions](/c/nostupidquestions@lemmy.world)\n
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        6.[You Should Know](/c/youshouldknow@lemmy.world)\n
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        7.[Comedy Heaven](/c/comedyheaven@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        8.[Credible Defense](/c/credibledefense@sh.itjust.works)\n
        \n
        9.[Ten Forward](/c/tenforward@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        10.[LinuxMemes](/c/linuxmemes@lemmy.world) (Linux themed memes)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        Reach out to\n
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        *All communities included on the sidebar are to be made in compliance with the instance rules.* [Striker](https://lemmy.world/u/STRIKINGdebate2)
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      +body: """
        I generally don’t try to correct shitposts, but for some reason this one annoyed me because it’s only sort of true and the real truth is more interesting.\n
        \n
        > Shakespeare’s observation (from Cymbeline) explains why attempts to alleviate the pain of disease, injury or simple surgical procedures by producing unconsciousness are almost as old as civilization, although the techniques were crude. Most involved ingestion of ethanol and or herbal mixtures, but ‘knock-out’ blows to the head and bilateral carotid artery compression (carotid derives from the Greek for stupor) are also described. These methods were impossible to quantify, and the best that can be said of many is that they were harmlessly ineffective, but that is obviously not the case with head trauma or obstructing the flow of blood to the brain. Hypnotism, introduced as ‘animal magnetism’ or ‘Mesmerism’ in the latter part of the eighteenth century (depicted above), can be effective in susceptible individuals, but such people are relatively rare in developed societies.\n
        > \n
        > Most of the herbal mixtures were devised in Southern Europe or the Orient where plants with active alkaloids (e.g. opium) are indigenous, but one called ‘Dwale’ appears in medieval English texts. Although a number of drugs used in modern anaesthesia have their origins in substances found in plants those early concoctions are irrelevant to the development of effective, drug-induced anaesthesia. It stems from discoveries made in Britain during the latter half of the 18th century, the time of the ‘Enlightenment’. However, di-ethyl ether, the first agent to be demonstrated successfully in public, was originally synthesized (by the action of sulphuric acid on ethanol) in the thirteenth century. There are early reports of it producing both pain relief and loss of consciousness, but such observations were not applied clinically for centuries - examples of a recurring theme: clinical use of the effect did not follow until long after its original observation.\n
        \n
        And it isn’t even really true about using a gas as anaesthesia:\n
        \n
        > Davy’s ‘Researches, Chemical and Philosophical: Chiefly Concerning Nitrous Oxide’, published in 1799, describes two major effects of its inhalation: euphoria (he coined the term ‘laughing gas’) and analgesia (it eased the pain of his erupting wisdom tooth). Davy suggested inhalation of nitrous oxide during surgical operations, but this was not acted upon (that recurring theme again) though a slightly earlier event may indicate possible explanations. In 1784 a London surgeon, James Moore, published a description of nerve compression in producing numbness for limb surgery – most people have experienced this effect after falling asleep while lying on an arm. The method was used successfully for an amputation performed painlessly by John Hunter, the ‘father’ of modern surgery, yet there is no record of a repeat. Was it fear of complications, inconsistency of effect, or simply that minds were not yet attuned to the concept of surgery without pain?\n
        > \n
        > Davy went on to work at the Royal Institution in London, giving demonstrations of nitrous oxide and other discoveries of the age. In 1813, another scientist famous in later life, Michael Faraday, joined him as assistant and studied the inhalation of ether. He published his findings, which included soporific and analgesic effects, in 1818, but one subject had taken over 24 hours to recover full consciousness. Such an observation provides another explanation for failure to implement important observations – the difficulty of quantifying and controlling their effects.\n
        \n
        Then:\n
        \n
        > The story moves to the USA, specifically to Hartford, Connecticut on 10 December 1844, when Gardner Quincy Colton, a travelling showman, gave a demonstration of the latest discoveries, including inhalation of nitrous oxide. In the audience was Horace Wells, a local dentist who had mastered the art of using new materials to make dentures, and had sought ways of easing the pain of first removing the patient’s own rotten teeth. Here was a prepared mind, and Wells realized that he might have found a solution when a young man (one Samuel Cooley) who had inhaled the gas injured his shin without any apparent discomfort.\n
        \n
        …\n
        \n
        > Discussions led to an experiment the following morning during which Wells had one of his own teeth removed by a colleague, John Riggs, after Colton had administered the gas. Wells learned how to make nitrous oxide, and used it in his practice until he felt confident enough to demonstrate the technique at the nearest major medical centre, Boston. He gave a talk to a class of the Harvard Medical School and then administered the gas to one of them who, unfortunately for Wells, cried out when a tooth was removed. Even though the student remembered nothing Wells reacted badly (he was probably a manic depressive) to being dismissed as a charlatan and, although he continued to use nitrous oxide, he faded from the scene.\n
        > \n
        > However, William Morton, who had previously been both Wells’s student and later partner, had helped with the demonstration, and was made of sterner stuff, recognizing that a ‘better’ agent was required. He was by then a medical student at Harvard and consulted, among others, his chemistry teacher, Dr. Charles Jackson. What part Jackson actually played in Morton’s decision to use ether by inhalation became the subject of great controversy, but there is no doubt that it was Morton who studied it, tested it in animals and then tried it in his patients. Having been successful with these trials he offered to demonstrate his method to Dr. John Warren, surgeon at the Massachusetts General Hospital, and was invited to do so on 16 October 1846. Before a large audience, Morton administered ether vapour to Gilbert Abbott before Warren removed a tumour from Abbott’s neck without any sign of distress. A new era had dawned.\n
        \n
        [www.rcoa.ac.uk/…/history-anaesthesia](https://www.rcoa.ac.uk/about-college/heritage/history-anaesthesia)
        """
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    +body: "Another fun fact is that using ether during childbirth was forbidden by church for a long time because bible specifically says that giving birth in pain is God’s punishment."
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        Welcome to Lemmy Shitpost. Here you can shitpost to your hearts content.\n
        \n
        Anything and everything goes. Memes, Jokes, Vents and Banter. Though we still have to comply with lemmy.world instance rules. So behave!\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Rules:**\n
        ==========\n
        \n
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        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        3. No Spam___ Posting the same post, no matter the intent is against the rules. -If you have posted content, please refrain from re-posting said content within this community. -Do not spam posts with intent to harass, annoy, bully, advertise, scam or harm this community. -No posting Scams/Advertisements/Phishing Links/IP Grabbers -No Bots, Bots will be banned from the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        4. No Porn/ExplicitContent ___ -Do not post explicit content. Lemmy.World is not the instance for NSFW content. -Do not post Gore or Shock Content. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        5. No Enciting Harassment,Brigading, Doxxing or Witch Hunts ___ -Do not Brigade other Communities -No calls to action against other communities/users within Lemmy or outside of Lemmy. -No Witch Hunts against users/communities. -No content that harasses members within or outside of the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        6. NSFW should be behind NSFW tags.___ -Content that is NSFW should be behind NSFW tags. -Content that might be distressing should be kept behind NSFW tags.\n
        \n
        …\n
        \n
        If you see content that is a breach of the rules, please flag and report the comment and a moderator will take action where they can.\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Also check out:**\n
        \n
        **Partnered Communities:**\n
        \n
        1.[Memes](/c/memes@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        2.[Lemmy Review](/c/lemmyreview@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        3.[Mildly Infuriating](/c/mildlyinfuriating@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        4.[Lemmy Be Wholesome](/c/lemmybewholesome@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        5.[No Stupid Questions](/c/nostupidquestions@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        6.[You Should Know](/c/youshouldknow@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        7.[Comedy Heaven](/c/comedyheaven@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        8.[Credible Defense](/c/credibledefense@sh.itjust.works)\n
        \n
        9.[Ten Forward](/c/tenforward@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        10.[LinuxMemes](/c/linuxmemes@lemmy.world) (Linux themed memes)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        Reach out to\n
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        *All communities included on the sidebar are to be made in compliance with the instance rules.* [Striker](https://lemmy.world/u/STRIKINGdebate2)
        """
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        I generally don’t try to correct shitposts, but for some reason this one annoyed me because it’s only sort of true and the real truth is more interesting.\n
        \n
        > Shakespeare’s observation (from Cymbeline) explains why attempts to alleviate the pain of disease, injury or simple surgical procedures by producing unconsciousness are almost as old as civilization, although the techniques were crude. Most involved ingestion of ethanol and or herbal mixtures, but ‘knock-out’ blows to the head and bilateral carotid artery compression (carotid derives from the Greek for stupor) are also described. These methods were impossible to quantify, and the best that can be said of many is that they were harmlessly ineffective, but that is obviously not the case with head trauma or obstructing the flow of blood to the brain. Hypnotism, introduced as ‘animal magnetism’ or ‘Mesmerism’ in the latter part of the eighteenth century (depicted above), can be effective in susceptible individuals, but such people are relatively rare in developed societies.\n
        > \n
        > Most of the herbal mixtures were devised in Southern Europe or the Orient where plants with active alkaloids (e.g. opium) are indigenous, but one called ‘Dwale’ appears in medieval English texts. Although a number of drugs used in modern anaesthesia have their origins in substances found in plants those early concoctions are irrelevant to the development of effective, drug-induced anaesthesia. It stems from discoveries made in Britain during the latter half of the 18th century, the time of the ‘Enlightenment’. However, di-ethyl ether, the first agent to be demonstrated successfully in public, was originally synthesized (by the action of sulphuric acid on ethanol) in the thirteenth century. There are early reports of it producing both pain relief and loss of consciousness, but such observations were not applied clinically for centuries - examples of a recurring theme: clinical use of the effect did not follow until long after its original observation.\n
        \n
        And it isn’t even really true about using a gas as anaesthesia:\n
        \n
        > Davy’s ‘Researches, Chemical and Philosophical: Chiefly Concerning Nitrous Oxide’, published in 1799, describes two major effects of its inhalation: euphoria (he coined the term ‘laughing gas’) and analgesia (it eased the pain of his erupting wisdom tooth). Davy suggested inhalation of nitrous oxide during surgical operations, but this was not acted upon (that recurring theme again) though a slightly earlier event may indicate possible explanations. In 1784 a London surgeon, James Moore, published a description of nerve compression in producing numbness for limb surgery – most people have experienced this effect after falling asleep while lying on an arm. The method was used successfully for an amputation performed painlessly by John Hunter, the ‘father’ of modern surgery, yet there is no record of a repeat. Was it fear of complications, inconsistency of effect, or simply that minds were not yet attuned to the concept of surgery without pain?\n
        > \n
        > Davy went on to work at the Royal Institution in London, giving demonstrations of nitrous oxide and other discoveries of the age. In 1813, another scientist famous in later life, Michael Faraday, joined him as assistant and studied the inhalation of ether. He published his findings, which included soporific and analgesic effects, in 1818, but one subject had taken over 24 hours to recover full consciousness. Such an observation provides another explanation for failure to implement important observations – the difficulty of quantifying and controlling their effects.\n
        \n
        Then:\n
        \n
        > The story moves to the USA, specifically to Hartford, Connecticut on 10 December 1844, when Gardner Quincy Colton, a travelling showman, gave a demonstration of the latest discoveries, including inhalation of nitrous oxide. In the audience was Horace Wells, a local dentist who had mastered the art of using new materials to make dentures, and had sought ways of easing the pain of first removing the patient’s own rotten teeth. Here was a prepared mind, and Wells realized that he might have found a solution when a young man (one Samuel Cooley) who had inhaled the gas injured his shin without any apparent discomfort.\n
        \n
        …\n
        \n
        > Discussions led to an experiment the following morning during which Wells had one of his own teeth removed by a colleague, John Riggs, after Colton had administered the gas. Wells learned how to make nitrous oxide, and used it in his practice until he felt confident enough to demonstrate the technique at the nearest major medical centre, Boston. He gave a talk to a class of the Harvard Medical School and then administered the gas to one of them who, unfortunately for Wells, cried out when a tooth was removed. Even though the student remembered nothing Wells reacted badly (he was probably a manic depressive) to being dismissed as a charlatan and, although he continued to use nitrous oxide, he faded from the scene.\n
        > \n
        > However, William Morton, who had previously been both Wells’s student and later partner, had helped with the demonstration, and was made of sterner stuff, recognizing that a ‘better’ agent was required. He was by then a medical student at Harvard and consulted, among others, his chemistry teacher, Dr. Charles Jackson. What part Jackson actually played in Morton’s decision to use ether by inhalation became the subject of great controversy, but there is no doubt that it was Morton who studied it, tested it in animals and then tried it in his patients. Having been successful with these trials he offered to demonstrate his method to Dr. John Warren, surgeon at the Massachusetts General Hospital, and was invited to do so on 16 October 1846. Before a large audience, Morton administered ether vapour to Gilbert Abbott before Warren removed a tumour from Abbott’s neck without any sign of distress. A new era had dawned.\n
        \n
        [www.rcoa.ac.uk/…/history-anaesthesia](https://www.rcoa.ac.uk/about-college/heritage/history-anaesthesia)
        """
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    +body: "Another fun fact is that using ether during childbirth was forbidden by church for a long time because bible specifically says that giving birth in pain is God’s punishment."
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        Welcome to Lemmy Shitpost. Here you can shitpost to your hearts content.\n
        \n
        Anything and everything goes. Memes, Jokes, Vents and Banter. Though we still have to comply with lemmy.world instance rules. So behave!\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Rules:**\n
        ==========\n
        \n
        1. Be Respectful___ Refrain from using harmful language pertaining to a protected characteristic: e.g. race, gender, sexuality, disability or religion. Refrain from being argumentative when responding or commenting to posts/replies. Personal attacks are not welcome here. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
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        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        3. No Spam___ Posting the same post, no matter the intent is against the rules. -If you have posted content, please refrain from re-posting said content within this community. -Do not spam posts with intent to harass, annoy, bully, advertise, scam or harm this community. -No posting Scams/Advertisements/Phishing Links/IP Grabbers -No Bots, Bots will be banned from the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        4. No Porn/ExplicitContent ___ -Do not post explicit content. Lemmy.World is not the instance for NSFW content. -Do not post Gore or Shock Content. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        5. No Enciting Harassment,Brigading, Doxxing or Witch Hunts ___ -Do not Brigade other Communities -No calls to action against other communities/users within Lemmy or outside of Lemmy. -No Witch Hunts against users/communities. -No content that harasses members within or outside of the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        6. NSFW should be behind NSFW tags.___ -Content that is NSFW should be behind NSFW tags. -Content that might be distressing should be kept behind NSFW tags.\n
        \n
        …\n
        \n
        If you see content that is a breach of the rules, please flag and report the comment and a moderator will take action where they can.\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Also check out:**\n
        \n
        **Partnered Communities:**\n
        \n
        1.[Memes](/c/memes@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        2.[Lemmy Review](/c/lemmyreview@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        3.[Mildly Infuriating](/c/mildlyinfuriating@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        4.[Lemmy Be Wholesome](/c/lemmybewholesome@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        5.[No Stupid Questions](/c/nostupidquestions@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        6.[You Should Know](/c/youshouldknow@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        7.[Comedy Heaven](/c/comedyheaven@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        8.[Credible Defense](/c/credibledefense@sh.itjust.works)\n
        \n
        9.[Ten Forward](/c/tenforward@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        10.[LinuxMemes](/c/linuxmemes@lemmy.world) (Linux themed memes)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        Reach out to\n
        \n
        *All communities included on the sidebar are to be made in compliance with the instance rules.* [Striker](https://lemmy.world/u/STRIKINGdebate2)
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      +body: """
        I generally don’t try to correct shitposts, but for some reason this one annoyed me because it’s only sort of true and the real truth is more interesting.\n
        \n
        > Shakespeare’s observation (from Cymbeline) explains why attempts to alleviate the pain of disease, injury or simple surgical procedures by producing unconsciousness are almost as old as civilization, although the techniques were crude. Most involved ingestion of ethanol and or herbal mixtures, but ‘knock-out’ blows to the head and bilateral carotid artery compression (carotid derives from the Greek for stupor) are also described. These methods were impossible to quantify, and the best that can be said of many is that they were harmlessly ineffective, but that is obviously not the case with head trauma or obstructing the flow of blood to the brain. Hypnotism, introduced as ‘animal magnetism’ or ‘Mesmerism’ in the latter part of the eighteenth century (depicted above), can be effective in susceptible individuals, but such people are relatively rare in developed societies.\n
        > \n
        > Most of the herbal mixtures were devised in Southern Europe or the Orient where plants with active alkaloids (e.g. opium) are indigenous, but one called ‘Dwale’ appears in medieval English texts. Although a number of drugs used in modern anaesthesia have their origins in substances found in plants those early concoctions are irrelevant to the development of effective, drug-induced anaesthesia. It stems from discoveries made in Britain during the latter half of the 18th century, the time of the ‘Enlightenment’. However, di-ethyl ether, the first agent to be demonstrated successfully in public, was originally synthesized (by the action of sulphuric acid on ethanol) in the thirteenth century. There are early reports of it producing both pain relief and loss of consciousness, but such observations were not applied clinically for centuries - examples of a recurring theme: clinical use of the effect did not follow until long after its original observation.\n
        \n
        And it isn’t even really true about using a gas as anaesthesia:\n
        \n
        > Davy’s ‘Researches, Chemical and Philosophical: Chiefly Concerning Nitrous Oxide’, published in 1799, describes two major effects of its inhalation: euphoria (he coined the term ‘laughing gas’) and analgesia (it eased the pain of his erupting wisdom tooth). Davy suggested inhalation of nitrous oxide during surgical operations, but this was not acted upon (that recurring theme again) though a slightly earlier event may indicate possible explanations. In 1784 a London surgeon, James Moore, published a description of nerve compression in producing numbness for limb surgery – most people have experienced this effect after falling asleep while lying on an arm. The method was used successfully for an amputation performed painlessly by John Hunter, the ‘father’ of modern surgery, yet there is no record of a repeat. Was it fear of complications, inconsistency of effect, or simply that minds were not yet attuned to the concept of surgery without pain?\n
        > \n
        > Davy went on to work at the Royal Institution in London, giving demonstrations of nitrous oxide and other discoveries of the age. In 1813, another scientist famous in later life, Michael Faraday, joined him as assistant and studied the inhalation of ether. He published his findings, which included soporific and analgesic effects, in 1818, but one subject had taken over 24 hours to recover full consciousness. Such an observation provides another explanation for failure to implement important observations – the difficulty of quantifying and controlling their effects.\n
        \n
        Then:\n
        \n
        > The story moves to the USA, specifically to Hartford, Connecticut on 10 December 1844, when Gardner Quincy Colton, a travelling showman, gave a demonstration of the latest discoveries, including inhalation of nitrous oxide. In the audience was Horace Wells, a local dentist who had mastered the art of using new materials to make dentures, and had sought ways of easing the pain of first removing the patient’s own rotten teeth. Here was a prepared mind, and Wells realized that he might have found a solution when a young man (one Samuel Cooley) who had inhaled the gas injured his shin without any apparent discomfort.\n
        \n
        …\n
        \n
        > Discussions led to an experiment the following morning during which Wells had one of his own teeth removed by a colleague, John Riggs, after Colton had administered the gas. Wells learned how to make nitrous oxide, and used it in his practice until he felt confident enough to demonstrate the technique at the nearest major medical centre, Boston. He gave a talk to a class of the Harvard Medical School and then administered the gas to one of them who, unfortunately for Wells, cried out when a tooth was removed. Even though the student remembered nothing Wells reacted badly (he was probably a manic depressive) to being dismissed as a charlatan and, although he continued to use nitrous oxide, he faded from the scene.\n
        > \n
        > However, William Morton, who had previously been both Wells’s student and later partner, had helped with the demonstration, and was made of sterner stuff, recognizing that a ‘better’ agent was required. He was by then a medical student at Harvard and consulted, among others, his chemistry teacher, Dr. Charles Jackson. What part Jackson actually played in Morton’s decision to use ether by inhalation became the subject of great controversy, but there is no doubt that it was Morton who studied it, tested it in animals and then tried it in his patients. Having been successful with these trials he offered to demonstrate his method to Dr. John Warren, surgeon at the Massachusetts General Hospital, and was invited to do so on 16 October 1846. Before a large audience, Morton administered ether vapour to Gilbert Abbott before Warren removed a tumour from Abbott’s neck without any sign of distress. A new era had dawned.\n
        \n
        [www.rcoa.ac.uk/…/history-anaesthesia](https://www.rcoa.ac.uk/about-college/heritage/history-anaesthesia)
        """
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    +body: "Another fun fact is that using ether during childbirth was forbidden by church for a long time because bible specifically says that giving birth in pain is God’s punishment."
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        Welcome to Lemmy Shitpost. Here you can shitpost to your hearts content.\n
        \n
        Anything and everything goes. Memes, Jokes, Vents and Banter. Though we still have to comply with lemmy.world instance rules. So behave!\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Rules:**\n
        ==========\n
        \n
        1. Be Respectful___ Refrain from using harmful language pertaining to a protected characteristic: e.g. race, gender, sexuality, disability or religion. Refrain from being argumentative when responding or commenting to posts/replies. Personal attacks are not welcome here. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        2. No Illegal Content___ Content that violates the law. Any post/comment found to be in breach of common law will be removed and given to the authorities if required. That means: -No promoting violence/threats against any individuals -No CSA content or Revenge Porn -No sharing private/personal information (Doxxing) …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        3. No Spam___ Posting the same post, no matter the intent is against the rules. -If you have posted content, please refrain from re-posting said content within this community. -Do not spam posts with intent to harass, annoy, bully, advertise, scam or harm this community. -No posting Scams/Advertisements/Phishing Links/IP Grabbers -No Bots, Bots will be banned from the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        4. No Porn/ExplicitContent ___ -Do not post explicit content. Lemmy.World is not the instance for NSFW content. -Do not post Gore or Shock Content. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        5. No Enciting Harassment,Brigading, Doxxing or Witch Hunts ___ -Do not Brigade other Communities -No calls to action against other communities/users within Lemmy or outside of Lemmy. -No Witch Hunts against users/communities. -No content that harasses members within or outside of the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        6. NSFW should be behind NSFW tags.___ -Content that is NSFW should be behind NSFW tags. -Content that might be distressing should be kept behind NSFW tags.\n
        \n
        …\n
        \n
        If you see content that is a breach of the rules, please flag and report the comment and a moderator will take action where they can.\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Also check out:**\n
        \n
        **Partnered Communities:**\n
        \n
        1.[Memes](/c/memes@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        2.[Lemmy Review](/c/lemmyreview@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        3.[Mildly Infuriating](/c/mildlyinfuriating@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        4.[Lemmy Be Wholesome](/c/lemmybewholesome@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        5.[No Stupid Questions](/c/nostupidquestions@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        6.[You Should Know](/c/youshouldknow@lemmy.world)\n
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        7.[Comedy Heaven](/c/comedyheaven@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        8.[Credible Defense](/c/credibledefense@sh.itjust.works)\n
        \n
        9.[Ten Forward](/c/tenforward@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        10.[LinuxMemes](/c/linuxmemes@lemmy.world) (Linux themed memes)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        Reach out to\n
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        *All communities included on the sidebar are to be made in compliance with the instance rules.* [Striker](https://lemmy.world/u/STRIKINGdebate2)
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      I generally don’t try to correct shitposts, but for some reason this one annoyed me because it’s only sort of true and the real truth is more interesting.\n
      \n
      > Shakespeare’s observation (from Cymbeline) explains why attempts to alleviate the pain of disease, injury or simple surgical procedures by producing unconsciousness are almost as old as civilization, although the techniques were crude. Most involved ingestion of ethanol and or herbal mixtures, but ‘knock-out’ blows to the head and bilateral carotid artery compression (carotid derives from the Greek for stupor) are also described. These methods were impossible to quantify, and the best that can be said of many is that they were harmlessly ineffective, but that is obviously not the case with head trauma or obstructing the flow of blood to the brain. Hypnotism, introduced as ‘animal magnetism’ or ‘Mesmerism’ in the latter part of the eighteenth century (depicted above), can be effective in susceptible individuals, but such people are relatively rare in developed societies.\n
      > \n
      > Most of the herbal mixtures were devised in Southern Europe or the Orient where plants with active alkaloids (e.g. opium) are indigenous, but one called ‘Dwale’ appears in medieval English texts. Although a number of drugs used in modern anaesthesia have their origins in substances found in plants those early concoctions are irrelevant to the development of effective, drug-induced anaesthesia. It stems from discoveries made in Britain during the latter half of the 18th century, the time of the ‘Enlightenment’. However, di-ethyl ether, the first agent to be demonstrated successfully in public, was originally synthesized (by the action of sulphuric acid on ethanol) in the thirteenth century. There are early reports of it producing both pain relief and loss of consciousness, but such observations were not applied clinically for centuries - examples of a recurring theme: clinical use of the effect did not follow until long after its original observation.\n
      \n
      And it isn’t even really true about using a gas as anaesthesia:\n
      \n
      > Davy’s ‘Researches, Chemical and Philosophical: Chiefly Concerning Nitrous Oxide’, published in 1799, describes two major effects of its inhalation: euphoria (he coined the term ‘laughing gas’) and analgesia (it eased the pain of his erupting wisdom tooth). Davy suggested inhalation of nitrous oxide during surgical operations, but this was not acted upon (that recurring theme again) though a slightly earlier event may indicate possible explanations. In 1784 a London surgeon, James Moore, published a description of nerve compression in producing numbness for limb surgery – most people have experienced this effect after falling asleep while lying on an arm. The method was used successfully for an amputation performed painlessly by John Hunter, the ‘father’ of modern surgery, yet there is no record of a repeat. Was it fear of complications, inconsistency of effect, or simply that minds were not yet attuned to the concept of surgery without pain?\n
      > \n
      > Davy went on to work at the Royal Institution in London, giving demonstrations of nitrous oxide and other discoveries of the age. In 1813, another scientist famous in later life, Michael Faraday, joined him as assistant and studied the inhalation of ether. He published his findings, which included soporific and analgesic effects, in 1818, but one subject had taken over 24 hours to recover full consciousness. Such an observation provides another explanation for failure to implement important observations – the difficulty of quantifying and controlling their effects.\n
      \n
      Then:\n
      \n
      > The story moves to the USA, specifically to Hartford, Connecticut on 10 December 1844, when Gardner Quincy Colton, a travelling showman, gave a demonstration of the latest discoveries, including inhalation of nitrous oxide. In the audience was Horace Wells, a local dentist who had mastered the art of using new materials to make dentures, and had sought ways of easing the pain of first removing the patient’s own rotten teeth. Here was a prepared mind, and Wells realized that he might have found a solution when a young man (one Samuel Cooley) who had inhaled the gas injured his shin without any apparent discomfort.\n
      \n
      …\n
      \n
      > Discussions led to an experiment the following morning during which Wells had one of his own teeth removed by a colleague, John Riggs, after Colton had administered the gas. Wells learned how to make nitrous oxide, and used it in his practice until he felt confident enough to demonstrate the technique at the nearest major medical centre, Boston. He gave a talk to a class of the Harvard Medical School and then administered the gas to one of them who, unfortunately for Wells, cried out when a tooth was removed. Even though the student remembered nothing Wells reacted badly (he was probably a manic depressive) to being dismissed as a charlatan and, although he continued to use nitrous oxide, he faded from the scene.\n
      > \n
      > However, William Morton, who had previously been both Wells’s student and later partner, had helped with the demonstration, and was made of sterner stuff, recognizing that a ‘better’ agent was required. He was by then a medical student at Harvard and consulted, among others, his chemistry teacher, Dr. Charles Jackson. What part Jackson actually played in Morton’s decision to use ether by inhalation became the subject of great controversy, but there is no doubt that it was Morton who studied it, tested it in animals and then tried it in his patients. Having been successful with these trials he offered to demonstrate his method to Dr. John Warren, surgeon at the Massachusetts General Hospital, and was invited to do so on 16 October 1846. Before a large audience, Morton administered ether vapour to Gilbert Abbott before Warren removed a tumour from Abbott’s neck without any sign of distress. A new era had dawned.\n
      \n
      [www.rcoa.ac.uk/…/history-anaesthesia](https://www.rcoa.ac.uk/about-college/heritage/history-anaesthesia)
      """
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      +name: "lemmyshitpost@lemmy.world"
      +title: "lemmyshitpost"
      +description: """
        Welcome to Lemmy Shitpost. Here you can shitpost to your hearts content.\n
        \n
        Anything and everything goes. Memes, Jokes, Vents and Banter. Though we still have to comply with lemmy.world instance rules. So behave!\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Rules:**\n
        ==========\n
        \n
        1. Be Respectful___ Refrain from using harmful language pertaining to a protected characteristic: e.g. race, gender, sexuality, disability or religion. Refrain from being argumentative when responding or commenting to posts/replies. Personal attacks are not welcome here. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        2. No Illegal Content___ Content that violates the law. Any post/comment found to be in breach of common law will be removed and given to the authorities if required. That means: -No promoting violence/threats against any individuals -No CSA content or Revenge Porn -No sharing private/personal information (Doxxing) …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        3. No Spam___ Posting the same post, no matter the intent is against the rules. -If you have posted content, please refrain from re-posting said content within this community. -Do not spam posts with intent to harass, annoy, bully, advertise, scam or harm this community. -No posting Scams/Advertisements/Phishing Links/IP Grabbers -No Bots, Bots will be banned from the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        4. No Porn/ExplicitContent ___ -Do not post explicit content. Lemmy.World is not the instance for NSFW content. -Do not post Gore or Shock Content. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        5. No Enciting Harassment,Brigading, Doxxing or Witch Hunts ___ -Do not Brigade other Communities -No calls to action against other communities/users within Lemmy or outside of Lemmy. -No Witch Hunts against users/communities. -No content that harasses members within or outside of the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        6. NSFW should be behind NSFW tags.___ -Content that is NSFW should be behind NSFW tags. -Content that might be distressing should be kept behind NSFW tags.\n
        \n
        …\n
        \n
        If you see content that is a breach of the rules, please flag and report the comment and a moderator will take action where they can.\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Also check out:**\n
        \n
        **Partnered Communities:**\n
        \n
        1.[Memes](/c/memes@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        2.[Lemmy Review](/c/lemmyreview@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        3.[Mildly Infuriating](/c/mildlyinfuriating@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        4.[Lemmy Be Wholesome](/c/lemmybewholesome@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        5.[No Stupid Questions](/c/nostupidquestions@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        6.[You Should Know](/c/youshouldknow@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        7.[Comedy Heaven](/c/comedyheaven@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        8.[Credible Defense](/c/credibledefense@sh.itjust.works)\n
        \n
        9.[Ten Forward](/c/tenforward@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        10.[LinuxMemes](/c/linuxmemes@lemmy.world) (Linux themed memes)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        Reach out to\n
        \n
        *All communities included on the sidebar are to be made in compliance with the instance rules.* [Striker](https://lemmy.world/u/STRIKINGdebate2)
        """
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    +body: """
      I generally don’t try to correct shitposts, but for some reason this one annoyed me because it’s only sort of true and the real truth is more interesting.\n
      \n
      > Shakespeare’s observation (from Cymbeline) explains why attempts to alleviate the pain of disease, injury or simple surgical procedures by producing unconsciousness are almost as old as civilization, although the techniques were crude. Most involved ingestion of ethanol and or herbal mixtures, but ‘knock-out’ blows to the head and bilateral carotid artery compression (carotid derives from the Greek for stupor) are also described. These methods were impossible to quantify, and the best that can be said of many is that they were harmlessly ineffective, but that is obviously not the case with head trauma or obstructing the flow of blood to the brain. Hypnotism, introduced as ‘animal magnetism’ or ‘Mesmerism’ in the latter part of the eighteenth century (depicted above), can be effective in susceptible individuals, but such people are relatively rare in developed societies.\n
      > \n
      > Most of the herbal mixtures were devised in Southern Europe or the Orient where plants with active alkaloids (e.g. opium) are indigenous, but one called ‘Dwale’ appears in medieval English texts. Although a number of drugs used in modern anaesthesia have their origins in substances found in plants those early concoctions are irrelevant to the development of effective, drug-induced anaesthesia. It stems from discoveries made in Britain during the latter half of the 18th century, the time of the ‘Enlightenment’. However, di-ethyl ether, the first agent to be demonstrated successfully in public, was originally synthesized (by the action of sulphuric acid on ethanol) in the thirteenth century. There are early reports of it producing both pain relief and loss of consciousness, but such observations were not applied clinically for centuries - examples of a recurring theme: clinical use of the effect did not follow until long after its original observation.\n
      \n
      And it isn’t even really true about using a gas as anaesthesia:\n
      \n
      > Davy’s ‘Researches, Chemical and Philosophical: Chiefly Concerning Nitrous Oxide’, published in 1799, describes two major effects of its inhalation: euphoria (he coined the term ‘laughing gas’) and analgesia (it eased the pain of his erupting wisdom tooth). Davy suggested inhalation of nitrous oxide during surgical operations, but this was not acted upon (that recurring theme again) though a slightly earlier event may indicate possible explanations. In 1784 a London surgeon, James Moore, published a description of nerve compression in producing numbness for limb surgery – most people have experienced this effect after falling asleep while lying on an arm. The method was used successfully for an amputation performed painlessly by John Hunter, the ‘father’ of modern surgery, yet there is no record of a repeat. Was it fear of complications, inconsistency of effect, or simply that minds were not yet attuned to the concept of surgery without pain?\n
      > \n
      > Davy went on to work at the Royal Institution in London, giving demonstrations of nitrous oxide and other discoveries of the age. In 1813, another scientist famous in later life, Michael Faraday, joined him as assistant and studied the inhalation of ether. He published his findings, which included soporific and analgesic effects, in 1818, but one subject had taken over 24 hours to recover full consciousness. Such an observation provides another explanation for failure to implement important observations – the difficulty of quantifying and controlling their effects.\n
      \n
      Then:\n
      \n
      > The story moves to the USA, specifically to Hartford, Connecticut on 10 December 1844, when Gardner Quincy Colton, a travelling showman, gave a demonstration of the latest discoveries, including inhalation of nitrous oxide. In the audience was Horace Wells, a local dentist who had mastered the art of using new materials to make dentures, and had sought ways of easing the pain of first removing the patient’s own rotten teeth. Here was a prepared mind, and Wells realized that he might have found a solution when a young man (one Samuel Cooley) who had inhaled the gas injured his shin without any apparent discomfort.\n
      \n
      …\n
      \n
      > Discussions led to an experiment the following morning during which Wells had one of his own teeth removed by a colleague, John Riggs, after Colton had administered the gas. Wells learned how to make nitrous oxide, and used it in his practice until he felt confident enough to demonstrate the technique at the nearest major medical centre, Boston. He gave a talk to a class of the Harvard Medical School and then administered the gas to one of them who, unfortunately for Wells, cried out when a tooth was removed. Even though the student remembered nothing Wells reacted badly (he was probably a manic depressive) to being dismissed as a charlatan and, although he continued to use nitrous oxide, he faded from the scene.\n
      > \n
      > However, William Morton, who had previously been both Wells’s student and later partner, had helped with the demonstration, and was made of sterner stuff, recognizing that a ‘better’ agent was required. He was by then a medical student at Harvard and consulted, among others, his chemistry teacher, Dr. Charles Jackson. What part Jackson actually played in Morton’s decision to use ether by inhalation became the subject of great controversy, but there is no doubt that it was Morton who studied it, tested it in animals and then tried it in his patients. Having been successful with these trials he offered to demonstrate his method to Dr. John Warren, surgeon at the Massachusetts General Hospital, and was invited to do so on 16 October 1846. Before a large audience, Morton administered ether vapour to Gilbert Abbott before Warren removed a tumour from Abbott’s neck without any sign of distress. A new era had dawned.\n
      \n
      [www.rcoa.ac.uk/…/history-anaesthesia](https://www.rcoa.ac.uk/about-college/heritage/history-anaesthesia)
      """
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        Welcome to Lemmy Shitpost. Here you can shitpost to your hearts content.\n
        \n
        Anything and everything goes. Memes, Jokes, Vents and Banter. Though we still have to comply with lemmy.world instance rules. So behave!\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Rules:**\n
        ==========\n
        \n
        1. Be Respectful___ Refrain from using harmful language pertaining to a protected characteristic: e.g. race, gender, sexuality, disability or religion. Refrain from being argumentative when responding or commenting to posts/replies. Personal attacks are not welcome here. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
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        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        3. No Spam___ Posting the same post, no matter the intent is against the rules. -If you have posted content, please refrain from re-posting said content within this community. -Do not spam posts with intent to harass, annoy, bully, advertise, scam or harm this community. -No posting Scams/Advertisements/Phishing Links/IP Grabbers -No Bots, Bots will be banned from the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        4. No Porn/ExplicitContent ___ -Do not post explicit content. Lemmy.World is not the instance for NSFW content. -Do not post Gore or Shock Content. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        5. No Enciting Harassment,Brigading, Doxxing or Witch Hunts ___ -Do not Brigade other Communities -No calls to action against other communities/users within Lemmy or outside of Lemmy. -No Witch Hunts against users/communities. -No content that harasses members within or outside of the community. …\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        6. NSFW should be behind NSFW tags.___ -Content that is NSFW should be behind NSFW tags. -Content that might be distressing should be kept behind NSFW tags.\n
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        …\n
        \n
        If you see content that is a breach of the rules, please flag and report the comment and a moderator will take action where they can.\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Also check out:**\n
        \n
        **Partnered Communities:**\n
        \n
        1.[Memes](/c/memes@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        2.[Lemmy Review](/c/lemmyreview@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        3.[Mildly Infuriating](/c/mildlyinfuriating@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        4.[Lemmy Be Wholesome](/c/lemmybewholesome@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        5.[No Stupid Questions](/c/nostupidquestions@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        6.[You Should Know](/c/youshouldknow@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        7.[Comedy Heaven](/c/comedyheaven@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        8.[Credible Defense](/c/credibledefense@sh.itjust.works)\n
        \n
        9.[Ten Forward](/c/tenforward@lemmy.world)\n
        \n
        10.[LinuxMemes](/c/linuxmemes@lemmy.world) (Linux themed memes)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        Reach out to\n
        \n
        *All communities included on the sidebar are to be made in compliance with the instance rules.* [Striker](https://lemmy.world/u/STRIKINGdebate2)
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      I generally don’t try to correct shitposts, but for some reason this one annoyed me because it’s only sort of true and the real truth is more interesting.\n
      \n
      > Shakespeare’s observation (from Cymbeline) explains why attempts to alleviate the pain of disease, injury or simple surgical procedures by producing unconsciousness are almost as old as civilization, although the techniques were crude. Most involved ingestion of ethanol and or herbal mixtures, but ‘knock-out’ blows to the head and bilateral carotid artery compression (carotid derives from the Greek for stupor) are also described. These methods were impossible to quantify, and the best that can be said of many is that they were harmlessly ineffective, but that is obviously not the case with head trauma or obstructing the flow of blood to the brain. Hypnotism, introduced as ‘animal magnetism’ or ‘Mesmerism’ in the latter part of the eighteenth century (depicted above), can be effective in susceptible individuals, but such people are relatively rare in developed societies.\n
      > \n
      > Most of the herbal mixtures were devised in Southern Europe or the Orient where plants with active alkaloids (e.g. opium) are indigenous, but one called ‘Dwale’ appears in medieval English texts. Although a number of drugs used in modern anaesthesia have their origins in substances found in plants those early concoctions are irrelevant to the development of effective, drug-induced anaesthesia. It stems from discoveries made in Britain during the latter half of the 18th century, the time of the ‘Enlightenment’. However, di-ethyl ether, the first agent to be demonstrated successfully in public, was originally synthesized (by the action of sulphuric acid on ethanol) in the thirteenth century. There are early reports of it producing both pain relief and loss of consciousness, but such observations were not applied clinically for centuries - examples of a recurring theme: clinical use of the effect did not follow until long after its original observation.\n
      \n
      And it isn’t even really true about using a gas as anaesthesia:\n
      \n
      > Davy’s ‘Researches, Chemical and Philosophical: Chiefly Concerning Nitrous Oxide’, published in 1799, describes two major effects of its inhalation: euphoria (he coined the term ‘laughing gas’) and analgesia (it eased the pain of his erupting wisdom tooth). Davy suggested inhalation of nitrous oxide during surgical operations, but this was not acted upon (that recurring theme again) though a slightly earlier event may indicate possible explanations. In 1784 a London surgeon, James Moore, published a description of nerve compression in producing numbness for limb surgery – most people have experienced this effect after falling asleep while lying on an arm. The method was used successfully for an amputation performed painlessly by John Hunter, the ‘father’ of modern surgery, yet there is no record of a repeat. Was it fear of complications, inconsistency of effect, or simply that minds were not yet attuned to the concept of surgery without pain?\n
      > \n
      > Davy went on to work at the Royal Institution in London, giving demonstrations of nitrous oxide and other discoveries of the age. In 1813, another scientist famous in later life, Michael Faraday, joined him as assistant and studied the inhalation of ether. He published his findings, which included soporific and analgesic effects, in 1818, but one subject had taken over 24 hours to recover full consciousness. Such an observation provides another explanation for failure to implement important observations – the difficulty of quantifying and controlling their effects.\n
      \n
      Then:\n
      \n
      > The story moves to the USA, specifically to Hartford, Connecticut on 10 December 1844, when Gardner Quincy Colton, a travelling showman, gave a demonstration of the latest discoveries, including inhalation of nitrous oxide. In the audience was Horace Wells, a local dentist who had mastered the art of using new materials to make dentures, and had sought ways of easing the pain of first removing the patient’s own rotten teeth. Here was a prepared mind, and Wells realized that he might have found a solution when a young man (one Samuel Cooley) who had inhaled the gas injured his shin without any apparent discomfort.\n
      \n
      …\n
      \n
      > Discussions led to an experiment the following morning during which Wells had one of his own teeth removed by a colleague, John Riggs, after Colton had administered the gas. Wells learned how to make nitrous oxide, and used it in his practice until he felt confident enough to demonstrate the technique at the nearest major medical centre, Boston. He gave a talk to a class of the Harvard Medical School and then administered the gas to one of them who, unfortunately for Wells, cried out when a tooth was removed. Even though the student remembered nothing Wells reacted badly (he was probably a manic depressive) to being dismissed as a charlatan and, although he continued to use nitrous oxide, he faded from the scene.\n
      > \n
      > However, William Morton, who had previously been both Wells’s student and later partner, had helped with the demonstration, and was made of sterner stuff, recognizing that a ‘better’ agent was required. He was by then a medical student at Harvard and consulted, among others, his chemistry teacher, Dr. Charles Jackson. What part Jackson actually played in Morton’s decision to use ether by inhalation became the subject of great controversy, but there is no doubt that it was Morton who studied it, tested it in animals and then tried it in his patients. Having been successful with these trials he offered to demonstrate his method to Dr. John Warren, surgeon at the Massachusetts General Hospital, and was invited to do so on 16 October 1846. Before a large audience, Morton administered ether vapour to Gilbert Abbott before Warren removed a tumour from Abbott’s neck without any sign of distress. A new era had dawned.\n
      \n
      [www.rcoa.ac.uk/…/history-anaesthesia](https://www.rcoa.ac.uk/about-college/heritage/history-anaesthesia)
      """
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"Scheb\TwoFactorBundle\Security\Authorization\Voter\TwoFactorInProgressVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
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"App\Security\Voter\EntryVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
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 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MessageThreadVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MessageVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\NotificationVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\OAuth2UserConsentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\PostCommentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\PostVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\UserVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN
Show voter details
45 DENIED edit 
App\Entity\Magazine {#264
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    **Also check out:**\n
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    **Partnered Communities:**\n
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    1.[Memes](/c/memes@lemmy.world)\n
    \n
    2.[Lemmy Review](/c/lemmyreview@lemmy.world)\n
    \n
    3.[Mildly Infuriating](/c/mildlyinfuriating@lemmy.world)\n
    \n
    4.[Lemmy Be Wholesome](/c/lemmybewholesome@lemmy.world)\n
    \n
    5.[No Stupid Questions](/c/nostupidquestions@lemmy.world)\n
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    6.[You Should Know](/c/youshouldknow@lemmy.world)\n
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    7.[Comedy Heaven](/c/comedyheaven@lemmy.world)\n
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    8.[Credible Defense](/c/credibledefense@sh.itjust.works)\n
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    9.[Ten Forward](/c/tenforward@lemmy.world)\n
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    10.[LinuxMemes](/c/linuxmemes@lemmy.world) (Linux themed memes)\n
    \n
    ---\n
    \n
    Reach out to\n
    \n
    *All communities included on the sidebar are to be made in compliance with the instance rules.* [Striker](https://lemmy.world/u/STRIKINGdebate2)
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"Scheb\TwoFactorBundle\Security\Authorization\Voter\TwoFactorInProgressVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\EntryCommentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\EntryVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MagazineVoter"
 ACCESS DENIED 
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 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\MessageVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\NotificationVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\OAuth2UserConsentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\PostCommentVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\PostVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN 
"App\Security\Voter\UserVoter"
 ACCESS ABSTAIN
Show voter details