GET https://kbin.spritesserver.nl/u/@HewlettHackard@lemmy.ca/comments/top

Response
200 OK
IP
18.116.61.213
Profiled on
Token
66e623

Components

20 Twig Components
102 Render Count
147 ms Render Time
12.0 MiB Memory Usage

Components

Name Metadata Render Count Render Time
settings_row_switch 
"App\Twig\Components\SettingsRowSwitchComponent"
components/_settings_row_switch.html.twig 		15 2.16ms
date 
"App\Twig\Components\DateComponent"
components/date.html.twig 		9 1.48ms
entry_comment 
"App\Twig\Components\EntryCommentComponent"
components/entry_comment.html.twig 		8 119.34ms
user_inline 
"App\Twig\Components\UserInlineComponent"
components/user_inline.html.twig 		8 1.38ms
date_edited 
"App\Twig\Components\DateEditedComponent"
components/date_edited.html.twig 		8 0.97ms
magazine_inline 
"App\Twig\Components\MagazineInlineComponent"
components/magazine_inline.html.twig 		8 1.09ms
entry_inline 
"App\Twig\Components\EntryInlineComponent"
components/entry_inline.html.twig 		8 1.16ms
user_avatar 
"App\Twig\Components\UserAvatarComponent"
components/user_avatar.html.twig 		8 1.15ms
vote 
"App\Twig\Components\VoteComponent"
components/vote.html.twig 		8 3.31ms
boost 
"App\Twig\Components\BoostComponent"
components/boost.html.twig 		8 6.07ms
user_settings_row_switch 
"App\Twig\Components\UserSettingsRowSwitchComponent"
components/_user_settings_row_switch.html.twig 		4 0.62ms
settings_row_enum 
"App\Twig\Components\SettingsRowEnumComponent"
components/_settings_row_enum.html.twig 		2 0.40ms
user_actions 
"App\Twig\Components\UserActionsComponent"
components/user_actions.html.twig 		1 0.43ms
related_magazines 
"App\Twig\Components\RelatedMagazinesComponent"
components/_cached.html.twig 		1 2.96ms
active_users 
"App\Twig\Components\ActiveUsersComponent"
components/_cached.html.twig 		1 0.20ms
related_categories 
"App\Twig\Components\RelatedCategoriesComponent"
components/_cached.html.twig 		1 1.29ms
related_posts 
"App\Twig\Components\RelatedPostsComponent"
components/_cached.html.twig 		1 12.71ms
related_entries 
"App\Twig\Components\RelatedEntriesComponent"
components/_cached.html.twig 		1 6.42ms
support_us_block 
"App\Twig\Components\SupportUsBlock"
components/_cached.html.twig 		1 0.19ms
featured_magazines 
"App\Twig\Components\FeaturedMagazinesComponent"
components/_cached.html.twig 		1 0.76ms

Render calls

entry_comment App\Twig\Components\EntryCommentComponent 12.0 MiB 24.89 ms
Input props 
[
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      +cover: null
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      +username: "@HewlettHackard@lemmy.ca"
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      +showSubscribedMagazines: true
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      +isBot: false
      +spamProtection: true
      +customCss: null
      +ignoreMagazinesCustomCss: false
      +moderatorTokens: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#248 …}
      +magazineOwnershipRequests: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#244 …}
      +moderatorRequests: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#233 …}
      +entries: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#191 …}
      +entryVotes: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#163 …}
      +entryComments: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#136 …}
      +entryCommentVotes: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#106 …}
      +posts: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#79 …}
      +postVotes: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#94 …}
      +postComments: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1793 …}
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      -totpSecret: null
      -totpBackupCodes: []
      -oAuth2UserConsents: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1896 …}
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        date: 2024-06-28 15:27:08.0 +02:00
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      +apDeletedAt: null
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      +visibility: "visible             "
      +createdAt: DateTimeImmutable @1687226897 {#273
        date: 2023-06-20 04:08:17.0 +02:00
      }
    }
    +entry: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Entry {#2381
      +user: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\User {#2303 …}
      +magazine: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Magazine {#2360
        +icon: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Image {#2736 …}
        +name: "askelectronics@discuss.tchncs.de"
        +title: "askelectronics"
        +description: """
          **For questions about component-level electronic circuits, tools and equipment.**\n
          \n
          Rules\n
          -----\n
          \n
          1: Be nice.\n
          \n
          2: Be on-topic (eg: *Electronic*, not *electrical*).\n
          \n
          3: No commercial stuff, buying, selling or valuations.\n
          \n
          4: Be safe.\n
          \n
          ---
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          date: 2024-10-20 10:40:08.0 +02:00
        }
        +markedForDeletionAt: null
        +tags: null
        +moderators: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2735 …}
        +ownershipRequests: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2733 …}
        +moderatorRequests: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2738 …}
        +entries: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2739 …}
        +posts: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2742 …}
        +subscriptions: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2744 …}
        +bans: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2750 …}
        +reports: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2758 …}
        +badges: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2771 …}
        +logs: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2781 …}
        +awards: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2763 …}
        +categories: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2787 …}
        -id: 11
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        +apPublicUrl: "https://discuss.tchncs.de/c/askelectronics"
        +apFollowersUrl: "https://discuss.tchncs.de/c/askelectronics/followers"
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          date: 2024-09-25 09:01:54.0 +02:00
        }
        +apDeletedAt: null
        +apTimeoutAt: null
        +visibility: "visible             "
        +createdAt: DateTimeImmutable @1687144409 {#2717
          date: 2023-06-19 05:13:29.0 +02:00
        }
        +__isInitialized__: true
         …2
      }
      +image: null
      +domain: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Domain {#2604 …}
      +slug: "Is-the-efficiency-of-a-DC-DC-converter-Load-independent"
      +title: "Is the efficiency of a DC DC converter Load independent?"
      +url: "https://www.meanwell.com/Upload/PDF/DDR-60/DDR-60-SPEC.PDF"
      +body: """
        I'm currently looking into various DC DC converters and was confused that the Meanwell DDR-60 series only shows a typical rating but says nothing about the efficiency at idle. From AC/DC converters I'm used to have a curve that starts at idle and maybe 70% and goes to 100% load, having the peak at ninetee something.\n
        \n
        (Edit: link goes directly to the PDF)
        """
      +type: "link"
      +lang: "en"
      +isOc: false
      +hasEmbed: false
      +commentCount: 4
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        date: 2023-06-28 11:27:34.0 +02:00
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      +ip: null
      +adaAmount: 0
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      +mentions: null
      +comments: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2603 …}
      +votes: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2601 …}
      +reports: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2598 …}
      +favourites: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2632 …}
      +notifications: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2628 …}
      +badges: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2645 …}
      +children: []
      -id: 437
      -titleTs: "'convert':8 'dc':6,7 'effici':3 'independ':10 'load':9"
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        date: 2023-06-25 12:26:33.0 +02:00
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      +__isInitialized__: true
       …2
    }
    +magazine: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Magazine {#2360 …2}
    +image: null
    +parent: null
    +root: null
    +body: "It’s similar to AC-DC. From a simplistic perspective, efficiency at idle will be 0% because the converter itself still uses *some* power, then efficiency increases with load since the converter overhead becomes less significant as the useful work increases. Googling “dc dc converter efficiency curve” gives plenty of results."
    +lang: "en"
    +isAdult: false
    +favouriteCount: 5
    +score: 0
    +lastActive: DateTime @1687737467 {#2079
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    +ip: null
    +tags: null
    +mentions: [
      "@ConductiveInsulation@feddit.de"
    ]
    +children: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2359 …}
    +nested: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2372 …}
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    +reports: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2385 …}
    +favourites: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2471 …}
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  "showNested" => false
  "dateAsUrl" => true
  "showMagazineName" => true
  "showEntryTitle" => true
]
Attributes 
[]
Component 
App\Twig\Components\EntryCommentComponent {#1990
  +comment: App\Entity\EntryComment {#2020
    +user: App\Entity\User {#261
      +avatar: null
      +cover: null
      +email: "HewlettHackard@lemmy.ca"
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      +roles: []
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      +spamProtection: true
      +customCss: null
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      +moderatorTokens: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#248 …}
      +magazineOwnershipRequests: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#244 …}
      +moderatorRequests: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#233 …}
      +entries: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#191 …}
      +entryVotes: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#163 …}
      +entryComments: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#136 …}
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    +entry: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Entry {#2381
      +user: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\User {#2303 …}
      +magazine: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Magazine {#2360
        +icon: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Image {#2736 …}
        +name: "askelectronics@discuss.tchncs.de"
        +title: "askelectronics"
        +description: """
          **For questions about component-level electronic circuits, tools and equipment.**\n
          \n
          Rules\n
          -----\n
          \n
          1: Be nice.\n
          \n
          2: Be on-topic (eg: *Electronic*, not *electrical*).\n
          \n
          3: No commercial stuff, buying, selling or valuations.\n
          \n
          4: Be safe.\n
          \n
          ---
          """
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          date: 2024-10-20 10:40:08.0 +02:00
        }
        +markedForDeletionAt: null
        +tags: null
        +moderators: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2735 …}
        +ownershipRequests: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2733 …}
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        +entries: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2739 …}
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        +subscriptions: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2744 …}
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        }
        +__isInitialized__: true
         …2
      }
      +image: null
      +domain: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Domain {#2604 …}
      +slug: "Is-the-efficiency-of-a-DC-DC-converter-Load-independent"
      +title: "Is the efficiency of a DC DC converter Load independent?"
      +url: "https://www.meanwell.com/Upload/PDF/DDR-60/DDR-60-SPEC.PDF"
      +body: """
        I'm currently looking into various DC DC converters and was confused that the Meanwell DDR-60 series only shows a typical rating but says nothing about the efficiency at idle. From AC/DC converters I'm used to have a curve that starts at idle and maybe 70% and goes to 100% load, having the peak at ninetee something.\n
        \n
        (Edit: link goes directly to the PDF)
        """
      +type: "link"
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      +commentCount: 4
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        date: 2023-06-28 11:27:34.0 +02:00
      }
      +ip: null
      +adaAmount: 0
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      +mentions: null
      +comments: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2603 …}
      +votes: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2601 …}
      +reports: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2598 …}
      +favourites: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2632 …}
      +notifications: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2628 …}
      +badges: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2645 …}
      +children: []
      -id: 437
      -titleTs: "'convert':8 'dc':6,7 'effici':3 'independ':10 'load':9"
      -bodyTs: "'-60':17 '100':52 '70':48 'ac/dc':33 'confus':12 'convert':9,34 'current':3 'curv':41 'dc':7,8 'ddr':16 'direct':63 'edit':60 'effici':29 'goe':50,62 'idl':31,45 'link':61 'load':53 'look':4 'm':2,36 'mayb':47 'meanwel':15 'ninete':58 'noth':26 'pdf':66 'peak':56 'rate':23 'say':25 'seri':18 'show':20 'someth':59 'start':43 'typic':22 'use':37 'various':6"
      +cross: false
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      }
      +createdAt: DateTimeImmutable @1687688793 {#2573
        date: 2023-06-25 12:26:33.0 +02:00
      }
      +__isInitialized__: true
       …2
    }
    +magazine: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Magazine {#2360 …2}
    +image: null
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user_inline App\Twig\Components\UserInlineComponent 12.0 MiB 0.29 ms
Input props 
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Attributes 
[]
Component 
App\Twig\Components\UserInlineComponent {#2658
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date App\Twig\Components\DateComponent 12.0 MiB 0.44 ms
Input props 
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]
Attributes 
[]
Component 
App\Twig\Components\DateComponent {#2811
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}
date_edited App\Twig\Components\DateEditedComponent 12.0 MiB 0.15 ms
Input props 
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Attributes 
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Component 
App\Twig\Components\DateEditedComponent {#2875
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}
magazine_inline App\Twig\Components\MagazineInlineComponent 12.0 MiB 0.19 ms
Input props 
[
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Attributes 
[]
Component 
App\Twig\Components\MagazineInlineComponent {#2940
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      Rules\n
      -----\n
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      2: Be on-topic (eg: *Electronic*, not *electrical*).\n
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}
entry_inline App\Twig\Components\EntryInlineComponent 12.0 MiB 0.25 ms
Input props 
[
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    +user: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\User {#2303 …}
    +magazine: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Magazine {#2360
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      +title: "askelectronics"
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]
Attributes 
[]
Component 
App\Twig\Components\EntryInlineComponent {#3003
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      +name: "askelectronics@discuss.tchncs.de"
      +title: "askelectronics"
      +description: """
        **For questions about component-level electronic circuits, tools and equipment.**\n
        \n
        Rules\n
        -----\n
        \n
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        \n
        2: Be on-topic (eg: *Electronic*, not *electrical*).\n
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        3: No commercial stuff, buying, selling or valuations.\n
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        4: Be safe.\n
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Input props 
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Component 
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vote App\Twig\Components\VoteComponent 12.0 MiB 0.47 ms
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        I'm currently looking into various DC DC converters and was confused that the Meanwell DDR-60 series only shows a typical rating but says nothing about the efficiency at idle. From AC/DC converters I'm used to have a curve that starts at idle and maybe 70% and goes to 100% load, having the peak at ninetee something.\n
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    +image: null
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    +body: "It’s similar to AC-DC. From a simplistic perspective, efficiency at idle will be 0% because the converter itself still uses *some* power, then efficiency increases with load since the converter overhead becomes less significant as the useful work increases. Googling “dc dc converter efficiency curve” gives plenty of results."
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        Hi everyone!\n
        \n
        I’m trying to control a “dumb” led light strip segment with an ESP-01S. This is fairly low current, the strip will pull 150mA-200mA max (depends on… artistic? needs).\n
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        \n
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        Any thought, other than getting something with more IO pins?
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      I’m trying to control a “dumb” led light strip segment with an ESP-01S. This is fairly low current, the strip will pull 150mA-200mA max (depends on… artistic? needs).\n
      \n
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      \n
      I’m not smart enough to come up with a way to have that extra pin I need to be high only during boot, while the gate it’s attached to needs to be pulled down…\n
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      Any thought, other than getting something with more IO pins?
      """
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        \n
        I have two NPN transistors (2N2222), one to control the 12V supply to the white “channel” and the other the red+blue (don’t need the green).\n
        \n
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        \n
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        \n
        I’m not smart enough to come up with a way to have that extra pin I need to be high only during boot, while the gate it’s attached to needs to be pulled down…\n
        \n
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        \n
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        \n
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}
user_inline App\Twig\Components\UserInlineComponent 12.0 MiB 0.15 ms
Input props 
[
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Attributes 
[]
Component 
App\Twig\Components\UserInlineComponent {#4319
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date App\Twig\Components\DateComponent 12.0 MiB 0.13 ms
Input props 
[
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]
Attributes 
[]
Component 
App\Twig\Components\DateComponent {#4375
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}
date_edited App\Twig\Components\DateEditedComponent 12.0 MiB 0.10 ms
Input props 
[
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]
Attributes 
[]
Component 
App\Twig\Components\DateEditedComponent {#4429
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}
magazine_inline App\Twig\Components\MagazineInlineComponent 12.0 MiB 0.13 ms
Input props 
[
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]
Attributes 
[]
Component 
App\Twig\Components\MagazineInlineComponent {#4483
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      \n
      3: No commercial stuff, buying, selling or valuations.\n
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      4: Be safe.\n
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     …2
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}
entry_inline App\Twig\Components\EntryInlineComponent 12.0 MiB 0.13 ms
Input props 
[
  "entry" => Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Entry {#2289
    +user: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\User {#2291 …}
    +magazine: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Magazine {#2360
      +icon: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Image {#2736 …}
      +name: "askelectronics@discuss.tchncs.de"
      +title: "askelectronics"
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        **For questions about component-level electronic circuits, tools and equipment.**\n
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]
Attributes 
[]
Component 
App\Twig\Components\EntryInlineComponent {#4538
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      +name: "askelectronics@discuss.tchncs.de"
      +title: "askelectronics"
      +description: """
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      +markedForDeletionAt: null
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Input props 
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Attributes 
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App\Twig\Components\VoteComponent {#4662
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      +body: "Would a circuit like [this power-on reset circuit](https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/630155/question-about-capacitor-and-resistor-in-power-on-reset-circuit) work for your application?"
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      The 7333A is a linear regulator, which means it drops voltage by converting power to heat. Typically those make sense when the input voltage is close to the output voltage or the load is *very* small. If it’s getting too hot, the load is high enough that the efficiency will be very bad…whether or not this is a problem depends on your application.\n
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      Can you use a tiny buck converter instead? Or a larger package for the linear regulator that can add a small heat sink?\n
      \n
      As for your actual circuit, the second transistor is an interesting idea (you’re using it to invert the state so you can have the GPIO pulled in the non-problematic direction?) and I don’t have enough experience to give further suggestions.
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        +title: "askelectronics"
        +description: """
          **For questions about component-level electronic circuits, tools and equipment.**\n
          \n
          Rules\n
          -----\n
          \n
          1: Be nice.\n
          \n
          2: Be on-topic (eg: *Electronic*, not *electrical*).\n
          \n
          3: No commercial stuff, buying, selling or valuations.\n
          \n
          4: Be safe.\n
          \n
          ---
          """
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        Hi everyone!\n
        \n
        I’m trying to control a “dumb” led light strip segment with an ESP-01S. This is fairly low current, the strip will pull 150mA-200mA max (depends on… artistic? needs).\n
        \n
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        \n
        I’m not smart enough to come up with a way to have that extra pin I need to be high only during boot, while the gate it’s attached to needs to be pulled down…\n
        \n
        Any thought, other than getting something with more IO pins?
        """
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      +body: "Would a circuit like [this power-on reset circuit](https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/630155/question-about-capacitor-and-resistor-in-power-on-reset-circuit) work for your application?"
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      The 7333A is a linear regulator, which means it drops voltage by converting power to heat. Typically those make sense when the input voltage is close to the output voltage or the load is *very* small. If it’s getting too hot, the load is high enough that the efficiency will be very bad…whether or not this is a problem depends on your application.\n
      \n
      Some random site claims 170mA and another claims up to 400mA. 170mA * 8.7V (12V in minus 3.3V out) = about 1.5 watts, which is too much for a TO-92 package.\n
      \n
      Can you use a tiny buck converter instead? Or a larger package for the linear regulator that can add a small heat sink?\n
      \n
      As for your actual circuit, the second transistor is an interesting idea (you’re using it to invert the state so you can have the GPIO pulled in the non-problematic direction?) and I don’t have enough experience to give further suggestions.
      """
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      Hi everyone!\n
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      I’m trying to control a “dumb” led light strip segment with an ESP-01S. This is fairly low current, the strip will pull 150mA-200mA max (depends on… artistic? needs).\n
      \n
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      \n
      I’m not smart enough to come up with a way to have that extra pin I need to be high only during boot, while the gate it’s attached to needs to be pulled down…\n
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      Any thought, other than getting something with more IO pins?
      """
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          \n
          Rules\n
          -----\n
          \n
          1: Be nice.\n
          \n
          2: Be on-topic (eg: *Electronic*, not *electrical*).\n
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        Hi everyone!\n
        \n
        I’m trying to control a “dumb” led light strip segment with an ESP-01S. This is fairly low current, the strip will pull 150mA-200mA max (depends on… artistic? needs).\n
        \n
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        I had to pull-down the gates as I had some flickering, and it works perfectly if I manually connect the GPIOs **after** the ESP-01S boots.\n
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        The ESP will boot if I have the RX pin (GPIO03) pulled down on boot, but not if I pull down any of the others.\n
        \n
        I’m not smart enough to come up with a way to have that extra pin I need to be high only during boot, while the gate it’s attached to needs to be pulled down…\n
        \n
        Any thought, other than getting something with more IO pins?
        """
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      +body: "Would a circuit like [this power-on reset circuit](https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/630155/question-about-capacitor-and-resistor-in-power-on-reset-circuit) work for your application?"
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      The 7333A is a linear regulator, which means it drops voltage by converting power to heat. Typically those make sense when the input voltage is close to the output voltage or the load is *very* small. If it’s getting too hot, the load is high enough that the efficiency will be very bad…whether or not this is a problem depends on your application.\n
      \n
      Some random site claims 170mA and another claims up to 400mA. 170mA * 8.7V (12V in minus 3.3V out) = about 1.5 watts, which is too much for a TO-92 package.\n
      \n
      Can you use a tiny buck converter instead? Or a larger package for the linear regulator that can add a small heat sink?\n
      \n
      As for your actual circuit, the second transistor is an interesting idea (you’re using it to invert the state so you can have the GPIO pulled in the non-problematic direction?) and I don’t have enough experience to give further suggestions.
      """
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          \n
          Rules\n
          -----\n
          \n
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        Hi everyone!\n
        \n
        I’m trying to control a “dumb” led light strip segment with an ESP-01S. This is fairly low current, the strip will pull 150mA-200mA max (depends on… artistic? needs).\n
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        Any thought, other than getting something with more IO pins?
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      The 7333A is a linear regulator, which means it drops voltage by converting power to heat. Typically those make sense when the input voltage is close to the output voltage or the load is *very* small. If it’s getting too hot, the load is high enough that the efficiency will be very bad…whether or not this is a problem depends on your application.\n
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      Some random site claims 170mA and another claims up to 400mA. 170mA * 8.7V (12V in minus 3.3V out) = about 1.5 watts, which is too much for a TO-92 package.\n
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      Can you use a tiny buck converter instead? Or a larger package for the linear regulator that can add a small heat sink?\n
      \n
      As for your actual circuit, the second transistor is an interesting idea (you’re using it to invert the state so you can have the GPIO pulled in the non-problematic direction?) and I don’t have enough experience to give further suggestions.
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        Hi everyone!\n
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        I’m trying to control a “dumb” led light strip segment with an ESP-01S. This is fairly low current, the strip will pull 150mA-200mA max (depends on… artistic? needs).\n
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        The ESP will boot if I have the RX pin (GPIO03) pulled down on boot, but not if I pull down any of the others.\n
        \n
        I’m not smart enough to come up with a way to have that extra pin I need to be high only during boot, while the gate it’s attached to needs to be pulled down…\n
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      The 7333A is a linear regulator, which means it drops voltage by converting power to heat. Typically those make sense when the input voltage is close to the output voltage or the load is *very* small. If it’s getting too hot, the load is high enough that the efficiency will be very bad…whether or not this is a problem depends on your application.\n
      \n
      Some random site claims 170mA and another claims up to 400mA. 170mA * 8.7V (12V in minus 3.3V out) = about 1.5 watts, which is too much for a TO-92 package.\n
      \n
      Can you use a tiny buck converter instead? Or a larger package for the linear regulator that can add a small heat sink?\n
      \n
      As for your actual circuit, the second transistor is an interesting idea (you’re using it to invert the state so you can have the GPIO pulled in the non-problematic direction?) and I don’t have enough experience to give further suggestions.
      """
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        Hi everyone!\n
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        I’m trying to control a “dumb” led light strip segment with an ESP-01S. This is fairly low current, the strip will pull 150mA-200mA max (depends on… artistic? needs).\n
        \n
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        Any thought, other than getting something with more IO pins?
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      +body: "Would a circuit like [this power-on reset circuit](https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/630155/question-about-capacitor-and-resistor-in-power-on-reset-circuit) work for your application?"
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      The 7333A is a linear regulator, which means it drops voltage by converting power to heat. Typically those make sense when the input voltage is close to the output voltage or the load is *very* small. If it’s getting too hot, the load is high enough that the efficiency will be very bad…whether or not this is a problem depends on your application.\n
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      Some random site claims 170mA and another claims up to 400mA. 170mA * 8.7V (12V in minus 3.3V out) = about 1.5 watts, which is too much for a TO-92 package.\n
      \n
      Can you use a tiny buck converter instead? Or a larger package for the linear regulator that can add a small heat sink?\n
      \n
      As for your actual circuit, the second transistor is an interesting idea (you’re using it to invert the state so you can have the GPIO pulled in the non-problematic direction?) and I don’t have enough experience to give further suggestions.
      """
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        Hi everyone!\n
        \n
        I’m trying to control a “dumb” led light strip segment with an ESP-01S. This is fairly low current, the strip will pull 150mA-200mA max (depends on… artistic? needs).\n
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        I’m not smart enough to come up with a way to have that extra pin I need to be high only during boot, while the gate it’s attached to needs to be pulled down…\n
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        Any thought, other than getting something with more IO pins?
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        Hi everyone!\n
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        I’m trying to control a “dumb” led light strip segment with an ESP-01S. This is fairly low current, the strip will pull 150mA-200mA max (depends on… artistic? needs).\n
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        I’m not smart enough to come up with a way to have that extra pin I need to be high only during boot, while the gate it’s attached to needs to be pulled down…\n
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    +body: "I’m not entirely clear on the problem, but yes - the circuit as drawn makes the microcontroller pin start high, then fall after some time. Do you need the microcontroller pin to have a different voltage than the transistor base (I assume when you said gate you mean base…gates are for FETs), or is this good enough?"
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      Hi everyone!\n
      \n
      I’m trying to control a “dumb” led light strip segment with an ESP-01S. This is fairly low current, the strip will pull 150mA-200mA max (depends on… artistic? needs).\n
      \n
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      I had to pull-down the gates as I had some flickering, and it works perfectly if I manually connect the GPIOs **after** the ESP-01S boots.\n
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      \n
      I’m not smart enough to come up with a way to have that extra pin I need to be high only during boot, while the gate it’s attached to needs to be pulled down…\n
      \n
      Any thought, other than getting something with more IO pins?
      """
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        \n
        Rules\n
        -----\n
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      Hi everyone!\n
      \n
      I’m trying to control a “dumb” led light strip segment with an ESP-01S. This is fairly low current, the strip will pull 150mA-200mA max (depends on… artistic? needs).\n
      \n
      I have two NPN transistors (2N2222), one to control the 12V supply to the white “channel” and the other the red+blue (don’t need the green).\n
      \n
      I had to pull-down the gates as I had some flickering, and it works perfectly if I manually connect the GPIOs **after** the ESP-01S boots.\n
      \n
      The ESP will boot if I have the RX pin (GPIO03) pulled down on boot, but not if I pull down any of the others.\n
      \n
      I’m not smart enough to come up with a way to have that extra pin I need to be high only during boot, while the gate it’s attached to needs to be pulled down…\n
      \n
      Any thought, other than getting something with more IO pins?
      """
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        Hi everyone!\n
        \n
        I’m trying to control a “dumb” led light strip segment with an ESP-01S. This is fairly low current, the strip will pull 150mA-200mA max (depends on… artistic? needs).\n
        \n
        I have two NPN transistors (2N2222), one to control the 12V supply to the white “channel” and the other the red+blue (don’t need the green).\n
        \n
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        \n
        The ESP will boot if I have the RX pin (GPIO03) pulled down on boot, but not if I pull down any of the others.\n
        \n
        I’m not smart enough to come up with a way to have that extra pin I need to be high only during boot, while the gate it’s attached to needs to be pulled down…\n
        \n
        Any thought, other than getting something with more IO pins?
        """
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        I’m not smart enough to come up with a way to have that extra pin I need to be high only during boot, while the gate it’s attached to needs to be pulled down…\n
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        Any thought, other than getting something with more IO pins?
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Component 
App\Twig\Components\DateComponent {#6493
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Input props 
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Attributes 
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Component 
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Input props 
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        \n
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        -----\n
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      So, there are these great 32700 LiFePO4 batteries that showed up in my local industrial market. For like USD 2$!\n
      \n
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      Charge speed is not really important in my application. Anything under 4 hours is great. Frankly, I’m just trying to phase out the less safe kinds of lithium cell in my lab.
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}
user_avatar App\Twig\Components\UserAvatarComponent 12.0 MiB 0.12 ms
Input props 
[
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]
Attributes 
[]
Component 
App\Twig\Components\UserAvatarComponent {#6711
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}
vote App\Twig\Components\VoteComponent 12.0 MiB 0.41 ms
Input props 
[
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    +entry: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Entry {#2343
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        +name: "askelectronics@discuss.tchncs.de"
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        +description: """
          **For questions about component-level electronic circuits, tools and equipment.**\n
          \n
          Rules\n
          -----\n
          \n
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          \n
          2: Be on-topic (eg: *Electronic*, not *electrical*).\n
          \n
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          \n
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         …2
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      +image: null
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      +slug: "Sanity-check-for-LiFePO4-Charger-Design"
      +title: "Sanity check for LiFePO4 Charger Design"
      +url: null
      +body: """
        So, there are these great 32700 LiFePO4 batteries that showed up in my local industrial market. For like USD 2$!\n
        \n
        However, there are no LiFePO4 chargers available. The vendors assure me I can “totally use” a 4.2V Li-ion charger, but I don’t believe them (although the cells test as being in good shape).\n
        \n
        I whipped up a 5V system with a buck converter managed by an MCU. It turns off the buck converter that charges the battery, measures the battery voltage, and if it’s under 3.6V it enables the buck converter. Repeats every few 100s of milliseconds.\n
        \n
        Did I overengineer this? Could I have just used a linear voltage regulator that outputs 3.6V (or a Zener), and a current-limited 5v power supply?\n
        \n
        Charge speed is not really important in my application. Anything under 4 hours is great. Frankly, I’m just trying to phase out the less safe kinds of lithium cell in my lab.
        """
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       …2
    }
    +magazine: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Magazine {#2360 …2}
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    +body: "LFP cells have excellent cycle life anyway (2000+ cycles); is it worth worrying about staying at 95%?"
    +lang: "en"
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      "@ignotum@lemmy.world"
      "@nilloc@discuss.tchncs.de"
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]
Attributes 
[]
Component 
App\Twig\Components\VoteComponent {#6780
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        So, there are these great 32700 LiFePO4 batteries that showed up in my local industrial market. For like USD 2$!\n
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        cross-posted from: [sh.itjust.works/post/13637559](https://sh.itjust.works/post/13637559)\n
        \n
        > Hello everyone, I need some advice.\n
        > \n
        > I am making custom PCBs for a project of mine. It’s basically for a little remotely controlled robot using little DC motors. I chose the Seeed Studio XIAO ESP32C3 as the uC since it has inbuilt wifi/bt, 3.3V regulator that I can use to power the motors (can source up to 700mA) and lipo charging management (the robots will run on battery). As you can see from [here](https://www.seeedstudio.com/Seeed-XIAO-ESP32C3-p-5431.html), the microcontroller is surface mounted and the pads for the battery are on the bottom layer. Same story goes for the thermal pad of the microcontroller and the thermal pad of the motor driver ([datasheet](https://www.tme.eu/Document/9504b4c07574a91a7b207d08475bca04/A3901.pdf)). I have worked with SMD components in the past and can solder them by hand, but I have never worked with SMD components that have thermal pads on the bottom layer. My question is: how to manage (route?) them? My PCB is 2-layer and I was planning on having both layers filled with a ground plane. Do I just connect thermal pads to the ground plane and call it a day? Wouldn’t that make the components hard to solder with hot air? Do I make an isolated polygon that only acts as a thermal pad?\n
        > \n
        > Speaking of soldering is even hot air the way to go in this case? My PCB has components on both sides, and I was planning on ordering stencils together with the boards and using solder paste, placing the components and then using hot air to solder the components in place. I thought a hot plate would be better but I don’t have access to one and I don’t know how that works with components on both sides.\n
        > \n
        > I attached some photos of the PCB in Kicad, and [here’s](https://github.com/EmaMaker/AMazeIng-robots) the git repo. If it is of any help, I’m planning of having them manifactured by JLCPCB. It is also my first time using KiCad, so go easy on me :)\n
        > \n
        > Thanks!\n
        > \n
        > [![](https://files.catbox.moe/ztw2pb.png)](https://files.catbox.moe/ztw2pb.png)\n
        > \n
        > [![](https://files.catbox.moe/hytn9j.png)](https://files.catbox.moe/hytn9j.png)\n
        > \n
        > [![](https://files.catbox.moe/l9nqcb.png)](https://files.catbox.moe/l9nqcb.png)
        """
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      > Do I just connect thermal pads to the ground plane and call it a day?\n
      \n
      Yup.\n
      \n
      > Wouldn’t that make the components hard to solder with hot air?\n
      \n
      Sorry, I’ve never tried hot air assembly.\n
      \n
      > Do I make an isolated polygon that only acts as a thermal pad?\n
      \n
      Ideally the copper area is big to spread out the heat. If you have an isolated polygon it can’t spread very far and buys you less cooling.
      """
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        cross-posted from: [sh.itjust.works/post/13637559](https://sh.itjust.works/post/13637559)\n
        \n
        > Hello everyone, I need some advice.\n
        > \n
        > I am making custom PCBs for a project of mine. It’s basically for a little remotely controlled robot using little DC motors. I chose the Seeed Studio XIAO ESP32C3 as the uC since it has inbuilt wifi/bt, 3.3V regulator that I can use to power the motors (can source up to 700mA) and lipo charging management (the robots will run on battery). As you can see from [here](https://www.seeedstudio.com/Seeed-XIAO-ESP32C3-p-5431.html), the microcontroller is surface mounted and the pads for the battery are on the bottom layer. Same story goes for the thermal pad of the microcontroller and the thermal pad of the motor driver ([datasheet](https://www.tme.eu/Document/9504b4c07574a91a7b207d08475bca04/A3901.pdf)). I have worked with SMD components in the past and can solder them by hand, but I have never worked with SMD components that have thermal pads on the bottom layer. My question is: how to manage (route?) them? My PCB is 2-layer and I was planning on having both layers filled with a ground plane. Do I just connect thermal pads to the ground plane and call it a day? Wouldn’t that make the components hard to solder with hot air? Do I make an isolated polygon that only acts as a thermal pad?\n
        > \n
        > Speaking of soldering is even hot air the way to go in this case? My PCB has components on both sides, and I was planning on ordering stencils together with the boards and using solder paste, placing the components and then using hot air to solder the components in place. I thought a hot plate would be better but I don’t have access to one and I don’t know how that works with components on both sides.\n
        > \n
        > I attached some photos of the PCB in Kicad, and [here’s](https://github.com/EmaMaker/AMazeIng-robots) the git repo. If it is of any help, I’m planning of having them manifactured by JLCPCB. It is also my first time using KiCad, so go easy on me :)\n
        > \n
        > Thanks!\n
        > \n
        > [![](https://files.catbox.moe/ztw2pb.png)](https://files.catbox.moe/ztw2pb.png)\n
        > \n
        > [![](https://files.catbox.moe/hytn9j.png)](https://files.catbox.moe/hytn9j.png)\n
        > \n
        > [![](https://files.catbox.moe/l9nqcb.png)](https://files.catbox.moe/l9nqcb.png)
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    +image: null
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    +root: null
    +body: """
      > Do I just connect thermal pads to the ground plane and call it a day?\n
      \n
      Yup.\n
      \n
      > Wouldn’t that make the components hard to solder with hot air?\n
      \n
      Sorry, I’ve never tried hot air assembly.\n
      \n
      > Do I make an isolated polygon that only acts as a thermal pad?\n
      \n
      Ideally the copper area is big to spread out the heat. If you have an isolated polygon it can’t spread very far and buys you less cooling.
      """
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user_inline App\Twig\Components\UserInlineComponent 12.0 MiB 0.18 ms
Input props 
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App\Twig\Components\DateComponent {#7723
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Component 
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Input props 
[
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Component 
App\Twig\Components\MagazineInlineComponent {#7831
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entry_inline App\Twig\Components\EntryInlineComponent 12.0 MiB 0.13 ms
Input props 
[
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    +user: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\User {#7641 …}
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    +domain: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Domain {#3576 …}
    +slug: "Advice-Request-managing-thermal-pads-for-SMD-components-in-custom"
    +title: "[Advice Request]: managing thermal pads for SMD components in custom PCB"
    +url: null
    +body: """
      cross-posted from: [sh.itjust.works/post/13637559](https://sh.itjust.works/post/13637559)\n
      \n
      > Hello everyone, I need some advice.\n
      > \n
      > I am making custom PCBs for a project of mine. It’s basically for a little remotely controlled robot using little DC motors. I chose the Seeed Studio XIAO ESP32C3 as the uC since it has inbuilt wifi/bt, 3.3V regulator that I can use to power the motors (can source up to 700mA) and lipo charging management (the robots will run on battery). As you can see from [here](https://www.seeedstudio.com/Seeed-XIAO-ESP32C3-p-5431.html), the microcontroller is surface mounted and the pads for the battery are on the bottom layer. Same story goes for the thermal pad of the microcontroller and the thermal pad of the motor driver ([datasheet](https://www.tme.eu/Document/9504b4c07574a91a7b207d08475bca04/A3901.pdf)). I have worked with SMD components in the past and can solder them by hand, but I have never worked with SMD components that have thermal pads on the bottom layer. My question is: how to manage (route?) them? My PCB is 2-layer and I was planning on having both layers filled with a ground plane. Do I just connect thermal pads to the ground plane and call it a day? Wouldn’t that make the components hard to solder with hot air? Do I make an isolated polygon that only acts as a thermal pad?\n
      > \n
      > Speaking of soldering is even hot air the way to go in this case? My PCB has components on both sides, and I was planning on ordering stencils together with the boards and using solder paste, placing the components and then using hot air to solder the components in place. I thought a hot plate would be better but I don’t have access to one and I don’t know how that works with components on both sides.\n
      > \n
      > I attached some photos of the PCB in Kicad, and [here’s](https://github.com/EmaMaker/AMazeIng-robots) the git repo. If it is of any help, I’m planning of having them manifactured by JLCPCB. It is also my first time using KiCad, so go easy on me :)\n
      > \n
      > Thanks!\n
      > \n
      > [![](https://files.catbox.moe/ztw2pb.png)](https://files.catbox.moe/ztw2pb.png)\n
      > \n
      > [![](https://files.catbox.moe/hytn9j.png)](https://files.catbox.moe/hytn9j.png)\n
      > \n
      > [![](https://files.catbox.moe/l9nqcb.png)](https://files.catbox.moe/l9nqcb.png)
      """
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Attributes 
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Component 
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      +title: "askelectronics"
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        \n
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    +title: "[Advice Request]: managing thermal pads for SMD components in custom PCB"
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    +body: """
      cross-posted from: [sh.itjust.works/post/13637559](https://sh.itjust.works/post/13637559)\n
      \n
      > Hello everyone, I need some advice.\n
      > \n
      > I am making custom PCBs for a project of mine. It’s basically for a little remotely controlled robot using little DC motors. I chose the Seeed Studio XIAO ESP32C3 as the uC since it has inbuilt wifi/bt, 3.3V regulator that I can use to power the motors (can source up to 700mA) and lipo charging management (the robots will run on battery). As you can see from [here](https://www.seeedstudio.com/Seeed-XIAO-ESP32C3-p-5431.html), the microcontroller is surface mounted and the pads for the battery are on the bottom layer. Same story goes for the thermal pad of the microcontroller and the thermal pad of the motor driver ([datasheet](https://www.tme.eu/Document/9504b4c07574a91a7b207d08475bca04/A3901.pdf)). I have worked with SMD components in the past and can solder them by hand, but I have never worked with SMD components that have thermal pads on the bottom layer. My question is: how to manage (route?) them? My PCB is 2-layer and I was planning on having both layers filled with a ground plane. Do I just connect thermal pads to the ground plane and call it a day? Wouldn’t that make the components hard to solder with hot air? Do I make an isolated polygon that only acts as a thermal pad?\n
      > \n
      > Speaking of soldering is even hot air the way to go in this case? My PCB has components on both sides, and I was planning on ordering stencils together with the boards and using solder paste, placing the components and then using hot air to solder the components in place. I thought a hot plate would be better but I don’t have access to one and I don’t know how that works with components on both sides.\n
      > \n
      > I attached some photos of the PCB in Kicad, and [here’s](https://github.com/EmaMaker/AMazeIng-robots) the git repo. If it is of any help, I’m planning of having them manifactured by JLCPCB. It is also my first time using KiCad, so go easy on me :)\n
      > \n
      > Thanks!\n
      > \n
      > [![](https://files.catbox.moe/ztw2pb.png)](https://files.catbox.moe/ztw2pb.png)\n
      > \n
      > [![](https://files.catbox.moe/hytn9j.png)](https://files.catbox.moe/hytn9j.png)\n
      > \n
      > [![](https://files.catbox.moe/l9nqcb.png)](https://files.catbox.moe/l9nqcb.png)
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user_avatar App\Twig\Components\UserAvatarComponent 12.0 MiB 0.13 ms
Input props 
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Attributes 
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Component 
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vote App\Twig\Components\VoteComponent 12.0 MiB 0.37 ms
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        cross-posted from: [sh.itjust.works/post/13637559](https://sh.itjust.works/post/13637559)\n
        \n
        > Hello everyone, I need some advice.\n
        > \n
        > I am making custom PCBs for a project of mine. It’s basically for a little remotely controlled robot using little DC motors. I chose the Seeed Studio XIAO ESP32C3 as the uC since it has inbuilt wifi/bt, 3.3V regulator that I can use to power the motors (can source up to 700mA) and lipo charging management (the robots will run on battery). As you can see from [here](https://www.seeedstudio.com/Seeed-XIAO-ESP32C3-p-5431.html), the microcontroller is surface mounted and the pads for the battery are on the bottom layer. Same story goes for the thermal pad of the microcontroller and the thermal pad of the motor driver ([datasheet](https://www.tme.eu/Document/9504b4c07574a91a7b207d08475bca04/A3901.pdf)). I have worked with SMD components in the past and can solder them by hand, but I have never worked with SMD components that have thermal pads on the bottom layer. My question is: how to manage (route?) them? My PCB is 2-layer and I was planning on having both layers filled with a ground plane. Do I just connect thermal pads to the ground plane and call it a day? Wouldn’t that make the components hard to solder with hot air? Do I make an isolated polygon that only acts as a thermal pad?\n
        > \n
        > Speaking of soldering is even hot air the way to go in this case? My PCB has components on both sides, and I was planning on ordering stencils together with the boards and using solder paste, placing the components and then using hot air to solder the components in place. I thought a hot plate would be better but I don’t have access to one and I don’t know how that works with components on both sides.\n
        > \n
        > I attached some photos of the PCB in Kicad, and [here’s](https://github.com/EmaMaker/AMazeIng-robots) the git repo. If it is of any help, I’m planning of having them manifactured by JLCPCB. It is also my first time using KiCad, so go easy on me :)\n
        > \n
        > Thanks!\n
        > \n
        > [![](https://files.catbox.moe/ztw2pb.png)](https://files.catbox.moe/ztw2pb.png)\n
        > \n
        > [![](https://files.catbox.moe/hytn9j.png)](https://files.catbox.moe/hytn9j.png)\n
        > \n
        > [![](https://files.catbox.moe/l9nqcb.png)](https://files.catbox.moe/l9nqcb.png)
        """
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      > Do I just connect thermal pads to the ground plane and call it a day?\n
      \n
      Yup.\n
      \n
      > Wouldn’t that make the components hard to solder with hot air?\n
      \n
      Sorry, I’ve never tried hot air assembly.\n
      \n
      > Do I make an isolated polygon that only acts as a thermal pad?\n
      \n
      Ideally the copper area is big to spread out the heat. If you have an isolated polygon it can’t spread very far and buys you less cooling.
      """
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        cross-posted from: [sh.itjust.works/post/13637559](https://sh.itjust.works/post/13637559)\n
        \n
        > Hello everyone, I need some advice.\n
        > \n
        > I am making custom PCBs for a project of mine. It’s basically for a little remotely controlled robot using little DC motors. I chose the Seeed Studio XIAO ESP32C3 as the uC since it has inbuilt wifi/bt, 3.3V regulator that I can use to power the motors (can source up to 700mA) and lipo charging management (the robots will run on battery). As you can see from [here](https://www.seeedstudio.com/Seeed-XIAO-ESP32C3-p-5431.html), the microcontroller is surface mounted and the pads for the battery are on the bottom layer. Same story goes for the thermal pad of the microcontroller and the thermal pad of the motor driver ([datasheet](https://www.tme.eu/Document/9504b4c07574a91a7b207d08475bca04/A3901.pdf)). I have worked with SMD components in the past and can solder them by hand, but I have never worked with SMD components that have thermal pads on the bottom layer. My question is: how to manage (route?) them? My PCB is 2-layer and I was planning on having both layers filled with a ground plane. Do I just connect thermal pads to the ground plane and call it a day? Wouldn’t that make the components hard to solder with hot air? Do I make an isolated polygon that only acts as a thermal pad?\n
        > \n
        > Speaking of soldering is even hot air the way to go in this case? My PCB has components on both sides, and I was planning on ordering stencils together with the boards and using solder paste, placing the components and then using hot air to solder the components in place. I thought a hot plate would be better but I don’t have access to one and I don’t know how that works with components on both sides.\n
        > \n
        > I attached some photos of the PCB in Kicad, and [here’s](https://github.com/EmaMaker/AMazeIng-robots) the git repo. If it is of any help, I’m planning of having them manifactured by JLCPCB. It is also my first time using KiCad, so go easy on me :)\n
        > \n
        > Thanks!\n
        > \n
        > [![](https://files.catbox.moe/ztw2pb.png)](https://files.catbox.moe/ztw2pb.png)\n
        > \n
        > [![](https://files.catbox.moe/hytn9j.png)](https://files.catbox.moe/hytn9j.png)\n
        > \n
        > [![](https://files.catbox.moe/l9nqcb.png)](https://files.catbox.moe/l9nqcb.png)
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      > Do I just connect thermal pads to the ground plane and call it a day?\n
      \n
      Yup.\n
      \n
      > Wouldn’t that make the components hard to solder with hot air?\n
      \n
      Sorry, I’ve never tried hot air assembly.\n
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      > Do I make an isolated polygon that only acts as a thermal pad?\n
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        cross-posted from: [sh.itjust.works/post/13637559](https://sh.itjust.works/post/13637559)\n
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        > Hello everyone, I need some advice.\n
        > \n
        > I am making custom PCBs for a project of mine. It’s basically for a little remotely controlled robot using little DC motors. I chose the Seeed Studio XIAO ESP32C3 as the uC since it has inbuilt wifi/bt, 3.3V regulator that I can use to power the motors (can source up to 700mA) and lipo charging management (the robots will run on battery). As you can see from [here](https://www.seeedstudio.com/Seeed-XIAO-ESP32C3-p-5431.html), the microcontroller is surface mounted and the pads for the battery are on the bottom layer. Same story goes for the thermal pad of the microcontroller and the thermal pad of the motor driver ([datasheet](https://www.tme.eu/Document/9504b4c07574a91a7b207d08475bca04/A3901.pdf)). I have worked with SMD components in the past and can solder them by hand, but I have never worked with SMD components that have thermal pads on the bottom layer. My question is: how to manage (route?) them? My PCB is 2-layer and I was planning on having both layers filled with a ground plane. Do I just connect thermal pads to the ground plane and call it a day? Wouldn’t that make the components hard to solder with hot air? Do I make an isolated polygon that only acts as a thermal pad?\n
        > \n
        > Speaking of soldering is even hot air the way to go in this case? My PCB has components on both sides, and I was planning on ordering stencils together with the boards and using solder paste, placing the components and then using hot air to solder the components in place. I thought a hot plate would be better but I don’t have access to one and I don’t know how that works with components on both sides.\n
        > \n
        > I attached some photos of the PCB in Kicad, and [here’s](https://github.com/EmaMaker/AMazeIng-robots) the git repo. If it is of any help, I’m planning of having them manifactured by JLCPCB. It is also my first time using KiCad, so go easy on me :)\n
        > \n
        > Thanks!\n
        > \n
        > [![](https://files.catbox.moe/ztw2pb.png)](https://files.catbox.moe/ztw2pb.png)\n
        > \n
        > [![](https://files.catbox.moe/hytn9j.png)](https://files.catbox.moe/hytn9j.png)\n
        > \n
        > [![](https://files.catbox.moe/l9nqcb.png)](https://files.catbox.moe/l9nqcb.png)
        """
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      > Do I just connect thermal pads to the ground plane and call it a day?\n
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      Yup.\n
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      > Wouldn’t that make the components hard to solder with hot air?\n
      \n
      Sorry, I’ve never tried hot air assembly.\n
      \n
      > Do I make an isolated polygon that only acts as a thermal pad?\n
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      +body: """
        cross-posted from: [sh.itjust.works/post/13637559](https://sh.itjust.works/post/13637559)\n
        \n
        > Hello everyone, I need some advice.\n
        > \n
        > I am making custom PCBs for a project of mine. It’s basically for a little remotely controlled robot using little DC motors. I chose the Seeed Studio XIAO ESP32C3 as the uC since it has inbuilt wifi/bt, 3.3V regulator that I can use to power the motors (can source up to 700mA) and lipo charging management (the robots will run on battery). As you can see from [here](https://www.seeedstudio.com/Seeed-XIAO-ESP32C3-p-5431.html), the microcontroller is surface mounted and the pads for the battery are on the bottom layer. Same story goes for the thermal pad of the microcontroller and the thermal pad of the motor driver ([datasheet](https://www.tme.eu/Document/9504b4c07574a91a7b207d08475bca04/A3901.pdf)). I have worked with SMD components in the past and can solder them by hand, but I have never worked with SMD components that have thermal pads on the bottom layer. My question is: how to manage (route?) them? My PCB is 2-layer and I was planning on having both layers filled with a ground plane. Do I just connect thermal pads to the ground plane and call it a day? Wouldn’t that make the components hard to solder with hot air? Do I make an isolated polygon that only acts as a thermal pad?\n
        > \n
        > Speaking of soldering is even hot air the way to go in this case? My PCB has components on both sides, and I was planning on ordering stencils together with the boards and using solder paste, placing the components and then using hot air to solder the components in place. I thought a hot plate would be better but I don’t have access to one and I don’t know how that works with components on both sides.\n
        > \n
        > I attached some photos of the PCB in Kicad, and [here’s](https://github.com/EmaMaker/AMazeIng-robots) the git repo. If it is of any help, I’m planning of having them manifactured by JLCPCB. It is also my first time using KiCad, so go easy on me :)\n
        > \n
        > Thanks!\n
        > \n
        > [![](https://files.catbox.moe/ztw2pb.png)](https://files.catbox.moe/ztw2pb.png)\n
        > \n
        > [![](https://files.catbox.moe/hytn9j.png)](https://files.catbox.moe/hytn9j.png)\n
        > \n
        > [![](https://files.catbox.moe/l9nqcb.png)](https://files.catbox.moe/l9nqcb.png)
        """
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      > Do I just connect thermal pads to the ground plane and call it a day?\n
      \n
      Yup.\n
      \n
      > Wouldn’t that make the components hard to solder with hot air?\n
      \n
      Sorry, I’ve never tried hot air assembly.\n
      \n
      > Do I make an isolated polygon that only acts as a thermal pad?\n
      \n
      Ideally the copper area is big to spread out the heat. If you have an isolated polygon it can’t spread very far and buys you less cooling.
      """
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App\Twig\Components\SettingsRowSwitchComponent {#9372
  +label: "Auto media preview"
  +help: "Automatically expand media previews."
  +settingsKey: "KBIN_POSTS_SHOW_PREVIEW"
  +defaultValue: false
  +reloadRequired: true
}
settings_row_switch App\Twig\Components\SettingsRowSwitchComponent 12.0 MiB 0.12 ms
Input props 
[
  "label" => "Show users’ avatars"
  "settingsKey" => "KBIN_POSTS_SHOW_USERS_AVATARS"
  "defaultValue" => true
]
Attributes 
[]
Component 
App\Twig\Components\SettingsRowSwitchComponent {#9428
  +label: "Show users’ avatars"
  +help: ""
  +settingsKey: "KBIN_POSTS_SHOW_USERS_AVATARS"
  +defaultValue: true
  +reloadRequired: true
}
settings_row_enum App\Twig\Components\SettingsRowEnumComponent 12.0 MiB 0.17 ms
Input props 
[
  "label" => "Comment reply position"
  "help" => "Display the comment reply form either at the top or bottom of the page. When 'infinite scroll' is enabled the position will always appear at the top."
  "settingsKey" => "KBIN_COMMENTS_REPLY_POSITION"
  "values" => [
    [
      "name" => "top"
      "value" => "TOP"
    ]
    [
      "name" => "bottom"
      "value" => "BOTTOM"
    ]
  ]
  "defaultValue" => "TOP"
]
Attributes 
[]
Component 
App\Twig\Components\SettingsRowEnumComponent {#9484
  +label: "Comment reply position"
  +help: "Display the comment reply form either at the top or bottom of the page. When 'infinite scroll' is enabled the position will always appear at the top."
  +settingsKey: "KBIN_COMMENTS_REPLY_POSITION"
  +values: [
    [
      "name" => "top"
      "value" => "TOP"
    ]
    [
      "name" => "bottom"
      "value" => "BOTTOM"
    ]
  ]
  +defaultValue: "TOP"
  +reloadRequired: true
}
settings_row_switch App\Twig\Components\SettingsRowSwitchComponent 12.0 MiB 0.12 ms
Input props 
[
  "label" => "Show Comment Avatars"
  "help" => "Display/hide user avatars when viewing comments on a single thread or post."
  "settingsKey" => "KBIN_COMMENTS_SHOW_USER_AVATAR"
  "defaultValue" => true
]
Attributes 
[]
Component 
App\Twig\Components\SettingsRowSwitchComponent {#9542
  +label: "Show Comment Avatars"
  +help: "Display/hide user avatars when viewing comments on a single thread or post."
  +settingsKey: "KBIN_COMMENTS_SHOW_USER_AVATAR"
  +defaultValue: true
  +reloadRequired: true
}
user_actions App\Twig\Components\UserActionsComponent 12.0 MiB 0.43 ms
Input props 
[
  "user" => App\Entity\User {#261
    +avatar: null
    +cover: null
    +email: "HewlettHackard@lemmy.ca"
    +username: "@HewlettHackard@lemmy.ca"
    +roles: []
    +followersCount: 0
    +homepage: "front"
    +about: null
    +lastActive: DateTime @1729170753 {#274
      date: 2024-10-17 15:12:33.0 +02:00
    }
    +markedForDeletionAt: null
    +fields: null
    +oauthGithubId: null
    +oauthGoogleId: null
    +oauthFacebookId: null
    +oauthKeycloakId: null
    +hideAdult: true
    +showSubscribedUsers: true
    +showSubscribedMagazines: true
    +showSubscribedDomains: true
    +preferredLanguages: []
    +featuredMagazines: null
    +showProfileSubscriptions: true
    +showProfileFollowings: true
    +markNewComments: false
    +notifyOnNewEntry: false
    +notifyOnNewEntryReply: false
    +notifyOnNewEntryCommentReply: false
    +notifyOnNewPost: false
    +notifyOnNewPostReply: false
    +notifyOnNewPostCommentReply: false
    +addMentionsEntries: false
    +addMentionsPosts: true
    +isBanned: false
    +isVerified: false
    +isDeleted: false
    +isBot: false
    +spamProtection: true
    +customCss: null
    +ignoreMagazinesCustomCss: false
    +moderatorTokens: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#248 …}
    +magazineOwnershipRequests: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#244 …}
    +moderatorRequests: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#233 …}
    +entries: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#191 …}
    +entryVotes: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#163 …}
    +entryComments: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#136 …}
    +entryCommentVotes: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#106 …}
    +posts: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#79 …}
    +postVotes: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#94 …}
    +postComments: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1793 …}
    +postCommentVotes: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1847 …}
    +subscriptions: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2478 …}
    +subscribedDomains: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1871 …}
    +follows: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1605 …}
    +followers: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1770 …}
    +blocks: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1844 …}
    +blockers: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1827 …}
    +blockedMagazines: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2415 …}
    +blockedDomains: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1794 …}
    +reports: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2421 …}
    +favourites: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1931 …}
    +violations: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2401 …}
    +notifications: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1885 …}
    +awards: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1951 …}
    +subscribedCategories: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1886 …}
    +categories: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1924 …}
    -id: 5708
    -password: "$2y$13$uYbHZw22lOPlXqaa5mL5TO2OsA/t7Bd6yN4/EahwJ8rrf.1NPVRge"
    -totpSecret: null
    -totpBackupCodes: []
    -oAuth2UserConsents: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1896 …}
    +apId: "HewlettHackard@lemmy.ca"
    +apProfileId: "https://lemmy.ca/u/HewlettHackard"
    +apPublicUrl: "https://lemmy.ca/u/HewlettHackard"
    +apFollowersUrl: null
    +apInboxUrl: "https://lemmy.ca/inbox"
    +apDomain: "lemmy.ca"
    +apPreferredUsername: "HewlettHackard"
    +apDiscoverable: true
    +apManuallyApprovesFollowers: false
    +privateKey: null
    +publicKey: null
    +apFetchedAt: DateTime @1719581228 {#277
      date: 2024-06-28 15:27:08.0 +02:00
    }
    +apDeletedAt: null
    +apTimeoutAt: null
    +visibility: "visible             "
    +createdAt: DateTimeImmutable @1687226897 {#273
      date: 2023-06-20 04:08:17.0 +02:00
    }
  }
]
Attributes 
[]
Component 
App\Twig\Components\UserActionsComponent {#9618
  +user: App\Entity\User {#261
    +avatar: null
    +cover: null
    +email: "HewlettHackard@lemmy.ca"
    +username: "@HewlettHackard@lemmy.ca"
    +roles: []
    +followersCount: 0
    +homepage: "front"
    +about: null
    +lastActive: DateTime @1729170753 {#274
      date: 2024-10-17 15:12:33.0 +02:00
    }
    +markedForDeletionAt: null
    +fields: null
    +oauthGithubId: null
    +oauthGoogleId: null
    +oauthFacebookId: null
    +oauthKeycloakId: null
    +hideAdult: true
    +showSubscribedUsers: true
    +showSubscribedMagazines: true
    +showSubscribedDomains: true
    +preferredLanguages: []
    +featuredMagazines: null
    +showProfileSubscriptions: true
    +showProfileFollowings: true
    +markNewComments: false
    +notifyOnNewEntry: false
    +notifyOnNewEntryReply: false
    +notifyOnNewEntryCommentReply: false
    +notifyOnNewPost: false
    +notifyOnNewPostReply: false
    +notifyOnNewPostCommentReply: false
    +addMentionsEntries: false
    +addMentionsPosts: true
    +isBanned: false
    +isVerified: false
    +isDeleted: false
    +isBot: false
    +spamProtection: true
    +customCss: null
    +ignoreMagazinesCustomCss: false
    +moderatorTokens: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#248 …}
    +magazineOwnershipRequests: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#244 …}
    +moderatorRequests: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#233 …}
    +entries: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#191 …}
    +entryVotes: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#163 …}
    +entryComments: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#136 …}
    +entryCommentVotes: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#106 …}
    +posts: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#79 …}
    +postVotes: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#94 …}
    +postComments: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1793 …}
    +postCommentVotes: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1847 …}
    +subscriptions: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2478 …}
    +subscribedDomains: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1871 …}
    +follows: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1605 …}
    +followers: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1770 …}
    +blocks: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1844 …}
    +blockers: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1827 …}
    +blockedMagazines: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2415 …}
    +blockedDomains: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1794 …}
    +reports: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2421 …}
    +favourites: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1931 …}
    +violations: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2401 …}
    +notifications: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1885 …}
    +awards: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1951 …}
    +subscribedCategories: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1886 …}
    +categories: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1924 …}
    -id: 5708
    -password: "$2y$13$uYbHZw22lOPlXqaa5mL5TO2OsA/t7Bd6yN4/EahwJ8rrf.1NPVRge"
    -totpSecret: null
    -totpBackupCodes: []
    -oAuth2UserConsents: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1896 …}
    +apId: "HewlettHackard@lemmy.ca"
    +apProfileId: "https://lemmy.ca/u/HewlettHackard"
    +apPublicUrl: "https://lemmy.ca/u/HewlettHackard"
    +apFollowersUrl: null
    +apInboxUrl: "https://lemmy.ca/inbox"
    +apDomain: "lemmy.ca"
    +apPreferredUsername: "HewlettHackard"
    +apDiscoverable: true
    +apManuallyApprovesFollowers: false
    +privateKey: null
    +publicKey: null
    +apFetchedAt: DateTime @1719581228 {#277
      date: 2024-06-28 15:27:08.0 +02:00
    }
    +apDeletedAt: null
    +apTimeoutAt: null
    +visibility: "visible             "
    +createdAt: DateTimeImmutable @1687226897 {#273
      date: 2023-06-20 04:08:17.0 +02:00
    }
  }
}
date App\Twig\Components\DateComponent 12.0 MiB 0.13 ms
Input props 
[
  "date" => DateTimeImmutable @1687226897 {#273
    date: 2023-06-20 04:08:17.0 +02:00
  }
]
Attributes 
[]
Component 
App\Twig\Components\DateComponent {#9679
  +date: DateTimeImmutable @1687226897 {#273
    date: 2023-06-20 04:08:17.0 +02:00
  }
}
related_magazines App\Twig\Components\RelatedMagazinesComponent 12.0 MiB 2.96 ms
Input props 
[
  "magazine" => null
  "tag" => null
]
Attributes 
[]
Component 
App\Twig\Components\RelatedMagazinesComponent {#9766
  +limit: 4
  +tag: null
  +magazine: null
  +type: "random"
  +title: "random_magazines"
  +refreshedRandom: false
  -repository: App\Repository\MagazineRepository {#2438 …}
  -cache: Symfony\Component\Cache\Adapter\TraceableTagAwareAdapter {#600 …}
  -twig: Twig\Environment {#1252 …}
  -requestStack: Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\RequestStack {#1328 …}
}
active_users App\Twig\Components\ActiveUsersComponent 12.0 MiB 0.20 ms
Input props 
[
  "magazine" => null
]
Attributes 
[]
Component 
App\Twig\Components\ActiveUsersComponent {#9834
  +magazine: null
  -userRepository: App\Repository\UserRepository {#603 …}
  -cache: Symfony\Component\Cache\Adapter\TraceableTagAwareAdapter {#600 …}
  -twig: Twig\Environment {#1252 …}
  -requestStack: Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\RequestStack {#1328 …}
}
related_categories App\Twig\Components\RelatedCategoriesComponent 12.0 MiB 1.29 ms
Input props 
[
  "magazine" => null
  "tag" => null
]
Attributes 
[]
Component 
App\Twig\Components\RelatedCategoriesComponent {#9893
  +limit: 4
  +tag: null
  +magazine: null
  +type: "random"
  +title: "random_categories"
  +refreshedRandom: false
  -repository: App\Repository\CategoryRepository {#9894 …}
  -cache: Symfony\Component\Cache\Adapter\TraceableTagAwareAdapter {#600 …}
  -twig: Twig\Environment {#1252 …}
  -requestStack: Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\RequestStack {#1328 …}
}
related_posts App\Twig\Components\RelatedPostsComponent 12.0 MiB 12.71 ms
Input props 
[
  "magazine" => null
  "tag" => null
]
Attributes 
[]
Component 
App\Twig\Components\RelatedPostsComponent {#9964
  +limit: 4
  +tag: null
  +magazine: null
  +type: "random"
  +post: null
  +title: "random_posts"
  +refreshedRandom: false
  -repository: App\Repository\PostRepository {#9963 …}
  -cache: Symfony\Component\Cache\Adapter\TraceableTagAwareAdapter {#600 …}
  -twig: Twig\Environment {#1252 …}
  -requestStack: Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\RequestStack {#1328 …}
  -mentionManager: App\Service\MentionManager {#1539 …}
}
related_entries App\Twig\Components\RelatedEntriesComponent 12.0 MiB 6.42 ms
Input props 
[
  "magazine" => null
  "tag" => null
]
Attributes 
[]
Component 
App\Twig\Components\RelatedEntriesComponent {#10034
  +limit: 4
  +tag: null
  +magazine: null
  +type: "random"
  +entry: null
  +title: "random_entries"
  +refreshedRandom: false
  -repository: App\Repository\EntryRepository {#10033 …}
  -cache: Symfony\Component\Cache\Adapter\TraceableTagAwareAdapter {#600 …}
  -twig: Twig\Environment {#1252 …}
  -requestStack: Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\RequestStack {#1328 …}
  -mentionManager: App\Service\MentionManager {#1539 …}
}
support_us_block App\Twig\Components\SupportUsBlock 12.0 MiB 0.19 ms
Input props 
[]
Attributes 
[]
Component 
App\Twig\Components\SupportUsBlock {#10103
  +subject: ? App\Entity\Contracts\VotableInterface
  +url: ? string
  -twig: Twig\Environment {#1252 …}
  -cache: Symfony\Component\Cache\Adapter\TraceableTagAwareAdapter {#600 …}
  -requestStack: Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\RequestStack {#1328 …}
  -partnerBlockRepository: App\Repository\PartnerBlockRepository {#10104 …}
}
featured_magazines App\Twig\Components\FeaturedMagazinesComponent 12.0 MiB 0.76 ms
Input props 
[
  "magazine" => null
]
Attributes 
[]
Component 
App\Twig\Components\FeaturedMagazinesComponent {#10196
  +magazine: null
  -twig: Twig\Environment {#1252 …}
  -repository: App\Repository\MagazineRepository {#2438 …}
}