Symfony Profiler

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      +title: "archaeology"
      +description: """
        Welcome to c/Archaeology @ Mander.xyz!\n
        ======================================\n
        \n
        #### Shovelbums welcome. 🗿\n
        \n
        ![](https://mander.xyz/pictrs/image/b6df770c-bf61-441e-81ff-475fc3c12a58.png)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Notice Board**\n
        \n
        *This is a work in progress, please don’t mind the mess.*\n
        \n
        - 2023-06-15: We are [collecting resources](https://mander.xyz/post/706957) for the sidebar!\n
        - 2023-06-13: We are looking for [mods](https://mander.xyz/post/680156). Send a dm to [@fossilesque@mander.xyz](https://mander.xyz/u/fossilesque) if interested!\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **About**\n
        \n
        > Archaeology or archeology[a] is the study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture. The archaeological record consists of artifacts, architecture, biofacts or ecofacts, sites, and cultural landscapes.\n
        > \n
        > Archaeology has various goals, which range from understanding culture history to reconstructing past lifeways to documenting and explaining changes in human societies through time.\n
        > \n
        > The discipline involves surveying, excavation, and eventually analysis of data collected, to learn more about the past. In broad scope, archaeology relies on cross-disciplinary research. [Read more…](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeology)\n
        \n
        **Rules**\n
        \n
        1. Don’t throw mud. Be kind and remember the human.\n
        2. Keep it rooted (on topic).\n
        3. No spam.\n
        4. No pseudoscience/pseudoarchaeology.\n
        \n
        ![](https://mander.xyz/pictrs/image/7bae951a-c3ea-4b8f-95cd-057a7d1a3e32.png)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Links**\n
        \n
        Archaeology 101:\n
        \n
        - [Historic England’s Guides for the Archaeological Sciences](https://historicengland.org.uk/advice/technical-advice/archaeological-science/)\n
        \n
        Get Involved:\n
        \n
        - [AIA Societies (USA)](https://www.archaeological.org/programs/societies/find/)\n
        \n
        University and Field Work:\n
        \n
        - [Archaeological Fieldwork Opportunities Bulletin](https://www.archaeological.org/programs/professionals/fieldwork/afob/)\n
        - [University Archaeology (UK)](https://www.universityarchaeology.co.uk/)\n
        - [Black Trowel Collective Microgrants for Students](https://blacktrowelcollective.wordpress.com/)\n
        \n
        Jobs and Career:\n
        \n
        - [Ways into Archaeology](https://www.archaeologyuk.org/ways-into-archaeology.html)\n
        - [Profiling the Profession](https://profilingtheprofession.org.uk/executive-summary/)\n
        - [Shovelbums](https://shovelbums.org/)\n
        \n
        Professional Organisations:\n
        \n
        - [Chartered Institute for Archaeologists (UK)](https://archaeologists.net)\n
        - [BAJR (UK)](http://www.bajr.org/)\n
        - [Association for Environmental Archaeology](https://envarch.net/)\n
        - [Archaeology Scotland](https://archaeologyscotland.org.uk/)\n
        - [Historic England](https://historicengland.org.uk/advice/find/a-z-publications/)\n
        \n
        FOSS Tools:\n
        \n
        - [Diamond Open Access in Archaeology](https://diamond.open-archaeo.info/)\n
        - [Tools for Quantitative Archaeology – in R](https://github.com/sslarch/tfqar)\n
        - [Open Archaeo](https://open-archaeo.info/): A list of open source archaeological tools and software.\n
        - [The Open Digital Archaeology Textbook](https://o-date.github.io/draft/book/getting-started.html)\n
        \n
        Datasets:\n
        \n
        - [Dutch archaeological repository (Archis III)](https://www.archis.cultureelerfgoed.nl)\n
        - [Archaeology Data Service (UK)](https://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/)\n
        \n
        Fun:\n
        \n
        - [Time Team from the BBC](https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCvmEISc6e4tLwn8TyS14ncw)\n
        \n
        Other Resources:\n
        \n
        - [List of Archaeological Academic Journals](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_archaeology_journals)\n
        - [Archaeologists of Mastodon Listing](https://stark1tty.github.io/Mastodon-Archaeology/)\n
        - [Academics on Mastodon](https://nathanlesage.github.io/academics-on-mastodon/)\n
        \n
        ![](https://mander.xyz/pictrs/image/176f5cdc-e7d6-46a3-b742-7c26bcc6c090.png)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        Similar Communities\n
        -------------------\n
        \n
        - [!openscience@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/openscience)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        Sister Communities\n
        ------------------\n
        \n
        ### Science and Research\n
        \n
        - [!scicomm@mander.xyz](/c/scicomm@mander.xyz)\n
        \n
        ### Biology and Life Sciences\n
        \n
        - [!anthropology@mander.xyz](/c/anthropology@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!biodiversity@mander.xyz](/c/biodiversity@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!palaeoecology@mander.xyz](/c/palaeoecology@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!palaeontology@mander.xyz](/c/palaeontology@mander.xyz)\n
        \n
        #### Plants & Gardening\n
        \n
        - [!balconygardening@slrpnk.net](/c/balconygardening@slrpnk.net)\n
        - [!gardening@mander.xyz](/c/gardening@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!houseplants@mander.xyz](/c/houseplants@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!plantid@mander.xyz](/c/plantid@mander.xyz)\n
        \n
        ### Physical Sciences\n
        \n
        - [!earthscience@mander.xyz](/c/earthscience@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!geography@mander.xyz](/c/geography@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!geospatial@mander.xyz](/c/geospatial@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!soilscience@slrpnk.net](/c/soilscience@slrpnk.net)\n
        \n
        ### Humanities and Social Sciences\n
        \n
        - [!archaeology@mander.xyz](/c/archaeology@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!folklore@mander.xyz](/c/folklore@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!history@mander.xyz](/c/history@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!old_maps@mander.xyz](/c/old_maps@mander.xyz)\n
        \n
        ### Memes\n
        \n
        - [!bushrat_confidential@slrpnk.net](/c/bushrat_confidential@slrpnk.net)\n
        - [!science_memes@mander.xyz](/c/science_memes@mander.xyz)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Find us on Reddit**\n
        \n
        - [r/enviro_archaeology](https://www.reddit.com/r/enviro_archaeology/)\n
        - [r/geoarchaeology](https://www.reddit.com/r/geoarchaeology/)\n
        \n
        ![](https://mander.xyz/pictrs/image/e39fc00d-7e3f-4c8d-86b9-a753b7f4578a.png)
        """
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    +slug: "New-England-stone-walls-deserve-a-science-of-their-own"
    +title: "New England stone walls deserve a science of their own"
    +url: "https://phys.org/news/2024-01-england-stone-walls-science.html"
    +body: """
      The abandoned fieldstone walls of New England are every bit as iconic to the region as lobster pots, town greens, sap buckets and fall foliage. They seem to be everywhere—a latticework of dry, lichen-crusted stone ridges separating a patchwork of otherwise moist soils.\n
      \n
      Stone walls can be found here and there in other states, but only in New England are they nearly ubiquitous. That’s due to a regionally unique combination of hard crystalline bedrock, glacial soils and farms with patchworks of small land parcels.\n
      \n
      Nearly all were built by European settlers and their draft animals, who scuttled glacial stones from agricultural fields and pastures outward to fence lines and boundaries, then tossed or stacked them as lines. Though the oldest walls date to 1607, most were built in the agrarian century between the American Revolution and the cultural shift toward cities and industry after the Civil War.\n
      \n
      The mass of stone that farmers moved in that century staggers the mind—an estimated 240,000 miles (400,000 kilometers) of barricades, most stacked thigh-high and similarly wide. That’s long enough to wrap our planet 10 times at the equator, or to reach the moon on its closest approach to Earth.\n
      \n
      Natural scientists have been working to quantify this phenomenon, which is larger in volume than the Great Wall of China, Hadrian’s Wall in Britain and the Egyptian pyramids at Giza combined. This work began in 1870 and generated the U.S. government’s 1872 Census of Fences. Today, scientists are using a technique called LiDAR, or light detection and ranging, to measure and map stone walls across New England.
      """
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      +name: "archaeology@mander.xyz"
      +title: "archaeology"
      +description: """
        Welcome to c/Archaeology @ Mander.xyz!\n
        ======================================\n
        \n
        #### Shovelbums welcome. 🗿\n
        \n
        ![](https://mander.xyz/pictrs/image/b6df770c-bf61-441e-81ff-475fc3c12a58.png)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Notice Board**\n
        \n
        *This is a work in progress, please don’t mind the mess.*\n
        \n
        - 2023-06-15: We are [collecting resources](https://mander.xyz/post/706957) for the sidebar!\n
        - 2023-06-13: We are looking for [mods](https://mander.xyz/post/680156). Send a dm to [@fossilesque@mander.xyz](https://mander.xyz/u/fossilesque) if interested!\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **About**\n
        \n
        > Archaeology or archeology[a] is the study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture. The archaeological record consists of artifacts, architecture, biofacts or ecofacts, sites, and cultural landscapes.\n
        > \n
        > Archaeology has various goals, which range from understanding culture history to reconstructing past lifeways to documenting and explaining changes in human societies through time.\n
        > \n
        > The discipline involves surveying, excavation, and eventually analysis of data collected, to learn more about the past. In broad scope, archaeology relies on cross-disciplinary research. [Read more…](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeology)\n
        \n
        **Rules**\n
        \n
        1. Don’t throw mud. Be kind and remember the human.\n
        2. Keep it rooted (on topic).\n
        3. No spam.\n
        4. No pseudoscience/pseudoarchaeology.\n
        \n
        ![](https://mander.xyz/pictrs/image/7bae951a-c3ea-4b8f-95cd-057a7d1a3e32.png)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Links**\n
        \n
        Archaeology 101:\n
        \n
        - [Historic England’s Guides for the Archaeological Sciences](https://historicengland.org.uk/advice/technical-advice/archaeological-science/)\n
        \n
        Get Involved:\n
        \n
        - [AIA Societies (USA)](https://www.archaeological.org/programs/societies/find/)\n
        \n
        University and Field Work:\n
        \n
        - [Archaeological Fieldwork Opportunities Bulletin](https://www.archaeological.org/programs/professionals/fieldwork/afob/)\n
        - [University Archaeology (UK)](https://www.universityarchaeology.co.uk/)\n
        - [Black Trowel Collective Microgrants for Students](https://blacktrowelcollective.wordpress.com/)\n
        \n
        Jobs and Career:\n
        \n
        - [Ways into Archaeology](https://www.archaeologyuk.org/ways-into-archaeology.html)\n
        - [Profiling the Profession](https://profilingtheprofession.org.uk/executive-summary/)\n
        - [Shovelbums](https://shovelbums.org/)\n
        \n
        Professional Organisations:\n
        \n
        - [Chartered Institute for Archaeologists (UK)](https://archaeologists.net)\n
        - [BAJR (UK)](http://www.bajr.org/)\n
        - [Association for Environmental Archaeology](https://envarch.net/)\n
        - [Archaeology Scotland](https://archaeologyscotland.org.uk/)\n
        - [Historic England](https://historicengland.org.uk/advice/find/a-z-publications/)\n
        \n
        FOSS Tools:\n
        \n
        - [Diamond Open Access in Archaeology](https://diamond.open-archaeo.info/)\n
        - [Tools for Quantitative Archaeology – in R](https://github.com/sslarch/tfqar)\n
        - [Open Archaeo](https://open-archaeo.info/): A list of open source archaeological tools and software.\n
        - [The Open Digital Archaeology Textbook](https://o-date.github.io/draft/book/getting-started.html)\n
        \n
        Datasets:\n
        \n
        - [Dutch archaeological repository (Archis III)](https://www.archis.cultureelerfgoed.nl)\n
        - [Archaeology Data Service (UK)](https://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/)\n
        \n
        Fun:\n
        \n
        - [Time Team from the BBC](https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCvmEISc6e4tLwn8TyS14ncw)\n
        \n
        Other Resources:\n
        \n
        - [List of Archaeological Academic Journals](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_archaeology_journals)\n
        - [Archaeologists of Mastodon Listing](https://stark1tty.github.io/Mastodon-Archaeology/)\n
        - [Academics on Mastodon](https://nathanlesage.github.io/academics-on-mastodon/)\n
        \n
        ![](https://mander.xyz/pictrs/image/176f5cdc-e7d6-46a3-b742-7c26bcc6c090.png)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        Similar Communities\n
        -------------------\n
        \n
        - [!openscience@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/openscience)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        Sister Communities\n
        ------------------\n
        \n
        ### Science and Research\n
        \n
        - [!scicomm@mander.xyz](/c/scicomm@mander.xyz)\n
        \n
        ### Biology and Life Sciences\n
        \n
        - [!anthropology@mander.xyz](/c/anthropology@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!biodiversity@mander.xyz](/c/biodiversity@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!palaeoecology@mander.xyz](/c/palaeoecology@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!palaeontology@mander.xyz](/c/palaeontology@mander.xyz)\n
        \n
        #### Plants & Gardening\n
        \n
        - [!balconygardening@slrpnk.net](/c/balconygardening@slrpnk.net)\n
        - [!gardening@mander.xyz](/c/gardening@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!houseplants@mander.xyz](/c/houseplants@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!plantid@mander.xyz](/c/plantid@mander.xyz)\n
        \n
        ### Physical Sciences\n
        \n
        - [!earthscience@mander.xyz](/c/earthscience@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!geography@mander.xyz](/c/geography@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!geospatial@mander.xyz](/c/geospatial@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!soilscience@slrpnk.net](/c/soilscience@slrpnk.net)\n
        \n
        ### Humanities and Social Sciences\n
        \n
        - [!archaeology@mander.xyz](/c/archaeology@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!folklore@mander.xyz](/c/folklore@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!history@mander.xyz](/c/history@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!old_maps@mander.xyz](/c/old_maps@mander.xyz)\n
        \n
        ### Memes\n
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        - [!bushrat_confidential@slrpnk.net](/c/bushrat_confidential@slrpnk.net)\n
        - [!science_memes@mander.xyz](/c/science_memes@mander.xyz)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Find us on Reddit**\n
        \n
        - [r/enviro_archaeology](https://www.reddit.com/r/enviro_archaeology/)\n
        - [r/geoarchaeology](https://www.reddit.com/r/geoarchaeology/)\n
        \n
        ![](https://mander.xyz/pictrs/image/e39fc00d-7e3f-4c8d-86b9-a753b7f4578a.png)
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      The abandoned fieldstone walls of New England are every bit as iconic to the region as lobster pots, town greens, sap buckets and fall foliage. They seem to be everywhere—a latticework of dry, lichen-crusted stone ridges separating a patchwork of otherwise moist soils.\n
      \n
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      \n
      Natural scientists have been working to quantify this phenomenon, which is larger in volume than the Great Wall of China, Hadrian’s Wall in Britain and the Egyptian pyramids at Giza combined. This work began in 1870 and generated the U.S. government’s 1872 Census of Fences. Today, scientists are using a technique called LiDAR, or light detection and ranging, to measure and map stone walls across New England.
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    +magazine: App\Entity\Magazine {#289
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      +name: "archaeology@mander.xyz"
      +title: "archaeology"
      +description: """
        Welcome to c/Archaeology @ Mander.xyz!\n
        ======================================\n
        \n
        #### Shovelbums welcome. 🗿\n
        \n
        ![](https://mander.xyz/pictrs/image/b6df770c-bf61-441e-81ff-475fc3c12a58.png)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Notice Board**\n
        \n
        *This is a work in progress, please don’t mind the mess.*\n
        \n
        - 2023-06-15: We are [collecting resources](https://mander.xyz/post/706957) for the sidebar!\n
        - 2023-06-13: We are looking for [mods](https://mander.xyz/post/680156). Send a dm to [@fossilesque@mander.xyz](https://mander.xyz/u/fossilesque) if interested!\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **About**\n
        \n
        > Archaeology or archeology[a] is the study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture. The archaeological record consists of artifacts, architecture, biofacts or ecofacts, sites, and cultural landscapes.\n
        > \n
        > Archaeology has various goals, which range from understanding culture history to reconstructing past lifeways to documenting and explaining changes in human societies through time.\n
        > \n
        > The discipline involves surveying, excavation, and eventually analysis of data collected, to learn more about the past. In broad scope, archaeology relies on cross-disciplinary research. [Read more…](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeology)\n
        \n
        **Rules**\n
        \n
        1. Don’t throw mud. Be kind and remember the human.\n
        2. Keep it rooted (on topic).\n
        3. No spam.\n
        4. No pseudoscience/pseudoarchaeology.\n
        \n
        ![](https://mander.xyz/pictrs/image/7bae951a-c3ea-4b8f-95cd-057a7d1a3e32.png)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Links**\n
        \n
        Archaeology 101:\n
        \n
        - [Historic England’s Guides for the Archaeological Sciences](https://historicengland.org.uk/advice/technical-advice/archaeological-science/)\n
        \n
        Get Involved:\n
        \n
        - [AIA Societies (USA)](https://www.archaeological.org/programs/societies/find/)\n
        \n
        University and Field Work:\n
        \n
        - [Archaeological Fieldwork Opportunities Bulletin](https://www.archaeological.org/programs/professionals/fieldwork/afob/)\n
        - [University Archaeology (UK)](https://www.universityarchaeology.co.uk/)\n
        - [Black Trowel Collective Microgrants for Students](https://blacktrowelcollective.wordpress.com/)\n
        \n
        Jobs and Career:\n
        \n
        - [Ways into Archaeology](https://www.archaeologyuk.org/ways-into-archaeology.html)\n
        - [Profiling the Profession](https://profilingtheprofession.org.uk/executive-summary/)\n
        - [Shovelbums](https://shovelbums.org/)\n
        \n
        Professional Organisations:\n
        \n
        - [Chartered Institute for Archaeologists (UK)](https://archaeologists.net)\n
        - [BAJR (UK)](http://www.bajr.org/)\n
        - [Association for Environmental Archaeology](https://envarch.net/)\n
        - [Archaeology Scotland](https://archaeologyscotland.org.uk/)\n
        - [Historic England](https://historicengland.org.uk/advice/find/a-z-publications/)\n
        \n
        FOSS Tools:\n
        \n
        - [Diamond Open Access in Archaeology](https://diamond.open-archaeo.info/)\n
        - [Tools for Quantitative Archaeology – in R](https://github.com/sslarch/tfqar)\n
        - [Open Archaeo](https://open-archaeo.info/): A list of open source archaeological tools and software.\n
        - [The Open Digital Archaeology Textbook](https://o-date.github.io/draft/book/getting-started.html)\n
        \n
        Datasets:\n
        \n
        - [Dutch archaeological repository (Archis III)](https://www.archis.cultureelerfgoed.nl)\n
        - [Archaeology Data Service (UK)](https://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/)\n
        \n
        Fun:\n
        \n
        - [Time Team from the BBC](https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCvmEISc6e4tLwn8TyS14ncw)\n
        \n
        Other Resources:\n
        \n
        - [List of Archaeological Academic Journals](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_archaeology_journals)\n
        - [Archaeologists of Mastodon Listing](https://stark1tty.github.io/Mastodon-Archaeology/)\n
        - [Academics on Mastodon](https://nathanlesage.github.io/academics-on-mastodon/)\n
        \n
        ![](https://mander.xyz/pictrs/image/176f5cdc-e7d6-46a3-b742-7c26bcc6c090.png)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        Similar Communities\n
        -------------------\n
        \n
        - [!openscience@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/openscience)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        Sister Communities\n
        ------------------\n
        \n
        ### Science and Research\n
        \n
        - [!scicomm@mander.xyz](/c/scicomm@mander.xyz)\n
        \n
        ### Biology and Life Sciences\n
        \n
        - [!anthropology@mander.xyz](/c/anthropology@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!biodiversity@mander.xyz](/c/biodiversity@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!palaeoecology@mander.xyz](/c/palaeoecology@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!palaeontology@mander.xyz](/c/palaeontology@mander.xyz)\n
        \n
        #### Plants & Gardening\n
        \n
        - [!balconygardening@slrpnk.net](/c/balconygardening@slrpnk.net)\n
        - [!gardening@mander.xyz](/c/gardening@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!houseplants@mander.xyz](/c/houseplants@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!plantid@mander.xyz](/c/plantid@mander.xyz)\n
        \n
        ### Physical Sciences\n
        \n
        - [!earthscience@mander.xyz](/c/earthscience@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!geography@mander.xyz](/c/geography@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!geospatial@mander.xyz](/c/geospatial@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!soilscience@slrpnk.net](/c/soilscience@slrpnk.net)\n
        \n
        ### Humanities and Social Sciences\n
        \n
        - [!archaeology@mander.xyz](/c/archaeology@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!folklore@mander.xyz](/c/folklore@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!history@mander.xyz](/c/history@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!old_maps@mander.xyz](/c/old_maps@mander.xyz)\n
        \n
        ### Memes\n
        \n
        - [!bushrat_confidential@slrpnk.net](/c/bushrat_confidential@slrpnk.net)\n
        - [!science_memes@mander.xyz](/c/science_memes@mander.xyz)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Find us on Reddit**\n
        \n
        - [r/enviro_archaeology](https://www.reddit.com/r/enviro_archaeology/)\n
        - [r/geoarchaeology](https://www.reddit.com/r/geoarchaeology/)\n
        \n
        ![](https://mander.xyz/pictrs/image/e39fc00d-7e3f-4c8d-86b9-a753b7f4578a.png)
        """
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    +title: "New England stone walls deserve a science of their own"
    +url: "https://phys.org/news/2024-01-england-stone-walls-science.html"
    +body: """
      The abandoned fieldstone walls of New England are every bit as iconic to the region as lobster pots, town greens, sap buckets and fall foliage. They seem to be everywhere—a latticework of dry, lichen-crusted stone ridges separating a patchwork of otherwise moist soils.\n
      \n
      Stone walls can be found here and there in other states, but only in New England are they nearly ubiquitous. That’s due to a regionally unique combination of hard crystalline bedrock, glacial soils and farms with patchworks of small land parcels.\n
      \n
      Nearly all were built by European settlers and their draft animals, who scuttled glacial stones from agricultural fields and pastures outward to fence lines and boundaries, then tossed or stacked them as lines. Though the oldest walls date to 1607, most were built in the agrarian century between the American Revolution and the cultural shift toward cities and industry after the Civil War.\n
      \n
      The mass of stone that farmers moved in that century staggers the mind—an estimated 240,000 miles (400,000 kilometers) of barricades, most stacked thigh-high and similarly wide. That’s long enough to wrap our planet 10 times at the equator, or to reach the moon on its closest approach to Earth.\n
      \n
      Natural scientists have been working to quantify this phenomenon, which is larger in volume than the Great Wall of China, Hadrian’s Wall in Britain and the Egyptian pyramids at Giza combined. This work began in 1870 and generated the U.S. government’s 1872 Census of Fences. Today, scientists are using a technique called LiDAR, or light detection and ranging, to measure and map stone walls across New England.
      """
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    +magazine: App\Entity\Magazine {#289
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      +name: "archaeology@mander.xyz"
      +title: "archaeology"
      +description: """
        Welcome to c/Archaeology @ Mander.xyz!\n
        ======================================\n
        \n
        #### Shovelbums welcome. 🗿\n
        \n
        ![](https://mander.xyz/pictrs/image/b6df770c-bf61-441e-81ff-475fc3c12a58.png)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Notice Board**\n
        \n
        *This is a work in progress, please don’t mind the mess.*\n
        \n
        - 2023-06-15: We are [collecting resources](https://mander.xyz/post/706957) for the sidebar!\n
        - 2023-06-13: We are looking for [mods](https://mander.xyz/post/680156). Send a dm to [@fossilesque@mander.xyz](https://mander.xyz/u/fossilesque) if interested!\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **About**\n
        \n
        > Archaeology or archeology[a] is the study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture. The archaeological record consists of artifacts, architecture, biofacts or ecofacts, sites, and cultural landscapes.\n
        > \n
        > Archaeology has various goals, which range from understanding culture history to reconstructing past lifeways to documenting and explaining changes in human societies through time.\n
        > \n
        > The discipline involves surveying, excavation, and eventually analysis of data collected, to learn more about the past. In broad scope, archaeology relies on cross-disciplinary research. [Read more…](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeology)\n
        \n
        **Rules**\n
        \n
        1. Don’t throw mud. Be kind and remember the human.\n
        2. Keep it rooted (on topic).\n
        3. No spam.\n
        4. No pseudoscience/pseudoarchaeology.\n
        \n
        ![](https://mander.xyz/pictrs/image/7bae951a-c3ea-4b8f-95cd-057a7d1a3e32.png)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Links**\n
        \n
        Archaeology 101:\n
        \n
        - [Historic England’s Guides for the Archaeological Sciences](https://historicengland.org.uk/advice/technical-advice/archaeological-science/)\n
        \n
        Get Involved:\n
        \n
        - [AIA Societies (USA)](https://www.archaeological.org/programs/societies/find/)\n
        \n
        University and Field Work:\n
        \n
        - [Archaeological Fieldwork Opportunities Bulletin](https://www.archaeological.org/programs/professionals/fieldwork/afob/)\n
        - [University Archaeology (UK)](https://www.universityarchaeology.co.uk/)\n
        - [Black Trowel Collective Microgrants for Students](https://blacktrowelcollective.wordpress.com/)\n
        \n
        Jobs and Career:\n
        \n
        - [Ways into Archaeology](https://www.archaeologyuk.org/ways-into-archaeology.html)\n
        - [Profiling the Profession](https://profilingtheprofession.org.uk/executive-summary/)\n
        - [Shovelbums](https://shovelbums.org/)\n
        \n
        Professional Organisations:\n
        \n
        - [Chartered Institute for Archaeologists (UK)](https://archaeologists.net)\n
        - [BAJR (UK)](http://www.bajr.org/)\n
        - [Association for Environmental Archaeology](https://envarch.net/)\n
        - [Archaeology Scotland](https://archaeologyscotland.org.uk/)\n
        - [Historic England](https://historicengland.org.uk/advice/find/a-z-publications/)\n
        \n
        FOSS Tools:\n
        \n
        - [Diamond Open Access in Archaeology](https://diamond.open-archaeo.info/)\n
        - [Tools for Quantitative Archaeology – in R](https://github.com/sslarch/tfqar)\n
        - [Open Archaeo](https://open-archaeo.info/): A list of open source archaeological tools and software.\n
        - [The Open Digital Archaeology Textbook](https://o-date.github.io/draft/book/getting-started.html)\n
        \n
        Datasets:\n
        \n
        - [Dutch archaeological repository (Archis III)](https://www.archis.cultureelerfgoed.nl)\n
        - [Archaeology Data Service (UK)](https://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/)\n
        \n
        Fun:\n
        \n
        - [Time Team from the BBC](https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCvmEISc6e4tLwn8TyS14ncw)\n
        \n
        Other Resources:\n
        \n
        - [List of Archaeological Academic Journals](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_archaeology_journals)\n
        - [Archaeologists of Mastodon Listing](https://stark1tty.github.io/Mastodon-Archaeology/)\n
        - [Academics on Mastodon](https://nathanlesage.github.io/academics-on-mastodon/)\n
        \n
        ![](https://mander.xyz/pictrs/image/176f5cdc-e7d6-46a3-b742-7c26bcc6c090.png)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        Similar Communities\n
        -------------------\n
        \n
        - [!openscience@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/openscience)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        Sister Communities\n
        ------------------\n
        \n
        ### Science and Research\n
        \n
        - [!scicomm@mander.xyz](/c/scicomm@mander.xyz)\n
        \n
        ### Biology and Life Sciences\n
        \n
        - [!anthropology@mander.xyz](/c/anthropology@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!biodiversity@mander.xyz](/c/biodiversity@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!palaeoecology@mander.xyz](/c/palaeoecology@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!palaeontology@mander.xyz](/c/palaeontology@mander.xyz)\n
        \n
        #### Plants & Gardening\n
        \n
        - [!balconygardening@slrpnk.net](/c/balconygardening@slrpnk.net)\n
        - [!gardening@mander.xyz](/c/gardening@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!houseplants@mander.xyz](/c/houseplants@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!plantid@mander.xyz](/c/plantid@mander.xyz)\n
        \n
        ### Physical Sciences\n
        \n
        - [!earthscience@mander.xyz](/c/earthscience@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!geography@mander.xyz](/c/geography@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!geospatial@mander.xyz](/c/geospatial@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!soilscience@slrpnk.net](/c/soilscience@slrpnk.net)\n
        \n
        ### Humanities and Social Sciences\n
        \n
        - [!archaeology@mander.xyz](/c/archaeology@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!folklore@mander.xyz](/c/folklore@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!history@mander.xyz](/c/history@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!old_maps@mander.xyz](/c/old_maps@mander.xyz)\n
        \n
        ### Memes\n
        \n
        - [!bushrat_confidential@slrpnk.net](/c/bushrat_confidential@slrpnk.net)\n
        - [!science_memes@mander.xyz](/c/science_memes@mander.xyz)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Find us on Reddit**\n
        \n
        - [r/enviro_archaeology](https://www.reddit.com/r/enviro_archaeology/)\n
        - [r/geoarchaeology](https://www.reddit.com/r/geoarchaeology/)\n
        \n
        ![](https://mander.xyz/pictrs/image/e39fc00d-7e3f-4c8d-86b9-a753b7f4578a.png)
        """
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    +title: "New England stone walls deserve a science of their own"
    +url: "https://phys.org/news/2024-01-england-stone-walls-science.html"
    +body: """
      The abandoned fieldstone walls of New England are every bit as iconic to the region as lobster pots, town greens, sap buckets and fall foliage. They seem to be everywhere—a latticework of dry, lichen-crusted stone ridges separating a patchwork of otherwise moist soils.\n
      \n
      Stone walls can be found here and there in other states, but only in New England are they nearly ubiquitous. That’s due to a regionally unique combination of hard crystalline bedrock, glacial soils and farms with patchworks of small land parcels.\n
      \n
      Nearly all were built by European settlers and their draft animals, who scuttled glacial stones from agricultural fields and pastures outward to fence lines and boundaries, then tossed or stacked them as lines. Though the oldest walls date to 1607, most were built in the agrarian century between the American Revolution and the cultural shift toward cities and industry after the Civil War.\n
      \n
      The mass of stone that farmers moved in that century staggers the mind—an estimated 240,000 miles (400,000 kilometers) of barricades, most stacked thigh-high and similarly wide. That’s long enough to wrap our planet 10 times at the equator, or to reach the moon on its closest approach to Earth.\n
      \n
      Natural scientists have been working to quantify this phenomenon, which is larger in volume than the Great Wall of China, Hadrian’s Wall in Britain and the Egyptian pyramids at Giza combined. This work began in 1870 and generated the U.S. government’s 1872 Census of Fences. Today, scientists are using a technique called LiDAR, or light detection and ranging, to measure and map stone walls across New England.
      """
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    +magazine: App\Entity\Magazine {#289
      +icon: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Image {#270 …}
      +name: "archaeology@mander.xyz"
      +title: "archaeology"
      +description: """
        Welcome to c/Archaeology @ Mander.xyz!\n
        ======================================\n
        \n
        #### Shovelbums welcome. 🗿\n
        \n
        ![](https://mander.xyz/pictrs/image/b6df770c-bf61-441e-81ff-475fc3c12a58.png)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Notice Board**\n
        \n
        *This is a work in progress, please don’t mind the mess.*\n
        \n
        - 2023-06-15: We are [collecting resources](https://mander.xyz/post/706957) for the sidebar!\n
        - 2023-06-13: We are looking for [mods](https://mander.xyz/post/680156). Send a dm to [@fossilesque@mander.xyz](https://mander.xyz/u/fossilesque) if interested!\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **About**\n
        \n
        > Archaeology or archeology[a] is the study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture. The archaeological record consists of artifacts, architecture, biofacts or ecofacts, sites, and cultural landscapes.\n
        > \n
        > Archaeology has various goals, which range from understanding culture history to reconstructing past lifeways to documenting and explaining changes in human societies through time.\n
        > \n
        > The discipline involves surveying, excavation, and eventually analysis of data collected, to learn more about the past. In broad scope, archaeology relies on cross-disciplinary research. [Read more…](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeology)\n
        \n
        **Rules**\n
        \n
        1. Don’t throw mud. Be kind and remember the human.\n
        2. Keep it rooted (on topic).\n
        3. No spam.\n
        4. No pseudoscience/pseudoarchaeology.\n
        \n
        ![](https://mander.xyz/pictrs/image/7bae951a-c3ea-4b8f-95cd-057a7d1a3e32.png)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Links**\n
        \n
        Archaeology 101:\n
        \n
        - [Historic England’s Guides for the Archaeological Sciences](https://historicengland.org.uk/advice/technical-advice/archaeological-science/)\n
        \n
        Get Involved:\n
        \n
        - [AIA Societies (USA)](https://www.archaeological.org/programs/societies/find/)\n
        \n
        University and Field Work:\n
        \n
        - [Archaeological Fieldwork Opportunities Bulletin](https://www.archaeological.org/programs/professionals/fieldwork/afob/)\n
        - [University Archaeology (UK)](https://www.universityarchaeology.co.uk/)\n
        - [Black Trowel Collective Microgrants for Students](https://blacktrowelcollective.wordpress.com/)\n
        \n
        Jobs and Career:\n
        \n
        - [Ways into Archaeology](https://www.archaeologyuk.org/ways-into-archaeology.html)\n
        - [Profiling the Profession](https://profilingtheprofession.org.uk/executive-summary/)\n
        - [Shovelbums](https://shovelbums.org/)\n
        \n
        Professional Organisations:\n
        \n
        - [Chartered Institute for Archaeologists (UK)](https://archaeologists.net)\n
        - [BAJR (UK)](http://www.bajr.org/)\n
        - [Association for Environmental Archaeology](https://envarch.net/)\n
        - [Archaeology Scotland](https://archaeologyscotland.org.uk/)\n
        - [Historic England](https://historicengland.org.uk/advice/find/a-z-publications/)\n
        \n
        FOSS Tools:\n
        \n
        - [Diamond Open Access in Archaeology](https://diamond.open-archaeo.info/)\n
        - [Tools for Quantitative Archaeology – in R](https://github.com/sslarch/tfqar)\n
        - [Open Archaeo](https://open-archaeo.info/): A list of open source archaeological tools and software.\n
        - [The Open Digital Archaeology Textbook](https://o-date.github.io/draft/book/getting-started.html)\n
        \n
        Datasets:\n
        \n
        - [Dutch archaeological repository (Archis III)](https://www.archis.cultureelerfgoed.nl)\n
        - [Archaeology Data Service (UK)](https://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/)\n
        \n
        Fun:\n
        \n
        - [Time Team from the BBC](https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCvmEISc6e4tLwn8TyS14ncw)\n
        \n
        Other Resources:\n
        \n
        - [List of Archaeological Academic Journals](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_archaeology_journals)\n
        - [Archaeologists of Mastodon Listing](https://stark1tty.github.io/Mastodon-Archaeology/)\n
        - [Academics on Mastodon](https://nathanlesage.github.io/academics-on-mastodon/)\n
        \n
        ![](https://mander.xyz/pictrs/image/176f5cdc-e7d6-46a3-b742-7c26bcc6c090.png)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        Similar Communities\n
        -------------------\n
        \n
        - [!openscience@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/openscience)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        Sister Communities\n
        ------------------\n
        \n
        ### Science and Research\n
        \n
        - [!scicomm@mander.xyz](/c/scicomm@mander.xyz)\n
        \n
        ### Biology and Life Sciences\n
        \n
        - [!anthropology@mander.xyz](/c/anthropology@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!biodiversity@mander.xyz](/c/biodiversity@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!palaeoecology@mander.xyz](/c/palaeoecology@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!palaeontology@mander.xyz](/c/palaeontology@mander.xyz)\n
        \n
        #### Plants & Gardening\n
        \n
        - [!balconygardening@slrpnk.net](/c/balconygardening@slrpnk.net)\n
        - [!gardening@mander.xyz](/c/gardening@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!houseplants@mander.xyz](/c/houseplants@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!plantid@mander.xyz](/c/plantid@mander.xyz)\n
        \n
        ### Physical Sciences\n
        \n
        - [!earthscience@mander.xyz](/c/earthscience@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!geography@mander.xyz](/c/geography@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!geospatial@mander.xyz](/c/geospatial@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!soilscience@slrpnk.net](/c/soilscience@slrpnk.net)\n
        \n
        ### Humanities and Social Sciences\n
        \n
        - [!archaeology@mander.xyz](/c/archaeology@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!folklore@mander.xyz](/c/folklore@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!history@mander.xyz](/c/history@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!old_maps@mander.xyz](/c/old_maps@mander.xyz)\n
        \n
        ### Memes\n
        \n
        - [!bushrat_confidential@slrpnk.net](/c/bushrat_confidential@slrpnk.net)\n
        - [!science_memes@mander.xyz](/c/science_memes@mander.xyz)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Find us on Reddit**\n
        \n
        - [r/enviro_archaeology](https://www.reddit.com/r/enviro_archaeology/)\n
        - [r/geoarchaeology](https://www.reddit.com/r/geoarchaeology/)\n
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      The abandoned fieldstone walls of New England are every bit as iconic to the region as lobster pots, town greens, sap buckets and fall foliage. They seem to be everywhere—a latticework of dry, lichen-crusted stone ridges separating a patchwork of otherwise moist soils.\n
      \n
      Stone walls can be found here and there in other states, but only in New England are they nearly ubiquitous. That’s due to a regionally unique combination of hard crystalline bedrock, glacial soils and farms with patchworks of small land parcels.\n
      \n
      Nearly all were built by European settlers and their draft animals, who scuttled glacial stones from agricultural fields and pastures outward to fence lines and boundaries, then tossed or stacked them as lines. Though the oldest walls date to 1607, most were built in the agrarian century between the American Revolution and the cultural shift toward cities and industry after the Civil War.\n
      \n
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      \n
      Natural scientists have been working to quantify this phenomenon, which is larger in volume than the Great Wall of China, Hadrian’s Wall in Britain and the Egyptian pyramids at Giza combined. This work began in 1870 and generated the U.S. government’s 1872 Census of Fences. Today, scientists are using a technique called LiDAR, or light detection and ranging, to measure and map stone walls across New England.
      """
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      +name: "archaeology@mander.xyz"
      +title: "archaeology"
      +description: """
        Welcome to c/Archaeology @ Mander.xyz!\n
        ======================================\n
        \n
        #### Shovelbums welcome. 🗿\n
        \n
        ![](https://mander.xyz/pictrs/image/b6df770c-bf61-441e-81ff-475fc3c12a58.png)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Notice Board**\n
        \n
        *This is a work in progress, please don’t mind the mess.*\n
        \n
        - 2023-06-15: We are [collecting resources](https://mander.xyz/post/706957) for the sidebar!\n
        - 2023-06-13: We are looking for [mods](https://mander.xyz/post/680156). Send a dm to [@fossilesque@mander.xyz](https://mander.xyz/u/fossilesque) if interested!\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **About**\n
        \n
        > Archaeology or archeology[a] is the study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture. The archaeological record consists of artifacts, architecture, biofacts or ecofacts, sites, and cultural landscapes.\n
        > \n
        > Archaeology has various goals, which range from understanding culture history to reconstructing past lifeways to documenting and explaining changes in human societies through time.\n
        > \n
        > The discipline involves surveying, excavation, and eventually analysis of data collected, to learn more about the past. In broad scope, archaeology relies on cross-disciplinary research. [Read more…](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeology)\n
        \n
        **Rules**\n
        \n
        1. Don’t throw mud. Be kind and remember the human.\n
        2. Keep it rooted (on topic).\n
        3. No spam.\n
        4. No pseudoscience/pseudoarchaeology.\n
        \n
        ![](https://mander.xyz/pictrs/image/7bae951a-c3ea-4b8f-95cd-057a7d1a3e32.png)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Links**\n
        \n
        Archaeology 101:\n
        \n
        - [Historic England’s Guides for the Archaeological Sciences](https://historicengland.org.uk/advice/technical-advice/archaeological-science/)\n
        \n
        Get Involved:\n
        \n
        - [AIA Societies (USA)](https://www.archaeological.org/programs/societies/find/)\n
        \n
        University and Field Work:\n
        \n
        - [Archaeological Fieldwork Opportunities Bulletin](https://www.archaeological.org/programs/professionals/fieldwork/afob/)\n
        - [University Archaeology (UK)](https://www.universityarchaeology.co.uk/)\n
        - [Black Trowel Collective Microgrants for Students](https://blacktrowelcollective.wordpress.com/)\n
        \n
        Jobs and Career:\n
        \n
        - [Ways into Archaeology](https://www.archaeologyuk.org/ways-into-archaeology.html)\n
        - [Profiling the Profession](https://profilingtheprofession.org.uk/executive-summary/)\n
        - [Shovelbums](https://shovelbums.org/)\n
        \n
        Professional Organisations:\n
        \n
        - [Chartered Institute for Archaeologists (UK)](https://archaeologists.net)\n
        - [BAJR (UK)](http://www.bajr.org/)\n
        - [Association for Environmental Archaeology](https://envarch.net/)\n
        - [Archaeology Scotland](https://archaeologyscotland.org.uk/)\n
        - [Historic England](https://historicengland.org.uk/advice/find/a-z-publications/)\n
        \n
        FOSS Tools:\n
        \n
        - [Diamond Open Access in Archaeology](https://diamond.open-archaeo.info/)\n
        - [Tools for Quantitative Archaeology – in R](https://github.com/sslarch/tfqar)\n
        - [Open Archaeo](https://open-archaeo.info/): A list of open source archaeological tools and software.\n
        - [The Open Digital Archaeology Textbook](https://o-date.github.io/draft/book/getting-started.html)\n
        \n
        Datasets:\n
        \n
        - [Dutch archaeological repository (Archis III)](https://www.archis.cultureelerfgoed.nl)\n
        - [Archaeology Data Service (UK)](https://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/)\n
        \n
        Fun:\n
        \n
        - [Time Team from the BBC](https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCvmEISc6e4tLwn8TyS14ncw)\n
        \n
        Other Resources:\n
        \n
        - [List of Archaeological Academic Journals](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_archaeology_journals)\n
        - [Archaeologists of Mastodon Listing](https://stark1tty.github.io/Mastodon-Archaeology/)\n
        - [Academics on Mastodon](https://nathanlesage.github.io/academics-on-mastodon/)\n
        \n
        ![](https://mander.xyz/pictrs/image/176f5cdc-e7d6-46a3-b742-7c26bcc6c090.png)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        Similar Communities\n
        -------------------\n
        \n
        - [!openscience@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/openscience)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        Sister Communities\n
        ------------------\n
        \n
        ### Science and Research\n
        \n
        - [!scicomm@mander.xyz](/c/scicomm@mander.xyz)\n
        \n
        ### Biology and Life Sciences\n
        \n
        - [!anthropology@mander.xyz](/c/anthropology@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!biodiversity@mander.xyz](/c/biodiversity@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!palaeoecology@mander.xyz](/c/palaeoecology@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!palaeontology@mander.xyz](/c/palaeontology@mander.xyz)\n
        \n
        #### Plants & Gardening\n
        \n
        - [!balconygardening@slrpnk.net](/c/balconygardening@slrpnk.net)\n
        - [!gardening@mander.xyz](/c/gardening@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!houseplants@mander.xyz](/c/houseplants@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!plantid@mander.xyz](/c/plantid@mander.xyz)\n
        \n
        ### Physical Sciences\n
        \n
        - [!earthscience@mander.xyz](/c/earthscience@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!geography@mander.xyz](/c/geography@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!geospatial@mander.xyz](/c/geospatial@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!soilscience@slrpnk.net](/c/soilscience@slrpnk.net)\n
        \n
        ### Humanities and Social Sciences\n
        \n
        - [!archaeology@mander.xyz](/c/archaeology@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!folklore@mander.xyz](/c/folklore@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!history@mander.xyz](/c/history@mander.xyz)\n
        - [!old_maps@mander.xyz](/c/old_maps@mander.xyz)\n
        \n
        ### Memes\n
        \n
        - [!bushrat_confidential@slrpnk.net](/c/bushrat_confidential@slrpnk.net)\n
        - [!science_memes@mander.xyz](/c/science_memes@mander.xyz)\n
        \n
        ---\n
        \n
        **Find us on Reddit**\n
        \n
        - [r/enviro_archaeology](https://www.reddit.com/r/enviro_archaeology/)\n
        - [r/geoarchaeology](https://www.reddit.com/r/geoarchaeology/)\n
        \n
        ![](https://mander.xyz/pictrs/image/e39fc00d-7e3f-4c8d-86b9-a753b7f4578a.png)
        """
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      The abandoned fieldstone walls of New England are every bit as iconic to the region as lobster pots, town greens, sap buckets and fall foliage. They seem to be everywhere—a latticework of dry, lichen-crusted stone ridges separating a patchwork of otherwise moist soils.\n
      \n
      Stone walls can be found here and there in other states, but only in New England are they nearly ubiquitous. That’s due to a regionally unique combination of hard crystalline bedrock, glacial soils and farms with patchworks of small land parcels.\n
      \n
      Nearly all were built by European settlers and their draft animals, who scuttled glacial stones from agricultural fields and pastures outward to fence lines and boundaries, then tossed or stacked them as lines. Though the oldest walls date to 1607, most were built in the agrarian century between the American Revolution and the cultural shift toward cities and industry after the Civil War.\n
      \n
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      \n
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      """
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    -bodyTs: "'000':168,171 '10':191 '1607':128 '1870':243 '1872':250 '240':167 '400':170 'abandon':2 'across':273 'agrarian':134 'agricultur':105 'american':138 'anim':99 'approach':204 'barricad':174 'bedrock':78 'began':241 'bit':10 'boundari':114 'britain':231 'bucket':22 'built':92,131 'call':260 'census':251 'centuri':135,161 'china':226 'citi':145 'civil':150 'closest':203 'combin':74,238 'crust':37 'crystallin':77 'cultur':142 'date':126 'detect':264 'draft':98 'dri':34 'due':69 'earth':206 'egyptian':234 'england':7,62,275 'enough':186 'equat':195 'estim':166 'european':94 'everi':9 'everywher':30 'fall':24 'farm':82 'farmer':157 'fenc':111,253 'field':106 'fieldston':3 'foliag':25 'found':51 'generat':245 'giza':237 'glacial':79,102 'govern':248 'great':223 'green':20 'hadrian':227 'hard':76 'high':179 'icon':12 'industri':147 'kilomet':172 'land':87 'larger':218 'latticework':32 'lichen':36 'lichen-crust':35 'lidar':261 'light':263 'line':112,121 'lobster':17 'long':185 'map':270 'mass':153 'measur':268 'mile':169 'mind':164 'moist':45 'moon':200 'move':158 'natur':207 'near':65,89 'new':6,61,274 'oldest':124 'otherwis':44 'outward':109 'parcel':88 'pastur':108 'patchwork':42,84 'phenomenon':215 'planet':190 'pot':18 'pyramid':235 'quantifi':213 'rang':266 'reach':198 'region':15,72 'revolut':139 'ridg':39 'sap':21 'scientist':208,255 'scuttl':101 'seem':27 'separ':40 'settler':95 'shift':143 'similar':181 'small':86 'soil':46,80 'stack':118,176 'stagger':162 'state':57 'stone':38,47,103,155,271 'techniqu':259 'thigh':178 'thigh-high':177 'though':122 'time':192 'today':254 'toss':116 'toward':144 'town':19 'u.s':247 'ubiquit':66 'uniqu':73 'use':257 'volum':220 'wall':4,48,125,224,229,272 'war':151 'wide':182 'work':211,240 'wrap':188"
    +cross: false
    +upVotes: 0
    +downVotes: 0
    +ranking: 1704412110
    +visibility: "visible             "
    +apId: "https://midwest.social/post/7142004"
    +editedAt: null
    +createdAt: DateTimeImmutable @1704325710 {#75
      date: 2024-01-04 00:48:30.0 +01:00
    }
  }
  -cache: Symfony\Component\Cache\Adapter\TraceableTagAwareAdapter {#600 …}
}

[
  "label" => "Sidebar position"
  "settingsKey" => "KBIN_GENERAL_SIDEBAR_POSITION"
  "values" => [
    [
      "name" => "Left"
      "value" => "LEFT"
    ]
    [
      "name" => "Right"
      "value" => "RIGHT"
    ]
  ]
  "defaultValue" => "RIGHT"
]

App\Twig\Components\SettingsRowEnumComponent {#2833
  +label: "Sidebar position"
  +help: ""
  +settingsKey: "KBIN_GENERAL_SIDEBAR_POSITION"
  +values: [
    [
      "name" => "Left"
      "value" => "LEFT"
    ]
    [
      "name" => "Right"
      "value" => "RIGHT"
    ]
  ]
  +defaultValue: "RIGHT"
  +reloadRequired: true
}

[
  "label" => "Dynamic lists"
  "settingsKey" => "KBIN_GENERAL_DYNAMIC_LISTS"
]

App\Twig\Components\SettingsRowSwitchComponent {#2905
  +label: "Dynamic lists"
  +help: ""
  +settingsKey: "KBIN_GENERAL_DYNAMIC_LISTS"
  +defaultValue: false
  +reloadRequired: true
}

[
  "label" => "Rounded edges"
  "settingsKey" => "KBIN_GENERAL_ROUNDED_EDGES"
]

App\Twig\Components\SettingsRowSwitchComponent {#2968
  +label: "Rounded edges"
  +help: ""
  +settingsKey: "KBIN_GENERAL_ROUNDED_EDGES"
  +defaultValue: false
  +reloadRequired: true
}

[
  "label" => "Infinite scrolling"
  "help" => "Automatically load more content when you reach the bottom of the page."
  "settingsKey" => "KBIN_GENERAL_INFINITE_SCROLL"
]

App\Twig\Components\SettingsRowSwitchComponent {#3024
  +label: "Infinite scrolling"
  +help: "Automatically load more content when you reach the bottom of the page."
  +settingsKey: "KBIN_GENERAL_INFINITE_SCROLL"
  +defaultValue: false
  +reloadRequired: true
}

[
  "label" => "Sticky navbar"
  "help" => "The navbar will stick to the top of the page when you scroll down."
  "settingsKey" => "KBIN_GENERAL_FIXED_NAVBAR"
]

App\Twig\Components\SettingsRowSwitchComponent {#3083
  +label: "Sticky navbar"
  +help: "The navbar will stick to the top of the page when you scroll down."
  +settingsKey: "KBIN_GENERAL_FIXED_NAVBAR"
  +defaultValue: false
  +reloadRequired: true
}

[
  "label" => "Show top bar"
  "settingsKey" => "KBIN_GENERAL_TOPBAR"
]

App\Twig\Components\SettingsRowSwitchComponent {#3139
  +label: "Show top bar"
  +help: ""
  +settingsKey: "KBIN_GENERAL_TOPBAR"
  +defaultValue: false
  +reloadRequired: true
}

[
  "label" => "Turbo mode (experimental)"
  "settingsKey" => "KBIN_GENERAL_TURBO"
]

App\Twig\Components\SettingsRowSwitchComponent {#3195
  +label: "Turbo mode (experimental)"
  +help: ""
  +settingsKey: "KBIN_GENERAL_TURBO"
  +defaultValue: false
  +reloadRequired: true
}

[
  "label" => "Mark new comments"
  "settingsKey" => "KBIN_MARK_NEW_COMMENTS"
]

App\Twig\Components\UserSettingsRowSwitchComponent {#3253
  +label: "Mark new comments"
  +help: ""
  +settingsKey: "KBIN_MARK_NEW_COMMENTS"
  +defaultValue: false
  +reloadRequired: true
}

[
  "label" => "Show "Support Us" block"
  "settingsKey" => "KBIN_GENERAL_SUPPORT_US_BLOCK"
  "defaultValue" => true
]

App\Twig\Components\SettingsRowSwitchComponent {#3316
  +label: "Show "Support Us" block"
  +help: ""
  +settingsKey: "KBIN_GENERAL_SUPPORT_US_BLOCK"
  +defaultValue: true
  +reloadRequired: true
}

[
  "label" => "Show subscribed users"
  "settingsKey" => "KBIN_SUB_CHANNEL_USERS"
]

App\Twig\Components\UserSettingsRowSwitchComponent {#3374
  +label: "Show subscribed users"
  +help: ""
  +settingsKey: "KBIN_SUB_CHANNEL_USERS"
  +defaultValue: false
  +reloadRequired: true
}

[
  "label" => "Show subscribed magazines"
  "settingsKey" => "KBIN_SUB_CHANNEL_MAGAZINES"
]

App\Twig\Components\UserSettingsRowSwitchComponent {#3430
  +label: "Show subscribed magazines"
  +help: ""
  +settingsKey: "KBIN_SUB_CHANNEL_MAGAZINES"
  +defaultValue: false
  +reloadRequired: true
}

[
  "label" => "Show subscribed domains"
  "settingsKey" => "KBIN_SUB_CHANNEL_DOMAINS"
]

App\Twig\Components\UserSettingsRowSwitchComponent {#3486
  +label: "Show subscribed domains"
  +help: ""
  +settingsKey: "KBIN_SUB_CHANNEL_DOMAINS"
  +defaultValue: false
  +reloadRequired: true
}

[
  "label" => "Auto media preview"
  "help" => "Automatically expand media previews."
  "settingsKey" => "KBIN_ENTRIES_SHOW_PREVIEW"
]

App\Twig\Components\SettingsRowSwitchComponent {#3542
  +label: "Auto media preview"
  +help: "Automatically expand media previews."
  +settingsKey: "KBIN_ENTRIES_SHOW_PREVIEW"
  +defaultValue: false
  +reloadRequired: true
}

[
  "label" => "Compact view"
  "settingsKey" => "KBIN_ENTRIES_COMPACT"
]

App\Twig\Components\SettingsRowSwitchComponent {#3598
  +label: "Compact view"
  +help: ""
  +settingsKey: "KBIN_ENTRIES_COMPACT"
  +defaultValue: false
  +reloadRequired: true
}

[
  "label" => "Show users’ avatars"
  "settingsKey" => "KBIN_ENTRIES_SHOW_USERS_AVATARS"
]

App\Twig\Components\SettingsRowSwitchComponent {#3654
  +label: "Show users’ avatars"
  +help: ""
  +settingsKey: "KBIN_ENTRIES_SHOW_USERS_AVATARS"
  +defaultValue: false
  +reloadRequired: true
}

[
  "label" => "Show magazines’ icons"
  "settingsKey" => "KBIN_ENTRIES_SHOW_MAGAZINES_ICONS"
]

App\Twig\Components\SettingsRowSwitchComponent {#3710
  +label: "Show magazines’ icons"
  +help: ""
  +settingsKey: "KBIN_ENTRIES_SHOW_MAGAZINES_ICONS"
  +defaultValue: false
  +reloadRequired: true
}

[
  "label" => "Show thumbnails"
  "settingsKey" => "KBIN_ENTRIES_SHOW_THUMBNAILS"
  "defaultValue" => true
]

App\Twig\Components\SettingsRowSwitchComponent {#3766
  +label: "Show thumbnails"
  +help: ""
  +settingsKey: "KBIN_ENTRIES_SHOW_THUMBNAILS"
  +defaultValue: true
  +reloadRequired: true
}

[
  "label" => "Auto media preview"
  "help" => "Automatically expand media previews."
  "settingsKey" => "KBIN_POSTS_SHOW_PREVIEW"
]

App\Twig\Components\SettingsRowSwitchComponent {#3822
  +label: "Auto media preview"
  +help: "Automatically expand media previews."
  +settingsKey: "KBIN_POSTS_SHOW_PREVIEW"
  +defaultValue: false
  +reloadRequired: true
}

[
  "label" => "Show users’ avatars"
  "settingsKey" => "KBIN_POSTS_SHOW_USERS_AVATARS"
  "defaultValue" => true
]

App\Twig\Components\SettingsRowSwitchComponent {#3878
  +label: "Show users’ avatars"
  +help: ""
  +settingsKey: "KBIN_POSTS_SHOW_USERS_AVATARS"
  +defaultValue: true
  +reloadRequired: true
}

[
  "label" => "Comment reply position"
  "help" => "Display the comment reply form either at the top or bottom of the page. When 'infinite scroll' is enabled the position will always appear at the top."
  "settingsKey" => "KBIN_COMMENTS_REPLY_POSITION"
  "values" => [
    [
      "name" => "top"
      "value" => "TOP"
    ]
    [
      "name" => "bottom"
      "value" => "BOTTOM"
    ]
  ]
  "defaultValue" => "TOP"
]

App\Twig\Components\SettingsRowEnumComponent {#3934
  +label: "Comment reply position"
  +help: "Display the comment reply form either at the top or bottom of the page. When 'infinite scroll' is enabled the position will always appear at the top."
  +settingsKey: "KBIN_COMMENTS_REPLY_POSITION"
  +values: [
    [
      "name" => "top"
      "value" => "TOP"
    ]
    [
      "name" => "bottom"
      "value" => "BOTTOM"
    ]
  ]
  +defaultValue: "TOP"
  +reloadRequired: true
}

[
  "label" => "Show Comment Avatars"
  "help" => "Display/hide user avatars when viewing comments on a single thread or post."
  "settingsKey" => "KBIN_COMMENTS_SHOW_USER_AVATAR"
  "defaultValue" => true
]

App\Twig\Components\SettingsRowSwitchComponent {#3992
  +label: "Show Comment Avatars"
  +help: "Display/hide user avatars when viewing comments on a single thread or post."
  +settingsKey: "KBIN_COMMENTS_SHOW_USER_AVATAR"
  +defaultValue: true
  +reloadRequired: true
}

[
  "user" => Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\User {#1899
    +avatar: null
    +cover: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Image {#2464 …}
    +email: "recreationalplacebos@midwest.social"
    +username: "@recreationalplacebos@midwest.social"
    +roles: []
    +followersCount: 0
    +homepage: "front"
    +about: "Where can we get these placebos? Maybe there’s some in this truck…"
    +lastActive: DateTime @1729497633 {#1740
      date: 2024-10-21 10:00:33.0 +02:00
    }
    +markedForDeletionAt: null
    +fields: null
    +oauthGithubId: null
    +oauthGoogleId: null
    +oauthFacebookId: null
    +oauthKeycloakId: null
    +hideAdult: true
    +showSubscribedUsers: true
    +showSubscribedMagazines: true
    +showSubscribedDomains: true
    +preferredLanguages: []
    +featuredMagazines: null
    +showProfileSubscriptions: false
    +showProfileFollowings: true
    +markNewComments: false
    +notifyOnNewEntry: false
    +notifyOnNewEntryReply: true
    +notifyOnNewEntryCommentReply: true
    +notifyOnNewPost: false
    +notifyOnNewPostReply: true
    +notifyOnNewPostCommentReply: true
    +addMentionsEntries: false
    +addMentionsPosts: true
    +isBanned: false
    +isVerified: false
    +isDeleted: false
    +isBot: false
    +spamProtection: true
    +customCss: null
    +ignoreMagazinesCustomCss: false
    +moderatorTokens: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2463 …}
    +magazineOwnershipRequests: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2411 …}
    +moderatorRequests: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2422 …}
    +entries: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2458 …}
    +entryVotes: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2456 …}
    +entryComments: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2453 …}
    +entryCommentVotes: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2377 …}
    +posts: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2459 …}
    +postVotes: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2383 …}
    +postComments: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1381 …}
    +postCommentVotes: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2031 …}
    +subscriptions: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1908 …}
    +subscribedDomains: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2076 …}
    +follows: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2082 …}
    +followers: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2084 …}
    +blocks: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2133 …}
    +blockers: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2094 …}
    +blockedMagazines: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2332 …}
    +blockedDomains: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2141 …}
    +reports: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2129 …}
    +favourites: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2328 …}
    +violations: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2323 …}
    +notifications: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2300 …}
    +awards: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2326 …}
    +subscribedCategories: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2339 …}
    +categories: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2066 …}
    -id: 53276
    -password: "$2y$13$ae3NmzgZxoLDI5Dhx9mTl.Fq4ffHpV9Zul5OIdGdRWbpF3evuqDQK"
    -totpSecret: null
    -totpBackupCodes: []
    -oAuth2UserConsents: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#2045 …}
    +apId: "recreationalplacebos@midwest.social"
    +apProfileId: "https://midwest.social/u/recreationalplacebos"
    +apPublicUrl: "https://midwest.social/u/recreationalplacebos"
    +apFollowersUrl: null
    +apInboxUrl: "https://midwest.social/inbox"
    +apDomain: "midwest.social"
    +apPreferredUsername: "recreationalplacebos"
    +apDiscoverable: true
    +apManuallyApprovesFollowers: false
    +privateKey: null
    +publicKey: null
    +apFetchedAt: DateTime @1729083776 {#1707
      date: 2024-10-16 15:02:56.0 +02:00
    }
    +apDeletedAt: null
    +apTimeoutAt: null
    +visibility: "visible             "
    +createdAt: DateTimeImmutable @1696729255 {#2465
      date: 2023-10-08 03:40:55.0 +02:00
    }
    +__isInitialized__: true
     …2
  }
]