Symfony Profiler

Security

Token

There is no security token.

Firewall

main Name

Security enabled

Stateless

Configuration

Key	Value
provider	security.user.provider.concrete.app_user_provider
context	main
entry_point	App\Security\KbinAuthenticator
user_checker	App\Security\UserChecker
access_denied_handler	(none)
access_denied_url	(none)
authenticators	[`"two_factor" "remember_me" "App\Security\KbinAuthenticator" "App\Security\FacebookAuthenticator" "App\Security\GoogleAuthenticator" "App\Security\GithubAuthenticator" "App\Security\KeycloakAuthenticator"`]

Listeners

Listener	Duration	Response
Symfony\Component\Security\Http\Firewall\ChannelListener {#723`-map: Symfony\Component\Security\Http\AccessMap {#722 …} -logger: Monolog\Logger {#783 …} -httpPort: 80 -httpsPort: 443`}	0.00 ms	(none)
Symfony\Component\Security\Http\Firewall\ContextListener {#706-tokenStorage: Symfony\Component\Security\Core\Authentication\Token\Storage\TokenStorage {#1017 …} -sessionKey: "_security_main" -logger: Monolog\Logger {#783 …} -userProviders: Symfony\Component\DependencyInjection\Argument\RewindableGenerator {#705 …} -dispatcher: Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\Debug\TraceableEventDispatcher {#747 …} -registered: false -trustResolver: Scheb\TwoFactorBundle\Security\Authentication\AuthenticationTrustResolver {#780 …} -sessionTrackerEnabler: Symfony\Component\Security\Core\Authentication\Token\Storage\UsageTrackingTokenStorage::enableUsageTracking(): void {#703 …}}	16.76 ms	(none)
Symfony\Component\Security\Http\Firewall\AuthenticatorManagerListener {#584`-authenticatorManager: Symfony\Component\Security\Http\Authentication\AuthenticatorManager {#595 …}`}	0.00 ms	(none)
Scheb\TwoFactorBundle\Security\Http\Firewall\TwoFactorAccessListener {#582`-twoFactorFirewallConfig: Scheb\TwoFactorBundle\Security\TwoFactor\TwoFactorFirewallConfig {#842 …} -tokenStorage: Symfony\Component\Security\Core\Authentication\Token\Storage\UsageTrackingTokenStorage {#1018 …} -twoFactorAccessDecider: Scheb\TwoFactorBundle\Security\Authorization\TwoFactorAccessDecider {#581 …}`}	0.07 ms	(none)
Symfony\Component\Security\Http\Firewall\AccessListener {#579`-tokenStorage: Symfony\Component\Security\Core\Authentication\Token\Storage\UsageTrackingTokenStorage {#1018 …} -accessDecisionManager: Symfony\Component\Security\Core\Authorization\TraceableAccessDecisionManager {#937 …} -map: Symfony\Component\Security\Http\AccessMap {#722 …}`}	0.00 ms	(none)
Symfony\Component\Security\Http\Firewall\LogoutListener {#786`-tokenStorage: Symfony\Component\Security\Core\Authentication\Token\Storage\UsageTrackingTokenStorage {#1018 …} -options: [ "csrf_parameter" => "_csrf_token" "csrf_token_id" => "logout" "logout_path" => "app_logout" ] -httpUtils: Symfony\Component\Security\Http\HttpUtils {#841 …} -csrfTokenManager: Symfony\Component\Security\Csrf\CsrfTokenManager {#1015 …} -eventDispatcher: Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\Debug\TraceableEventDispatcher {#747 …}`}	0.00 ms	(none)

Authenticators

No authenticators have been recorded. Check previous profiles on your authentication endpoint.

Access Decision

affirmative Strategy


"Symfony\Component\Security\Core\Authorization\Voter\AuthenticatedVoter"
"Scheb\TwoFactorBundle\Security\Authorization\Voter\TwoFactorInProgressVoter"
"Symfony\Component\Security\Core\Authorization\Voter\RoleHierarchyVoter"
"Symfony\Component\Security\Core\Authorization\Voter\ExpressionVoter"
"App\Security\Voter\EntryCommentVoter"
"App\Security\Voter\EntryVoter"
"App\Security\Voter\MagazineVoter"
"App\Security\Voter\MessageThreadVoter"
"App\Security\Voter\MessageVoter"
"App\Security\Voter\NotificationVoter"
"App\Security\Voter\OAuth2UserConsentVoter"
"App\Security\Voter\PostCommentVoter"
"App\Security\Voter\PostVoter"
"App\Security\Voter\UserVoter"

#	Voter class
1	"Symfony\Component\Security\Core\Authorization\Voter\AuthenticatedVoter"
2	"Scheb\TwoFactorBundle\Security\Authorization\Voter\TwoFactorInProgressVoter"
3	"Symfony\Component\Security\Core\Authorization\Voter\RoleHierarchyVoter"
4	"Symfony\Component\Security\Core\Authorization\Voter\ExpressionVoter"
5	"App\Security\Voter\EntryCommentVoter"
6	"App\Security\Voter\EntryVoter"
7	"App\Security\Voter\MagazineVoter"
8	"App\Security\Voter\MessageThreadVoter"
9	"App\Security\Voter\MessageVoter"
10	"App\Security\Voter\NotificationVoter"
11	"App\Security\Voter\OAuth2UserConsentVoter"
12	"App\Security\Voter\PostCommentVoter"
13	"App\Security\Voter\PostVoter"
14	"App\Security\Voter\UserVoter"

Access decision log


null
"App\Security\Voter\UserVoter"
App\Entity\Entry {#2400
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  +magazine: App\Entity\Magazine {#265
    +icon: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Image {#246 …}
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    +title: "linux"
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      From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia\n
      \n
      Linux is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991 by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged in a Linux distribution (or distro for short).\n
      \n
      Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word “Linux” in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU/Linux to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy.\n
      \n
      ### Rules\n
      \n
      - Posts must be relevant to operating systems running the Linux kernel. GNU/Linux or otherwise.\n
      - No misinformation\n
      - No NSFW content\n
      - No hate speech, bigotry, etc\n
      \n
      ### Related Communities\n
      \n
      - [!opensource@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/opensource)\n
      - [!libre_culture@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_culture)\n
      - [!technology@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/technology)\n
      - [!libre_hardware@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_hardware)\n
      \n
      Community icon by [Alpár-Etele Méder](https://www.iconfinder.com/pocike), licensed under [CC BY 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
      """
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  +title: "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"
  +url: null
  +body: """
    What solutions out there can package software in the *native* package format? I only found [fpm (effing package management)](https://fpm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) and [OBS (Open Build Service)](https://openbuildservice.org/) so far.\n
    \n
    Edit history:\n
    \n
    - 2023-11-02: Change title from “How to package software for many distributions?” to "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"\n
    - 2023-11-02: Highlight the word native.
    """
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    date: 2023-11-02 19:25:54.0 +01:00
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}
"App\Security\Voter\UserVoter"
App\Entity\Entry {#2400
  +user: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\User {#1978 …}
  +magazine: App\Entity\Magazine {#265
    +icon: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Image {#246 …}
    +name: "linux@lemmy.ml"
    +title: "linux"
    +description: """
      From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia\n
      \n
      Linux is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991 by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged in a Linux distribution (or distro for short).\n
      \n
      Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word “Linux” in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU/Linux to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy.\n
      \n
      ### Rules\n
      \n
      - Posts must be relevant to operating systems running the Linux kernel. GNU/Linux or otherwise.\n
      - No misinformation\n
      - No NSFW content\n
      - No hate speech, bigotry, etc\n
      \n
      ### Related Communities\n
      \n
      - [!opensource@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/opensource)\n
      - [!libre_culture@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_culture)\n
      - [!technology@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/technology)\n
      - [!libre_hardware@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_hardware)\n
      \n
      Community icon by [Alpár-Etele Méder](https://www.iconfinder.com/pocike), licensed under [CC BY 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
      """
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    +posts: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#138 …}
    +subscriptions: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#200 …}
    +bans: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#117 …}
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    +awards: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1346 …}
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      date: 2023-11-02 13:51:08.0 +01:00
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  +domain: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Domain {#1889 …}
  +slug: "How-to-package-software-for-many-distributions-in-their-native"
  +title: "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"
  +url: null
  +body: """
    What solutions out there can package software in the *native* package format? I only found [fpm (effing package management)](https://fpm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) and [OBS (Open Build Service)](https://openbuildservice.org/) so far.\n
    \n
    Edit history:\n
    \n
    - 2023-11-02: Change title from “How to package software for many distributions?” to "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"\n
    - 2023-11-02: Highlight the word native.
    """
  +type: "article"
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  +lastActive: DateTime @1699219718 {#2414
    date: 2023-11-05 22:28:38.0 +01:00
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  +ip: null
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  +tags: null
  +mentions: null
  +comments: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1688 …}
  +votes: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1966 …}
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  +favourites: Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection {#1368 …}
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    date: 2023-11-02 20:44:03.0 +01:00
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  +createdAt: DateTimeImmutable @1698949554 {#2402
    date: 2023-11-02 19:25:54.0 +01:00
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}
"App\Security\Voter\UserVoter"
App\Entity\Entry {#2400
  +user: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\User {#1978 …}
  +magazine: App\Entity\Magazine {#265
    +icon: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Image {#246 …}
    +name: "linux@lemmy.ml"
    +title: "linux"
    +description: """
      From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia\n
      \n
      Linux is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991 by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged in a Linux distribution (or distro for short).\n
      \n
      Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word “Linux” in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU/Linux to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy.\n
      \n
      ### Rules\n
      \n
      - Posts must be relevant to operating systems running the Linux kernel. GNU/Linux or otherwise.\n
      - No misinformation\n
      - No NSFW content\n
      - No hate speech, bigotry, etc\n
      \n
      ### Related Communities\n
      \n
      - [!opensource@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/opensource)\n
      - [!libre_culture@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_culture)\n
      - [!technology@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/technology)\n
      - [!libre_hardware@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_hardware)\n
      \n
      Community icon by [Alpár-Etele Méder](https://www.iconfinder.com/pocike), licensed under [CC BY 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
      """
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  +image: null
  +domain: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Domain {#1889 …}
  +slug: "How-to-package-software-for-many-distributions-in-their-native"
  +title: "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"
  +url: null
  +body: """
    What solutions out there can package software in the *native* package format? I only found [fpm (effing package management)](https://fpm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) and [OBS (Open Build Service)](https://openbuildservice.org/) so far.\n
    \n
    Edit history:\n
    \n
    - 2023-11-02: Change title from “How to package software for many distributions?” to "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"\n
    - 2023-11-02: Highlight the word native.
    """
  +type: "article"
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    date: 2023-11-02 19:25:54.0 +01:00
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}
"App\Security\Voter\UserVoter"
null
"App\Security\Voter\UserVoter"
App\Entity\EntryComment {#4052
  +user: App\Entity\User {#4000 …}
  +entry: App\Entity\Entry {#2400
    +user: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\User {#1978 …}
    +magazine: App\Entity\Magazine {#265
      +icon: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Image {#246 …}
      +name: "linux@lemmy.ml"
      +title: "linux"
      +description: """
        From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia\n
        \n
        Linux is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991 by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged in a Linux distribution (or distro for short).\n
        \n
        Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word “Linux” in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU/Linux to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy.\n
        \n
        ### Rules\n
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      \n
      Edit history:\n
      \n
      - 2023-11-02: Change title from “How to package software for many distributions?” to "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"\n
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        - [!technology@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/technology)\n
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        - [!libre_hardware@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_hardware)\n
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        Community icon by [Alpár-Etele Méder](https://www.iconfinder.com/pocike), licensed under [CC BY 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
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      What solutions out there can package software in the *native* package format? I only found [fpm (effing package management)](https://fpm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) and [OBS (Open Build Service)](https://openbuildservice.org/) so far.\n
      \n
      Edit history:\n
      \n
      - 2023-11-02: Change title from “How to package software for many distributions?” to "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"\n
      - 2023-11-02: Highlight the word native.
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    The normal way I believe is to provide dpkg, and rpm to cover a few distros and to make sure your software is good enough for someone to pick up and maintain packages for other/their distros. ;)\n
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    The options you already mentioned seems a good fit - with OBS being a bit rpm centric.
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      What solutions out there can package software in the *native* package format? I only found [fpm (effing package management)](https://fpm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) and [OBS (Open Build Service)](https://openbuildservice.org/) so far.\n
      \n
      Edit history:\n
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      - 2023-11-02: Highlight the word native.
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    The normal way I believe is to provide dpkg, and rpm to cover a few distros and to make sure your software is good enough for someone to pick up and maintain packages for other/their distros. ;)\n
    \n
    The options you already mentioned seems a good fit - with OBS being a bit rpm centric.
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      What solutions out there can package software in the *native* package format? I only found [fpm (effing package management)](https://fpm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) and [OBS (Open Build Service)](https://openbuildservice.org/) so far.\n
      \n
      Edit history:\n
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    The normal way I believe is to provide dpkg, and rpm to cover a few distros and to make sure your software is good enough for someone to pick up and maintain packages for other/their distros. ;)\n
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        \n
        - [!opensource@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/opensource)\n
        - [!libre_culture@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_culture)\n
        - [!technology@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/technology)\n
        - [!libre_hardware@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_hardware)\n
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        Community icon by [Alpár-Etele Méder](https://www.iconfinder.com/pocike), licensed under [CC BY 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
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      \n
      Edit history:\n
      \n
      - 2023-11-02: Change title from “How to package software for many distributions?” to "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"\n
      - 2023-11-02: Highlight the word native.
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        - [!opensource@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/opensource)\n
        - [!libre_culture@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_culture)\n
        - [!technology@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/technology)\n
        - [!libre_hardware@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_hardware)\n
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      \n
      Edit history:\n
      \n
      - 2023-11-02: Change title from “How to package software for many distributions?” to "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"\n
      - 2023-11-02: Highlight the word native.
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        \n
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        \n
        - Posts must be relevant to operating systems running the Linux kernel. GNU/Linux or otherwise.\n
        - No misinformation\n
        - No NSFW content\n
        - No hate speech, bigotry, etc\n
        \n
        ### Related Communities\n
        \n
        - [!opensource@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/opensource)\n
        - [!libre_culture@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_culture)\n
        - [!technology@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/technology)\n
        - [!libre_hardware@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_hardware)\n
        \n
        Community icon by [Alpár-Etele Méder](https://www.iconfinder.com/pocike), licensed under [CC BY 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
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      \n
      Edit history:\n
      \n
      - 2023-11-02: Change title from “How to package software for many distributions?” to "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"\n
      - 2023-11-02: Highlight the word native.
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}
"App\Security\Voter\UserVoter"
null
"App\Security\Voter\UserVoter"
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        From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia\n
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        \n
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        \n
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        - [!libre_culture@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_culture)\n
        - [!technology@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/technology)\n
        - [!libre_hardware@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_hardware)\n
        \n
        Community icon by [Alpár-Etele Méder](https://www.iconfinder.com/pocike), licensed under [CC BY 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
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      \n
      Edit history:\n
      \n
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      - 2023-11-02: Highlight the word native.
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        - [!libre_culture@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_culture)\n
        - [!technology@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/technology)\n
        - [!libre_hardware@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_hardware)\n
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        Community icon by [Alpár-Etele Méder](https://www.iconfinder.com/pocike), licensed under [CC BY 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
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      \n
      Edit history:\n
      \n
      - 2023-11-02: Change title from “How to package software for many distributions?” to "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"\n
      - 2023-11-02: Highlight the word native.
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        - No misinformation\n
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        \n
        - [!opensource@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/opensource)\n
        - [!libre_culture@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_culture)\n
        - [!technology@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/technology)\n
        - [!libre_hardware@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_hardware)\n
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      \n
      Edit history:\n
      \n
      - 2023-11-02: Change title from “How to package software for many distributions?” to "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"\n
      - 2023-11-02: Highlight the word native.
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      What solutions out there can package software in the *native* package format? I only found [fpm (effing package management)](https://fpm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) and [OBS (Open Build Service)](https://openbuildservice.org/) so far.\n
      \n
      Edit history:\n
      \n
      - 2023-11-02: Change title from “How to package software for many distributions?” to "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"\n
      - 2023-11-02: Highlight the word native.
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  +parent: null
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  +body: """
    Your options are reduced to the following:\n
    \n
    ### **Flatpak**\n
    \n
    Linux only package manager that works across distros. It supports sandboxing via bubblewrap, but be cautious because by default most programs in Flathub are not as sandboxed as they should. You can host your own repository but it is heavily centralized towards Flathub, controlled by Red Hat, IBM.\n
    \n
    > Flatpak uses OSTree to distribute and deploy data. The repositories it uses are OSTree repositories and can be manipulated with the ostree utility. Installed runtimes and applications are OSTree checkouts.\n
    \n
    ### **AppImage**\n
    \n
    You’re basically packaging your program and every single dependency up to the C library. Linux only.\n
    \n
    > An AppImage is basically a self-mounting disk image that contains an application and everything the application needs to run on the target systems\n
    \n
    [source](https://github.com/AppImage/AppImageKit/wiki/Similar-projects) (incredibly biased towards AppImage)\n
    \n
    ### **Snap**\n
    \n
    Canonical’s take at flatpaks. They are quite similar, but snaps use AppArmor instead of bubblewrap and the server is proprietary, so an inferior option and should be avoided. The only “advantage” is that it’s used by default in Ubuntu.\n
    \n
    ### **Nix/Guix**\n
    \n
    multi distro package manager with reproducible builds support, more akin to a traditional package manager (eg apt)\n
    \n
    > Snappy and Flatpak talk about how they make library versions work better together and blabla and how they solve a lot of issues but that’s just a praetext, the real elephant in the room is that they are a big wink to proprietary software, they were designed for that, they just can’t say it so they focus on other things in their PR statements.\n
    \n
    > How Nix and Guix work is that they are traditional “package managers” as such the user or the distributor must have access to the source code to compile it into a package, the interesting difference is that it is capable of keeping library versions apart and will automatically share libraries if they are exactly the same. But packaging still occurs downstream, not upstream.\n
    \n
    > Snappy and Flatpak allow packaging to occur completely upstream at the developers side, which means they no longer have to cough up source code to whomever who will package. Which leads to an inferior solution to the user with far higher memory and storage consumption.\n
    \n
    [source](https://www.reddit.com/r/linux/comments/4ohvur/nix_vs_snap_vs_flatpak_what_are_the_differences/)\n
    \n
    ### **Pkgsrc**\n
    \n
    this one is something in between Nix and traditional package managers. It’s main advantage is that it works in other UNIX-like OSs, like FreeBSD, NetBSD, IllumOS as well as in Linux. The only not Linux specific option in this list (other than docker, which is not a package manager but a container)\n
    \n
    ### **Docker**\n
    \n
    I wouldn’t recommend this one, since it requires packaging a whole OS that creates a lot of overhead. And it can be tricky to use with GUI programs.\n
    \n
    Overall, I think that Nix/Guix present the most advantages, with Pkgsrc being a less known close second and Flatpak being in the third position due to it’s relative popularity and overall advantages over snaps and docker. Docker might be decent option if it’s a program designed for servers, tho.\n
    \n
    I’d also recommend that you add your program to the AUR, because even if it only works on Arch and Arch based distros, it’s incredibly easy to do and maintain as long as the building of your program doesn’t change drastically between versions.\n
    \n
    Edit: formatting
    """
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"App\Security\Voter\UserVoter"
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        \n
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        \n
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        \n
        ### Rules\n
        \n
        - Posts must be relevant to operating systems running the Linux kernel. GNU/Linux or otherwise.\n
        - No misinformation\n
        - No NSFW content\n
        - No hate speech, bigotry, etc\n
        \n
        ### Related Communities\n
        \n
        - [!opensource@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/opensource)\n
        - [!libre_culture@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_culture)\n
        - [!technology@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/technology)\n
        - [!libre_hardware@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_hardware)\n
        \n
        Community icon by [Alpár-Etele Méder](https://www.iconfinder.com/pocike), licensed under [CC BY 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
        """
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      What solutions out there can package software in the *native* package format? I only found [fpm (effing package management)](https://fpm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) and [OBS (Open Build Service)](https://openbuildservice.org/) so far.\n
      \n
      Edit history:\n
      \n
      - 2023-11-02: Change title from “How to package software for many distributions?” to "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"\n
      - 2023-11-02: Highlight the word native.
      """
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  +parent: null
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  +body: """
    Your options are reduced to the following:\n
    \n
    ### **Flatpak**\n
    \n
    Linux only package manager that works across distros. It supports sandboxing via bubblewrap, but be cautious because by default most programs in Flathub are not as sandboxed as they should. You can host your own repository but it is heavily centralized towards Flathub, controlled by Red Hat, IBM.\n
    \n
    > Flatpak uses OSTree to distribute and deploy data. The repositories it uses are OSTree repositories and can be manipulated with the ostree utility. Installed runtimes and applications are OSTree checkouts.\n
    \n
    ### **AppImage**\n
    \n
    You’re basically packaging your program and every single dependency up to the C library. Linux only.\n
    \n
    > An AppImage is basically a self-mounting disk image that contains an application and everything the application needs to run on the target systems\n
    \n
    [source](https://github.com/AppImage/AppImageKit/wiki/Similar-projects) (incredibly biased towards AppImage)\n
    \n
    ### **Snap**\n
    \n
    Canonical’s take at flatpaks. They are quite similar, but snaps use AppArmor instead of bubblewrap and the server is proprietary, so an inferior option and should be avoided. The only “advantage” is that it’s used by default in Ubuntu.\n
    \n
    ### **Nix/Guix**\n
    \n
    multi distro package manager with reproducible builds support, more akin to a traditional package manager (eg apt)\n
    \n
    > Snappy and Flatpak talk about how they make library versions work better together and blabla and how they solve a lot of issues but that’s just a praetext, the real elephant in the room is that they are a big wink to proprietary software, they were designed for that, they just can’t say it so they focus on other things in their PR statements.\n
    \n
    > How Nix and Guix work is that they are traditional “package managers” as such the user or the distributor must have access to the source code to compile it into a package, the interesting difference is that it is capable of keeping library versions apart and will automatically share libraries if they are exactly the same. But packaging still occurs downstream, not upstream.\n
    \n
    > Snappy and Flatpak allow packaging to occur completely upstream at the developers side, which means they no longer have to cough up source code to whomever who will package. Which leads to an inferior solution to the user with far higher memory and storage consumption.\n
    \n
    [source](https://www.reddit.com/r/linux/comments/4ohvur/nix_vs_snap_vs_flatpak_what_are_the_differences/)\n
    \n
    ### **Pkgsrc**\n
    \n
    this one is something in between Nix and traditional package managers. It’s main advantage is that it works in other UNIX-like OSs, like FreeBSD, NetBSD, IllumOS as well as in Linux. The only not Linux specific option in this list (other than docker, which is not a package manager but a container)\n
    \n
    ### **Docker**\n
    \n
    I wouldn’t recommend this one, since it requires packaging a whole OS that creates a lot of overhead. And it can be tricky to use with GUI programs.\n
    \n
    Overall, I think that Nix/Guix present the most advantages, with Pkgsrc being a less known close second and Flatpak being in the third position due to it’s relative popularity and overall advantages over snaps and docker. Docker might be decent option if it’s a program designed for servers, tho.\n
    \n
    I’d also recommend that you add your program to the AUR, because even if it only works on Arch and Arch based distros, it’s incredibly easy to do and maintain as long as the building of your program doesn’t change drastically between versions.\n
    \n
    Edit: formatting
    """
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"App\Security\Voter\UserVoter"
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        \n
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        \n
        Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word “Linux” in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU/Linux to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy.\n
        \n
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        \n
        - Posts must be relevant to operating systems running the Linux kernel. GNU/Linux or otherwise.\n
        - No misinformation\n
        - No NSFW content\n
        - No hate speech, bigotry, etc\n
        \n
        ### Related Communities\n
        \n
        - [!opensource@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/opensource)\n
        - [!libre_culture@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_culture)\n
        - [!technology@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/technology)\n
        - [!libre_hardware@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_hardware)\n
        \n
        Community icon by [Alpár-Etele Méder](https://www.iconfinder.com/pocike), licensed under [CC BY 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
        """
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    +url: null
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      What solutions out there can package software in the *native* package format? I only found [fpm (effing package management)](https://fpm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) and [OBS (Open Build Service)](https://openbuildservice.org/) so far.\n
      \n
      Edit history:\n
      \n
      - 2023-11-02: Change title from “How to package software for many distributions?” to "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"\n
      - 2023-11-02: Highlight the word native.
      """
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  +image: null
  +parent: null
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  +body: """
    Your options are reduced to the following:\n
    \n
    ### **Flatpak**\n
    \n
    Linux only package manager that works across distros. It supports sandboxing via bubblewrap, but be cautious because by default most programs in Flathub are not as sandboxed as they should. You can host your own repository but it is heavily centralized towards Flathub, controlled by Red Hat, IBM.\n
    \n
    > Flatpak uses OSTree to distribute and deploy data. The repositories it uses are OSTree repositories and can be manipulated with the ostree utility. Installed runtimes and applications are OSTree checkouts.\n
    \n
    ### **AppImage**\n
    \n
    You’re basically packaging your program and every single dependency up to the C library. Linux only.\n
    \n
    > An AppImage is basically a self-mounting disk image that contains an application and everything the application needs to run on the target systems\n
    \n
    [source](https://github.com/AppImage/AppImageKit/wiki/Similar-projects) (incredibly biased towards AppImage)\n
    \n
    ### **Snap**\n
    \n
    Canonical’s take at flatpaks. They are quite similar, but snaps use AppArmor instead of bubblewrap and the server is proprietary, so an inferior option and should be avoided. The only “advantage” is that it’s used by default in Ubuntu.\n
    \n
    ### **Nix/Guix**\n
    \n
    multi distro package manager with reproducible builds support, more akin to a traditional package manager (eg apt)\n
    \n
    > Snappy and Flatpak talk about how they make library versions work better together and blabla and how they solve a lot of issues but that’s just a praetext, the real elephant in the room is that they are a big wink to proprietary software, they were designed for that, they just can’t say it so they focus on other things in their PR statements.\n
    \n
    > How Nix and Guix work is that they are traditional “package managers” as such the user or the distributor must have access to the source code to compile it into a package, the interesting difference is that it is capable of keeping library versions apart and will automatically share libraries if they are exactly the same. But packaging still occurs downstream, not upstream.\n
    \n
    > Snappy and Flatpak allow packaging to occur completely upstream at the developers side, which means they no longer have to cough up source code to whomever who will package. Which leads to an inferior solution to the user with far higher memory and storage consumption.\n
    \n
    [source](https://www.reddit.com/r/linux/comments/4ohvur/nix_vs_snap_vs_flatpak_what_are_the_differences/)\n
    \n
    ### **Pkgsrc**\n
    \n
    this one is something in between Nix and traditional package managers. It’s main advantage is that it works in other UNIX-like OSs, like FreeBSD, NetBSD, IllumOS as well as in Linux. The only not Linux specific option in this list (other than docker, which is not a package manager but a container)\n
    \n
    ### **Docker**\n
    \n
    I wouldn’t recommend this one, since it requires packaging a whole OS that creates a lot of overhead. And it can be tricky to use with GUI programs.\n
    \n
    Overall, I think that Nix/Guix present the most advantages, with Pkgsrc being a less known close second and Flatpak being in the third position due to it’s relative popularity and overall advantages over snaps and docker. Docker might be decent option if it’s a program designed for servers, tho.\n
    \n
    I’d also recommend that you add your program to the AUR, because even if it only works on Arch and Arch based distros, it’s incredibly easy to do and maintain as long as the building of your program doesn’t change drastically between versions.\n
    \n
    Edit: formatting
    """
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"App\Security\Voter\UserVoter"
null
"App\Security\Voter\UserVoter"
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      +title: "linux"
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        \n
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        \n
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        \n
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        \n
        - Posts must be relevant to operating systems running the Linux kernel. GNU/Linux or otherwise.\n
        - No misinformation\n
        - No NSFW content\n
        - No hate speech, bigotry, etc\n
        \n
        ### Related Communities\n
        \n
        - [!opensource@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/opensource)\n
        - [!libre_culture@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_culture)\n
        - [!technology@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/technology)\n
        - [!libre_hardware@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_hardware)\n
        \n
        Community icon by [Alpár-Etele Méder](https://www.iconfinder.com/pocike), licensed under [CC BY 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
        """
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    +slug: "How-to-package-software-for-many-distributions-in-their-native"
    +title: "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"
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      What solutions out there can package software in the *native* package format? I only found [fpm (effing package management)](https://fpm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) and [OBS (Open Build Service)](https://openbuildservice.org/) so far.\n
      \n
      Edit history:\n
      \n
      - 2023-11-02: Change title from “How to package software for many distributions?” to "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"\n
      - 2023-11-02: Highlight the word native.
      """
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    +magazine: App\Entity\Magazine {#265}
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    +body: """
      Your options are reduced to the following:\n
      \n
      ### **Flatpak**\n
      \n
      Linux only package manager that works across distros. It supports sandboxing via bubblewrap, but be cautious because by default most programs in Flathub are not as sandboxed as they should. You can host your own repository but it is heavily centralized towards Flathub, controlled by Red Hat, IBM.\n
      \n
      > Flatpak uses OSTree to distribute and deploy data. The repositories it uses are OSTree repositories and can be manipulated with the ostree utility. Installed runtimes and applications are OSTree checkouts.\n
      \n
      ### **AppImage**\n
      \n
      You’re basically packaging your program and every single dependency up to the C library. Linux only.\n
      \n
      > An AppImage is basically a self-mounting disk image that contains an application and everything the application needs to run on the target systems\n
      \n
      [source](https://github.com/AppImage/AppImageKit/wiki/Similar-projects) (incredibly biased towards AppImage)\n
      \n
      ### **Snap**\n
      \n
      Canonical’s take at flatpaks. They are quite similar, but snaps use AppArmor instead of bubblewrap and the server is proprietary, so an inferior option and should be avoided. The only “advantage” is that it’s used by default in Ubuntu.\n
      \n
      ### **Nix/Guix**\n
      \n
      multi distro package manager with reproducible builds support, more akin to a traditional package manager (eg apt)\n
      \n
      > Snappy and Flatpak talk about how they make library versions work better together and blabla and how they solve a lot of issues but that’s just a praetext, the real elephant in the room is that they are a big wink to proprietary software, they were designed for that, they just can’t say it so they focus on other things in their PR statements.\n
      \n
      > How Nix and Guix work is that they are traditional “package managers” as such the user or the distributor must have access to the source code to compile it into a package, the interesting difference is that it is capable of keeping library versions apart and will automatically share libraries if they are exactly the same. But packaging still occurs downstream, not upstream.\n
      \n
      > Snappy and Flatpak allow packaging to occur completely upstream at the developers side, which means they no longer have to cough up source code to whomever who will package. Which leads to an inferior solution to the user with far higher memory and storage consumption.\n
      \n
      [source](https://www.reddit.com/r/linux/comments/4ohvur/nix_vs_snap_vs_flatpak_what_are_the_differences/)\n
      \n
      ### **Pkgsrc**\n
      \n
      this one is something in between Nix and traditional package managers. It’s main advantage is that it works in other UNIX-like OSs, like FreeBSD, NetBSD, IllumOS as well as in Linux. The only not Linux specific option in this list (other than docker, which is not a package manager but a container)\n
      \n
      ### **Docker**\n
      \n
      I wouldn’t recommend this one, since it requires packaging a whole OS that creates a lot of overhead. And it can be tricky to use with GUI programs.\n
      \n
      Overall, I think that Nix/Guix present the most advantages, with Pkgsrc being a less known close second and Flatpak being in the third position due to it’s relative popularity and overall advantages over snaps and docker. Docker might be decent option if it’s a program designed for servers, tho.\n
      \n
      I’d also recommend that you add your program to the AUR, because even if it only works on Arch and Arch based distros, it’s incredibly easy to do and maintain as long as the building of your program doesn’t change drastically between versions.\n
      \n
      Edit: formatting
      """
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  +body: "I appreciate universal package formats, but I’m looking for solutions that generate *native* packages."
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        \n
        Linux is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991 by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged in a Linux distribution (or distro for short).\n
        \n
        Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word “Linux” in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU/Linux to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy.\n
        \n
        ### Rules\n
        \n
        - Posts must be relevant to operating systems running the Linux kernel. GNU/Linux or otherwise.\n
        - No misinformation\n
        - No NSFW content\n
        - No hate speech, bigotry, etc\n
        \n
        ### Related Communities\n
        \n
        - [!opensource@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/opensource)\n
        - [!libre_culture@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_culture)\n
        - [!technology@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/technology)\n
        - [!libre_hardware@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_hardware)\n
        \n
        Community icon by [Alpár-Etele Méder](https://www.iconfinder.com/pocike), licensed under [CC BY 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
        """
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    +slug: "How-to-package-software-for-many-distributions-in-their-native"
    +title: "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"
    +url: null
    +body: """
      What solutions out there can package software in the *native* package format? I only found [fpm (effing package management)](https://fpm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) and [OBS (Open Build Service)](https://openbuildservice.org/) so far.\n
      \n
      Edit history:\n
      \n
      - 2023-11-02: Change title from “How to package software for many distributions?” to "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"\n
      - 2023-11-02: Highlight the word native.
      """
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    +body: """
      Your options are reduced to the following:\n
      \n
      ### **Flatpak**\n
      \n
      Linux only package manager that works across distros. It supports sandboxing via bubblewrap, but be cautious because by default most programs in Flathub are not as sandboxed as they should. You can host your own repository but it is heavily centralized towards Flathub, controlled by Red Hat, IBM.\n
      \n
      > Flatpak uses OSTree to distribute and deploy data. The repositories it uses are OSTree repositories and can be manipulated with the ostree utility. Installed runtimes and applications are OSTree checkouts.\n
      \n
      ### **AppImage**\n
      \n
      You’re basically packaging your program and every single dependency up to the C library. Linux only.\n
      \n
      > An AppImage is basically a self-mounting disk image that contains an application and everything the application needs to run on the target systems\n
      \n
      [source](https://github.com/AppImage/AppImageKit/wiki/Similar-projects) (incredibly biased towards AppImage)\n
      \n
      ### **Snap**\n
      \n
      Canonical’s take at flatpaks. They are quite similar, but snaps use AppArmor instead of bubblewrap and the server is proprietary, so an inferior option and should be avoided. The only “advantage” is that it’s used by default in Ubuntu.\n
      \n
      ### **Nix/Guix**\n
      \n
      multi distro package manager with reproducible builds support, more akin to a traditional package manager (eg apt)\n
      \n
      > Snappy and Flatpak talk about how they make library versions work better together and blabla and how they solve a lot of issues but that’s just a praetext, the real elephant in the room is that they are a big wink to proprietary software, they were designed for that, they just can’t say it so they focus on other things in their PR statements.\n
      \n
      > How Nix and Guix work is that they are traditional “package managers” as such the user or the distributor must have access to the source code to compile it into a package, the interesting difference is that it is capable of keeping library versions apart and will automatically share libraries if they are exactly the same. But packaging still occurs downstream, not upstream.\n
      \n
      > Snappy and Flatpak allow packaging to occur completely upstream at the developers side, which means they no longer have to cough up source code to whomever who will package. Which leads to an inferior solution to the user with far higher memory and storage consumption.\n
      \n
      [source](https://www.reddit.com/r/linux/comments/4ohvur/nix_vs_snap_vs_flatpak_what_are_the_differences/)\n
      \n
      ### **Pkgsrc**\n
      \n
      this one is something in between Nix and traditional package managers. It’s main advantage is that it works in other UNIX-like OSs, like FreeBSD, NetBSD, IllumOS as well as in Linux. The only not Linux specific option in this list (other than docker, which is not a package manager but a container)\n
      \n
      ### **Docker**\n
      \n
      I wouldn’t recommend this one, since it requires packaging a whole OS that creates a lot of overhead. And it can be tricky to use with GUI programs.\n
      \n
      Overall, I think that Nix/Guix present the most advantages, with Pkgsrc being a less known close second and Flatpak being in the third position due to it’s relative popularity and overall advantages over snaps and docker. Docker might be decent option if it’s a program designed for servers, tho.\n
      \n
      I’d also recommend that you add your program to the AUR, because even if it only works on Arch and Arch based distros, it’s incredibly easy to do and maintain as long as the building of your program doesn’t change drastically between versions.\n
      \n
      Edit: formatting
      """
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        \n
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        \n
        Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word “Linux” in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU/Linux to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy.\n
        \n
        ### Rules\n
        \n
        - Posts must be relevant to operating systems running the Linux kernel. GNU/Linux or otherwise.\n
        - No misinformation\n
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        - [!technology@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/technology)\n
        - [!libre_hardware@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_hardware)\n
        \n
        Community icon by [Alpár-Etele Méder](https://www.iconfinder.com/pocike), licensed under [CC BY 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
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    +url: null
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      What solutions out there can package software in the *native* package format? I only found [fpm (effing package management)](https://fpm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) and [OBS (Open Build Service)](https://openbuildservice.org/) so far.\n
      \n
      Edit history:\n
      \n
      - 2023-11-02: Change title from “How to package software for many distributions?” to "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"\n
      - 2023-11-02: Highlight the word native.
      """
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    +body: """
      Your options are reduced to the following:\n
      \n
      ### **Flatpak**\n
      \n
      Linux only package manager that works across distros. It supports sandboxing via bubblewrap, but be cautious because by default most programs in Flathub are not as sandboxed as they should. You can host your own repository but it is heavily centralized towards Flathub, controlled by Red Hat, IBM.\n
      \n
      > Flatpak uses OSTree to distribute and deploy data. The repositories it uses are OSTree repositories and can be manipulated with the ostree utility. Installed runtimes and applications are OSTree checkouts.\n
      \n
      ### **AppImage**\n
      \n
      You’re basically packaging your program and every single dependency up to the C library. Linux only.\n
      \n
      > An AppImage is basically a self-mounting disk image that contains an application and everything the application needs to run on the target systems\n
      \n
      [source](https://github.com/AppImage/AppImageKit/wiki/Similar-projects) (incredibly biased towards AppImage)\n
      \n
      ### **Snap**\n
      \n
      Canonical’s take at flatpaks. They are quite similar, but snaps use AppArmor instead of bubblewrap and the server is proprietary, so an inferior option and should be avoided. The only “advantage” is that it’s used by default in Ubuntu.\n
      \n
      ### **Nix/Guix**\n
      \n
      multi distro package manager with reproducible builds support, more akin to a traditional package manager (eg apt)\n
      \n
      > Snappy and Flatpak talk about how they make library versions work better together and blabla and how they solve a lot of issues but that’s just a praetext, the real elephant in the room is that they are a big wink to proprietary software, they were designed for that, they just can’t say it so they focus on other things in their PR statements.\n
      \n
      > How Nix and Guix work is that they are traditional “package managers” as such the user or the distributor must have access to the source code to compile it into a package, the interesting difference is that it is capable of keeping library versions apart and will automatically share libraries if they are exactly the same. But packaging still occurs downstream, not upstream.\n
      \n
      > Snappy and Flatpak allow packaging to occur completely upstream at the developers side, which means they no longer have to cough up source code to whomever who will package. Which leads to an inferior solution to the user with far higher memory and storage consumption.\n
      \n
      [source](https://www.reddit.com/r/linux/comments/4ohvur/nix_vs_snap_vs_flatpak_what_are_the_differences/)\n
      \n
      ### **Pkgsrc**\n
      \n
      this one is something in between Nix and traditional package managers. It’s main advantage is that it works in other UNIX-like OSs, like FreeBSD, NetBSD, IllumOS as well as in Linux. The only not Linux specific option in this list (other than docker, which is not a package manager but a container)\n
      \n
      ### **Docker**\n
      \n
      I wouldn’t recommend this one, since it requires packaging a whole OS that creates a lot of overhead. And it can be tricky to use with GUI programs.\n
      \n
      Overall, I think that Nix/Guix present the most advantages, with Pkgsrc being a less known close second and Flatpak being in the third position due to it’s relative popularity and overall advantages over snaps and docker. Docker might be decent option if it’s a program designed for servers, tho.\n
      \n
      I’d also recommend that you add your program to the AUR, because even if it only works on Arch and Arch based distros, it’s incredibly easy to do and maintain as long as the building of your program doesn’t change drastically between versions.\n
      \n
      Edit: formatting
      """
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"App\Security\Voter\UserVoter"
null
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        From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia\n
        \n
        Linux is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991 by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged in a Linux distribution (or distro for short).\n
        \n
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        \n
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        - Posts must be relevant to operating systems running the Linux kernel. GNU/Linux or otherwise.\n
        - No misinformation\n
        - No NSFW content\n
        - No hate speech, bigotry, etc\n
        \n
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        \n
        - [!opensource@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/opensource)\n
        - [!libre_culture@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_culture)\n
        - [!technology@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/technology)\n
        - [!libre_hardware@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_hardware)\n
        \n
        Community icon by [Alpár-Etele Méder](https://www.iconfinder.com/pocike), licensed under [CC BY 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
        """
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    +slug: "How-to-package-software-for-many-distributions-in-their-native"
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      What solutions out there can package software in the *native* package format? I only found [fpm (effing package management)](https://fpm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) and [OBS (Open Build Service)](https://openbuildservice.org/) so far.\n
      \n
      Edit history:\n
      \n
      - 2023-11-02: Change title from “How to package software for many distributions?” to "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"\n
      - 2023-11-02: Highlight the word native.
      """
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      +body: """
        Your options are reduced to the following:\n
        \n
        ### **Flatpak**\n
        \n
        Linux only package manager that works across distros. It supports sandboxing via bubblewrap, but be cautious because by default most programs in Flathub are not as sandboxed as they should. You can host your own repository but it is heavily centralized towards Flathub, controlled by Red Hat, IBM.\n
        \n
        > Flatpak uses OSTree to distribute and deploy data. The repositories it uses are OSTree repositories and can be manipulated with the ostree utility. Installed runtimes and applications are OSTree checkouts.\n
        \n
        ### **AppImage**\n
        \n
        You’re basically packaging your program and every single dependency up to the C library. Linux only.\n
        \n
        > An AppImage is basically a self-mounting disk image that contains an application and everything the application needs to run on the target systems\n
        \n
        [source](https://github.com/AppImage/AppImageKit/wiki/Similar-projects) (incredibly biased towards AppImage)\n
        \n
        ### **Snap**\n
        \n
        Canonical’s take at flatpaks. They are quite similar, but snaps use AppArmor instead of bubblewrap and the server is proprietary, so an inferior option and should be avoided. The only “advantage” is that it’s used by default in Ubuntu.\n
        \n
        ### **Nix/Guix**\n
        \n
        multi distro package manager with reproducible builds support, more akin to a traditional package manager (eg apt)\n
        \n
        > Snappy and Flatpak talk about how they make library versions work better together and blabla and how they solve a lot of issues but that’s just a praetext, the real elephant in the room is that they are a big wink to proprietary software, they were designed for that, they just can’t say it so they focus on other things in their PR statements.\n
        \n
        > How Nix and Guix work is that they are traditional “package managers” as such the user or the distributor must have access to the source code to compile it into a package, the interesting difference is that it is capable of keeping library versions apart and will automatically share libraries if they are exactly the same. But packaging still occurs downstream, not upstream.\n
        \n
        > Snappy and Flatpak allow packaging to occur completely upstream at the developers side, which means they no longer have to cough up source code to whomever who will package. Which leads to an inferior solution to the user with far higher memory and storage consumption.\n
        \n
        [source](https://www.reddit.com/r/linux/comments/4ohvur/nix_vs_snap_vs_flatpak_what_are_the_differences/)\n
        \n
        ### **Pkgsrc**\n
        \n
        this one is something in between Nix and traditional package managers. It’s main advantage is that it works in other UNIX-like OSs, like FreeBSD, NetBSD, IllumOS as well as in Linux. The only not Linux specific option in this list (other than docker, which is not a package manager but a container)\n
        \n
        ### **Docker**\n
        \n
        I wouldn’t recommend this one, since it requires packaging a whole OS that creates a lot of overhead. And it can be tricky to use with GUI programs.\n
        \n
        Overall, I think that Nix/Guix present the most advantages, with Pkgsrc being a less known close second and Flatpak being in the third position due to it’s relative popularity and overall advantages over snaps and docker. Docker might be decent option if it’s a program designed for servers, tho.\n
        \n
        I’d also recommend that you add your program to the AUR, because even if it only works on Arch and Arch based distros, it’s incredibly easy to do and maintain as long as the building of your program doesn’t change drastically between versions.\n
        \n
        Edit: formatting
        """
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  +body: "Nix is the native NixOS format!"
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        From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia\n
        \n
        Linux is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991 by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged in a Linux distribution (or distro for short).\n
        \n
        Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word “Linux” in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU/Linux to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy.\n
        \n
        ### Rules\n
        \n
        - Posts must be relevant to operating systems running the Linux kernel. GNU/Linux or otherwise.\n
        - No misinformation\n
        - No NSFW content\n
        - No hate speech, bigotry, etc\n
        \n
        ### Related Communities\n
        \n
        - [!opensource@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/opensource)\n
        - [!libre_culture@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_culture)\n
        - [!technology@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/technology)\n
        - [!libre_hardware@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_hardware)\n
        \n
        Community icon by [Alpár-Etele Méder](https://www.iconfinder.com/pocike), licensed under [CC BY 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
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    +title: "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"
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      What solutions out there can package software in the *native* package format? I only found [fpm (effing package management)](https://fpm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) and [OBS (Open Build Service)](https://openbuildservice.org/) so far.\n
      \n
      Edit history:\n
      \n
      - 2023-11-02: Change title from “How to package software for many distributions?” to "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"\n
      - 2023-11-02: Highlight the word native.
      """
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      +image: null
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      +body: """
        Your options are reduced to the following:\n
        \n
        ### **Flatpak**\n
        \n
        Linux only package manager that works across distros. It supports sandboxing via bubblewrap, but be cautious because by default most programs in Flathub are not as sandboxed as they should. You can host your own repository but it is heavily centralized towards Flathub, controlled by Red Hat, IBM.\n
        \n
        > Flatpak uses OSTree to distribute and deploy data. The repositories it uses are OSTree repositories and can be manipulated with the ostree utility. Installed runtimes and applications are OSTree checkouts.\n
        \n
        ### **AppImage**\n
        \n
        You’re basically packaging your program and every single dependency up to the C library. Linux only.\n
        \n
        > An AppImage is basically a self-mounting disk image that contains an application and everything the application needs to run on the target systems\n
        \n
        [source](https://github.com/AppImage/AppImageKit/wiki/Similar-projects) (incredibly biased towards AppImage)\n
        \n
        ### **Snap**\n
        \n
        Canonical’s take at flatpaks. They are quite similar, but snaps use AppArmor instead of bubblewrap and the server is proprietary, so an inferior option and should be avoided. The only “advantage” is that it’s used by default in Ubuntu.\n
        \n
        ### **Nix/Guix**\n
        \n
        multi distro package manager with reproducible builds support, more akin to a traditional package manager (eg apt)\n
        \n
        > Snappy and Flatpak talk about how they make library versions work better together and blabla and how they solve a lot of issues but that’s just a praetext, the real elephant in the room is that they are a big wink to proprietary software, they were designed for that, they just can’t say it so they focus on other things in their PR statements.\n
        \n
        > How Nix and Guix work is that they are traditional “package managers” as such the user or the distributor must have access to the source code to compile it into a package, the interesting difference is that it is capable of keeping library versions apart and will automatically share libraries if they are exactly the same. But packaging still occurs downstream, not upstream.\n
        \n
        > Snappy and Flatpak allow packaging to occur completely upstream at the developers side, which means they no longer have to cough up source code to whomever who will package. Which leads to an inferior solution to the user with far higher memory and storage consumption.\n
        \n
        [source](https://www.reddit.com/r/linux/comments/4ohvur/nix_vs_snap_vs_flatpak_what_are_the_differences/)\n
        \n
        ### **Pkgsrc**\n
        \n
        this one is something in between Nix and traditional package managers. It’s main advantage is that it works in other UNIX-like OSs, like FreeBSD, NetBSD, IllumOS as well as in Linux. The only not Linux specific option in this list (other than docker, which is not a package manager but a container)\n
        \n
        ### **Docker**\n
        \n
        I wouldn’t recommend this one, since it requires packaging a whole OS that creates a lot of overhead. And it can be tricky to use with GUI programs.\n
        \n
        Overall, I think that Nix/Guix present the most advantages, with Pkgsrc being a less known close second and Flatpak being in the third position due to it’s relative popularity and overall advantages over snaps and docker. Docker might be decent option if it’s a program designed for servers, tho.\n
        \n
        I’d also recommend that you add your program to the AUR, because even if it only works on Arch and Arch based distros, it’s incredibly easy to do and maintain as long as the building of your program doesn’t change drastically between versions.\n
        \n
        Edit: formatting
        """
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        From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia\n
        \n
        Linux is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991 by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged in a Linux distribution (or distro for short).\n
        \n
        Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word “Linux” in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU/Linux to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy.\n
        \n
        ### Rules\n
        \n
        - Posts must be relevant to operating systems running the Linux kernel. GNU/Linux or otherwise.\n
        - No misinformation\n
        - No NSFW content\n
        - No hate speech, bigotry, etc\n
        \n
        ### Related Communities\n
        \n
        - [!opensource@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/opensource)\n
        - [!libre_culture@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_culture)\n
        - [!technology@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/technology)\n
        - [!libre_hardware@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_hardware)\n
        \n
        Community icon by [Alpár-Etele Méder](https://www.iconfinder.com/pocike), licensed under [CC BY 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
        """
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      What solutions out there can package software in the *native* package format? I only found [fpm (effing package management)](https://fpm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) and [OBS (Open Build Service)](https://openbuildservice.org/) so far.\n
      \n
      Edit history:\n
      \n
      - 2023-11-02: Change title from “How to package software for many distributions?” to "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"\n
      - 2023-11-02: Highlight the word native.
      """
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      +body: """
        Your options are reduced to the following:\n
        \n
        ### **Flatpak**\n
        \n
        Linux only package manager that works across distros. It supports sandboxing via bubblewrap, but be cautious because by default most programs in Flathub are not as sandboxed as they should. You can host your own repository but it is heavily centralized towards Flathub, controlled by Red Hat, IBM.\n
        \n
        > Flatpak uses OSTree to distribute and deploy data. The repositories it uses are OSTree repositories and can be manipulated with the ostree utility. Installed runtimes and applications are OSTree checkouts.\n
        \n
        ### **AppImage**\n
        \n
        You’re basically packaging your program and every single dependency up to the C library. Linux only.\n
        \n
        > An AppImage is basically a self-mounting disk image that contains an application and everything the application needs to run on the target systems\n
        \n
        [source](https://github.com/AppImage/AppImageKit/wiki/Similar-projects) (incredibly biased towards AppImage)\n
        \n
        ### **Snap**\n
        \n
        Canonical’s take at flatpaks. They are quite similar, but snaps use AppArmor instead of bubblewrap and the server is proprietary, so an inferior option and should be avoided. The only “advantage” is that it’s used by default in Ubuntu.\n
        \n
        ### **Nix/Guix**\n
        \n
        multi distro package manager with reproducible builds support, more akin to a traditional package manager (eg apt)\n
        \n
        > Snappy and Flatpak talk about how they make library versions work better together and blabla and how they solve a lot of issues but that’s just a praetext, the real elephant in the room is that they are a big wink to proprietary software, they were designed for that, they just can’t say it so they focus on other things in their PR statements.\n
        \n
        > How Nix and Guix work is that they are traditional “package managers” as such the user or the distributor must have access to the source code to compile it into a package, the interesting difference is that it is capable of keeping library versions apart and will automatically share libraries if they are exactly the same. But packaging still occurs downstream, not upstream.\n
        \n
        > Snappy and Flatpak allow packaging to occur completely upstream at the developers side, which means they no longer have to cough up source code to whomever who will package. Which leads to an inferior solution to the user with far higher memory and storage consumption.\n
        \n
        [source](https://www.reddit.com/r/linux/comments/4ohvur/nix_vs_snap_vs_flatpak_what_are_the_differences/)\n
        \n
        ### **Pkgsrc**\n
        \n
        this one is something in between Nix and traditional package managers. It’s main advantage is that it works in other UNIX-like OSs, like FreeBSD, NetBSD, IllumOS as well as in Linux. The only not Linux specific option in this list (other than docker, which is not a package manager but a container)\n
        \n
        ### **Docker**\n
        \n
        I wouldn’t recommend this one, since it requires packaging a whole OS that creates a lot of overhead. And it can be tricky to use with GUI programs.\n
        \n
        Overall, I think that Nix/Guix present the most advantages, with Pkgsrc being a less known close second and Flatpak being in the third position due to it’s relative popularity and overall advantages over snaps and docker. Docker might be decent option if it’s a program designed for servers, tho.\n
        \n
        I’d also recommend that you add your program to the AUR, because even if it only works on Arch and Arch based distros, it’s incredibly easy to do and maintain as long as the building of your program doesn’t change drastically between versions.\n
        \n
        Edit: formatting
        """
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        From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia\n
        \n
        Linux is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991 by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged in a Linux distribution (or distro for short).\n
        \n
        Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word “Linux” in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU/Linux to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy.\n
        \n
        ### Rules\n
        \n
        - Posts must be relevant to operating systems running the Linux kernel. GNU/Linux or otherwise.\n
        - No misinformation\n
        - No NSFW content\n
        - No hate speech, bigotry, etc\n
        \n
        ### Related Communities\n
        \n
        - [!opensource@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/opensource)\n
        - [!libre_culture@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_culture)\n
        - [!technology@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/technology)\n
        - [!libre_hardware@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_hardware)\n
        \n
        Community icon by [Alpár-Etele Méder](https://www.iconfinder.com/pocike), licensed under [CC BY 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
        """
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      What solutions out there can package software in the *native* package format? I only found [fpm (effing package management)](https://fpm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) and [OBS (Open Build Service)](https://openbuildservice.org/) so far.\n
      \n
      Edit history:\n
      \n
      - 2023-11-02: Change title from “How to package software for many distributions?” to "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"\n
      - 2023-11-02: Highlight the word native.
      """
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      +body: """
        Your options are reduced to the following:\n
        \n
        ### **Flatpak**\n
        \n
        Linux only package manager that works across distros. It supports sandboxing via bubblewrap, but be cautious because by default most programs in Flathub are not as sandboxed as they should. You can host your own repository but it is heavily centralized towards Flathub, controlled by Red Hat, IBM.\n
        \n
        > Flatpak uses OSTree to distribute and deploy data. The repositories it uses are OSTree repositories and can be manipulated with the ostree utility. Installed runtimes and applications are OSTree checkouts.\n
        \n
        ### **AppImage**\n
        \n
        You’re basically packaging your program and every single dependency up to the C library. Linux only.\n
        \n
        > An AppImage is basically a self-mounting disk image that contains an application and everything the application needs to run on the target systems\n
        \n
        [source](https://github.com/AppImage/AppImageKit/wiki/Similar-projects) (incredibly biased towards AppImage)\n
        \n
        ### **Snap**\n
        \n
        Canonical’s take at flatpaks. They are quite similar, but snaps use AppArmor instead of bubblewrap and the server is proprietary, so an inferior option and should be avoided. The only “advantage” is that it’s used by default in Ubuntu.\n
        \n
        ### **Nix/Guix**\n
        \n
        multi distro package manager with reproducible builds support, more akin to a traditional package manager (eg apt)\n
        \n
        > Snappy and Flatpak talk about how they make library versions work better together and blabla and how they solve a lot of issues but that’s just a praetext, the real elephant in the room is that they are a big wink to proprietary software, they were designed for that, they just can’t say it so they focus on other things in their PR statements.\n
        \n
        > How Nix and Guix work is that they are traditional “package managers” as such the user or the distributor must have access to the source code to compile it into a package, the interesting difference is that it is capable of keeping library versions apart and will automatically share libraries if they are exactly the same. But packaging still occurs downstream, not upstream.\n
        \n
        > Snappy and Flatpak allow packaging to occur completely upstream at the developers side, which means they no longer have to cough up source code to whomever who will package. Which leads to an inferior solution to the user with far higher memory and storage consumption.\n
        \n
        [source](https://www.reddit.com/r/linux/comments/4ohvur/nix_vs_snap_vs_flatpak_what_are_the_differences/)\n
        \n
        ### **Pkgsrc**\n
        \n
        this one is something in between Nix and traditional package managers. It’s main advantage is that it works in other UNIX-like OSs, like FreeBSD, NetBSD, IllumOS as well as in Linux. The only not Linux specific option in this list (other than docker, which is not a package manager but a container)\n
        \n
        ### **Docker**\n
        \n
        I wouldn’t recommend this one, since it requires packaging a whole OS that creates a lot of overhead. And it can be tricky to use with GUI programs.\n
        \n
        Overall, I think that Nix/Guix present the most advantages, with Pkgsrc being a less known close second and Flatpak being in the third position due to it’s relative popularity and overall advantages over snaps and docker. Docker might be decent option if it’s a program designed for servers, tho.\n
        \n
        I’d also recommend that you add your program to the AUR, because even if it only works on Arch and Arch based distros, it’s incredibly easy to do and maintain as long as the building of your program doesn’t change drastically between versions.\n
        \n
        Edit: formatting
        """
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    +body: "I appreciate universal package formats, but I’m looking for solutions that generate *native* packages."
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  +body: """
    I believe Pkgsrc compiles the program at install, so it’s native. But it’s been a long time since I used it, you might need to look into it.\n
    \n
    And you’ll have a hard time finding a “native” package format, because distros have different libraries versions: arch libraries will be much more updated than Debian’s, so things might break trying to execute programs depending on those libraries. That’s why Flatpak, AppImages, Nix, etc bring their own libraries, because if they don’t, things will break.\n
    \n
    They are native in the sense that they are Linux executables, but it’s true that they bring their own dependencies, but as I said, that’s necessary for cross distro support.
    """
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"App\Security\Voter\UserVoter"
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        From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia\n
        \n
        Linux is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991 by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged in a Linux distribution (or distro for short).\n
        \n
        Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word “Linux” in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU/Linux to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy.\n
        \n
        ### Rules\n
        \n
        - Posts must be relevant to operating systems running the Linux kernel. GNU/Linux or otherwise.\n
        - No misinformation\n
        - No NSFW content\n
        - No hate speech, bigotry, etc\n
        \n
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        \n
        - [!opensource@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/opensource)\n
        - [!libre_culture@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_culture)\n
        - [!technology@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/technology)\n
        - [!libre_hardware@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_hardware)\n
        \n
        Community icon by [Alpár-Etele Méder](https://www.iconfinder.com/pocike), licensed under [CC BY 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
        """
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    +slug: "How-to-package-software-for-many-distributions-in-their-native"
    +title: "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"
    +url: null
    +body: """
      What solutions out there can package software in the *native* package format? I only found [fpm (effing package management)](https://fpm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) and [OBS (Open Build Service)](https://openbuildservice.org/) so far.\n
      \n
      Edit history:\n
      \n
      - 2023-11-02: Change title from “How to package software for many distributions?” to "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"\n
      - 2023-11-02: Highlight the word native.
      """
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      +body: """
        Your options are reduced to the following:\n
        \n
        ### **Flatpak**\n
        \n
        Linux only package manager that works across distros. It supports sandboxing via bubblewrap, but be cautious because by default most programs in Flathub are not as sandboxed as they should. You can host your own repository but it is heavily centralized towards Flathub, controlled by Red Hat, IBM.\n
        \n
        > Flatpak uses OSTree to distribute and deploy data. The repositories it uses are OSTree repositories and can be manipulated with the ostree utility. Installed runtimes and applications are OSTree checkouts.\n
        \n
        ### **AppImage**\n
        \n
        You’re basically packaging your program and every single dependency up to the C library. Linux only.\n
        \n
        > An AppImage is basically a self-mounting disk image that contains an application and everything the application needs to run on the target systems\n
        \n
        [source](https://github.com/AppImage/AppImageKit/wiki/Similar-projects) (incredibly biased towards AppImage)\n
        \n
        ### **Snap**\n
        \n
        Canonical’s take at flatpaks. They are quite similar, but snaps use AppArmor instead of bubblewrap and the server is proprietary, so an inferior option and should be avoided. The only “advantage” is that it’s used by default in Ubuntu.\n
        \n
        ### **Nix/Guix**\n
        \n
        multi distro package manager with reproducible builds support, more akin to a traditional package manager (eg apt)\n
        \n
        > Snappy and Flatpak talk about how they make library versions work better together and blabla and how they solve a lot of issues but that’s just a praetext, the real elephant in the room is that they are a big wink to proprietary software, they were designed for that, they just can’t say it so they focus on other things in their PR statements.\n
        \n
        > How Nix and Guix work is that they are traditional “package managers” as such the user or the distributor must have access to the source code to compile it into a package, the interesting difference is that it is capable of keeping library versions apart and will automatically share libraries if they are exactly the same. But packaging still occurs downstream, not upstream.\n
        \n
        > Snappy and Flatpak allow packaging to occur completely upstream at the developers side, which means they no longer have to cough up source code to whomever who will package. Which leads to an inferior solution to the user with far higher memory and storage consumption.\n
        \n
        [source](https://www.reddit.com/r/linux/comments/4ohvur/nix_vs_snap_vs_flatpak_what_are_the_differences/)\n
        \n
        ### **Pkgsrc**\n
        \n
        this one is something in between Nix and traditional package managers. It’s main advantage is that it works in other UNIX-like OSs, like FreeBSD, NetBSD, IllumOS as well as in Linux. The only not Linux specific option in this list (other than docker, which is not a package manager but a container)\n
        \n
        ### **Docker**\n
        \n
        I wouldn’t recommend this one, since it requires packaging a whole OS that creates a lot of overhead. And it can be tricky to use with GUI programs.\n
        \n
        Overall, I think that Nix/Guix present the most advantages, with Pkgsrc being a less known close second and Flatpak being in the third position due to it’s relative popularity and overall advantages over snaps and docker. Docker might be decent option if it’s a program designed for servers, tho.\n
        \n
        I’d also recommend that you add your program to the AUR, because even if it only works on Arch and Arch based distros, it’s incredibly easy to do and maintain as long as the building of your program doesn’t change drastically between versions.\n
        \n
        Edit: formatting
        """
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    +body: "I appreciate universal package formats, but I’m looking for solutions that generate *native* packages."
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  +body: """
    I believe Pkgsrc compiles the program at install, so it’s native. But it’s been a long time since I used it, you might need to look into it.\n
    \n
    And you’ll have a hard time finding a “native” package format, because distros have different libraries versions: arch libraries will be much more updated than Debian’s, so things might break trying to execute programs depending on those libraries. That’s why Flatpak, AppImages, Nix, etc bring their own libraries, because if they don’t, things will break.\n
    \n
    They are native in the sense that they are Linux executables, but it’s true that they bring their own dependencies, but as I said, that’s necessary for cross distro support.
    """
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        From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia\n
        \n
        Linux is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991 by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged in a Linux distribution (or distro for short).\n
        \n
        Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word “Linux” in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU/Linux to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy.\n
        \n
        ### Rules\n
        \n
        - Posts must be relevant to operating systems running the Linux kernel. GNU/Linux or otherwise.\n
        - No misinformation\n
        - No NSFW content\n
        - No hate speech, bigotry, etc\n
        \n
        ### Related Communities\n
        \n
        - [!opensource@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/opensource)\n
        - [!libre_culture@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_culture)\n
        - [!technology@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/technology)\n
        - [!libre_hardware@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_hardware)\n
        \n
        Community icon by [Alpár-Etele Méder](https://www.iconfinder.com/pocike), licensed under [CC BY 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
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    +title: "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"
    +url: null
    +body: """
      What solutions out there can package software in the *native* package format? I only found [fpm (effing package management)](https://fpm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) and [OBS (Open Build Service)](https://openbuildservice.org/) so far.\n
      \n
      Edit history:\n
      \n
      - 2023-11-02: Change title from “How to package software for many distributions?” to "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"\n
      - 2023-11-02: Highlight the word native.
      """
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      +body: """
        Your options are reduced to the following:\n
        \n
        ### **Flatpak**\n
        \n
        Linux only package manager that works across distros. It supports sandboxing via bubblewrap, but be cautious because by default most programs in Flathub are not as sandboxed as they should. You can host your own repository but it is heavily centralized towards Flathub, controlled by Red Hat, IBM.\n
        \n
        > Flatpak uses OSTree to distribute and deploy data. The repositories it uses are OSTree repositories and can be manipulated with the ostree utility. Installed runtimes and applications are OSTree checkouts.\n
        \n
        ### **AppImage**\n
        \n
        You’re basically packaging your program and every single dependency up to the C library. Linux only.\n
        \n
        > An AppImage is basically a self-mounting disk image that contains an application and everything the application needs to run on the target systems\n
        \n
        [source](https://github.com/AppImage/AppImageKit/wiki/Similar-projects) (incredibly biased towards AppImage)\n
        \n
        ### **Snap**\n
        \n
        Canonical’s take at flatpaks. They are quite similar, but snaps use AppArmor instead of bubblewrap and the server is proprietary, so an inferior option and should be avoided. The only “advantage” is that it’s used by default in Ubuntu.\n
        \n
        ### **Nix/Guix**\n
        \n
        multi distro package manager with reproducible builds support, more akin to a traditional package manager (eg apt)\n
        \n
        > Snappy and Flatpak talk about how they make library versions work better together and blabla and how they solve a lot of issues but that’s just a praetext, the real elephant in the room is that they are a big wink to proprietary software, they were designed for that, they just can’t say it so they focus on other things in their PR statements.\n
        \n
        > How Nix and Guix work is that they are traditional “package managers” as such the user or the distributor must have access to the source code to compile it into a package, the interesting difference is that it is capable of keeping library versions apart and will automatically share libraries if they are exactly the same. But packaging still occurs downstream, not upstream.\n
        \n
        > Snappy and Flatpak allow packaging to occur completely upstream at the developers side, which means they no longer have to cough up source code to whomever who will package. Which leads to an inferior solution to the user with far higher memory and storage consumption.\n
        \n
        [source](https://www.reddit.com/r/linux/comments/4ohvur/nix_vs_snap_vs_flatpak_what_are_the_differences/)\n
        \n
        ### **Pkgsrc**\n
        \n
        this one is something in between Nix and traditional package managers. It’s main advantage is that it works in other UNIX-like OSs, like FreeBSD, NetBSD, IllumOS as well as in Linux. The only not Linux specific option in this list (other than docker, which is not a package manager but a container)\n
        \n
        ### **Docker**\n
        \n
        I wouldn’t recommend this one, since it requires packaging a whole OS that creates a lot of overhead. And it can be tricky to use with GUI programs.\n
        \n
        Overall, I think that Nix/Guix present the most advantages, with Pkgsrc being a less known close second and Flatpak being in the third position due to it’s relative popularity and overall advantages over snaps and docker. Docker might be decent option if it’s a program designed for servers, tho.\n
        \n
        I’d also recommend that you add your program to the AUR, because even if it only works on Arch and Arch based distros, it’s incredibly easy to do and maintain as long as the building of your program doesn’t change drastically between versions.\n
        \n
        Edit: formatting
        """
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    +body: "I appreciate universal package formats, but I’m looking for solutions that generate *native* packages."
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  +body: """
    I believe Pkgsrc compiles the program at install, so it’s native. But it’s been a long time since I used it, you might need to look into it.\n
    \n
    And you’ll have a hard time finding a “native” package format, because distros have different libraries versions: arch libraries will be much more updated than Debian’s, so things might break trying to execute programs depending on those libraries. That’s why Flatpak, AppImages, Nix, etc bring their own libraries, because if they don’t, things will break.\n
    \n
    They are native in the sense that they are Linux executables, but it’s true that they bring their own dependencies, but as I said, that’s necessary for cross distro support.
    """
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        From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia\n
        \n
        Linux is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991 by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged in a Linux distribution (or distro for short).\n
        \n
        Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word “Linux” in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU/Linux to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy.\n
        \n
        ### Rules\n
        \n
        - Posts must be relevant to operating systems running the Linux kernel. GNU/Linux or otherwise.\n
        - No misinformation\n
        - No NSFW content\n
        - No hate speech, bigotry, etc\n
        \n
        ### Related Communities\n
        \n
        - [!opensource@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/opensource)\n
        - [!libre_culture@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_culture)\n
        - [!technology@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/technology)\n
        - [!libre_hardware@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_hardware)\n
        \n
        Community icon by [Alpár-Etele Méder](https://www.iconfinder.com/pocike), licensed under [CC BY 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
        """
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    +slug: "How-to-package-software-for-many-distributions-in-their-native"
    +title: "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"
    +url: null
    +body: """
      What solutions out there can package software in the *native* package format? I only found [fpm (effing package management)](https://fpm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) and [OBS (Open Build Service)](https://openbuildservice.org/) so far.\n
      \n
      Edit history:\n
      \n
      - 2023-11-02: Change title from “How to package software for many distributions?” to "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"\n
      - 2023-11-02: Highlight the word native.
      """
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    +body: """
      Your options are reduced to the following:\n
      \n
      ### **Flatpak**\n
      \n
      Linux only package manager that works across distros. It supports sandboxing via bubblewrap, but be cautious because by default most programs in Flathub are not as sandboxed as they should. You can host your own repository but it is heavily centralized towards Flathub, controlled by Red Hat, IBM.\n
      \n
      > Flatpak uses OSTree to distribute and deploy data. The repositories it uses are OSTree repositories and can be manipulated with the ostree utility. Installed runtimes and applications are OSTree checkouts.\n
      \n
      ### **AppImage**\n
      \n
      You’re basically packaging your program and every single dependency up to the C library. Linux only.\n
      \n
      > An AppImage is basically a self-mounting disk image that contains an application and everything the application needs to run on the target systems\n
      \n
      [source](https://github.com/AppImage/AppImageKit/wiki/Similar-projects) (incredibly biased towards AppImage)\n
      \n
      ### **Snap**\n
      \n
      Canonical’s take at flatpaks. They are quite similar, but snaps use AppArmor instead of bubblewrap and the server is proprietary, so an inferior option and should be avoided. The only “advantage” is that it’s used by default in Ubuntu.\n
      \n
      ### **Nix/Guix**\n
      \n
      multi distro package manager with reproducible builds support, more akin to a traditional package manager (eg apt)\n
      \n
      > Snappy and Flatpak talk about how they make library versions work better together and blabla and how they solve a lot of issues but that’s just a praetext, the real elephant in the room is that they are a big wink to proprietary software, they were designed for that, they just can’t say it so they focus on other things in their PR statements.\n
      \n
      > How Nix and Guix work is that they are traditional “package managers” as such the user or the distributor must have access to the source code to compile it into a package, the interesting difference is that it is capable of keeping library versions apart and will automatically share libraries if they are exactly the same. But packaging still occurs downstream, not upstream.\n
      \n
      > Snappy and Flatpak allow packaging to occur completely upstream at the developers side, which means they no longer have to cough up source code to whomever who will package. Which leads to an inferior solution to the user with far higher memory and storage consumption.\n
      \n
      [source](https://www.reddit.com/r/linux/comments/4ohvur/nix_vs_snap_vs_flatpak_what_are_the_differences/)\n
      \n
      ### **Pkgsrc**\n
      \n
      this one is something in between Nix and traditional package managers. It’s main advantage is that it works in other UNIX-like OSs, like FreeBSD, NetBSD, IllumOS as well as in Linux. The only not Linux specific option in this list (other than docker, which is not a package manager but a container)\n
      \n
      ### **Docker**\n
      \n
      I wouldn’t recommend this one, since it requires packaging a whole OS that creates a lot of overhead. And it can be tricky to use with GUI programs.\n
      \n
      Overall, I think that Nix/Guix present the most advantages, with Pkgsrc being a less known close second and Flatpak being in the third position due to it’s relative popularity and overall advantages over snaps and docker. Docker might be decent option if it’s a program designed for servers, tho.\n
      \n
      I’d also recommend that you add your program to the AUR, because even if it only works on Arch and Arch based distros, it’s incredibly easy to do and maintain as long as the building of your program doesn’t change drastically between versions.\n
      \n
      Edit: formatting
      """
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  +body: "Flatpak for sure because AppImages are slow to launch and Snap is Canonical garbage with tons of overhead."
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        \n
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        \n
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        \n
        ### Rules\n
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        - Posts must be relevant to operating systems running the Linux kernel. GNU/Linux or otherwise.\n
        - No misinformation\n
        - No NSFW content\n
        - No hate speech, bigotry, etc\n
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        \n
        - [!opensource@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/opensource)\n
        - [!libre_culture@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_culture)\n
        - [!technology@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/technology)\n
        - [!libre_hardware@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_hardware)\n
        \n
        Community icon by [Alpár-Etele Méder](https://www.iconfinder.com/pocike), licensed under [CC BY 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
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      What solutions out there can package software in the *native* package format? I only found [fpm (effing package management)](https://fpm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) and [OBS (Open Build Service)](https://openbuildservice.org/) so far.\n
      \n
      Edit history:\n
      \n
      - 2023-11-02: Change title from “How to package software for many distributions?” to "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"\n
      - 2023-11-02: Highlight the word native.
      """
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    +magazine: App\Entity\Magazine {#265}
    +image: null
    +parent: null
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    +body: """
      Your options are reduced to the following:\n
      \n
      ### **Flatpak**\n
      \n
      Linux only package manager that works across distros. It supports sandboxing via bubblewrap, but be cautious because by default most programs in Flathub are not as sandboxed as they should. You can host your own repository but it is heavily centralized towards Flathub, controlled by Red Hat, IBM.\n
      \n
      > Flatpak uses OSTree to distribute and deploy data. The repositories it uses are OSTree repositories and can be manipulated with the ostree utility. Installed runtimes and applications are OSTree checkouts.\n
      \n
      ### **AppImage**\n
      \n
      You’re basically packaging your program and every single dependency up to the C library. Linux only.\n
      \n
      > An AppImage is basically a self-mounting disk image that contains an application and everything the application needs to run on the target systems\n
      \n
      [source](https://github.com/AppImage/AppImageKit/wiki/Similar-projects) (incredibly biased towards AppImage)\n
      \n
      ### **Snap**\n
      \n
      Canonical’s take at flatpaks. They are quite similar, but snaps use AppArmor instead of bubblewrap and the server is proprietary, so an inferior option and should be avoided. The only “advantage” is that it’s used by default in Ubuntu.\n
      \n
      ### **Nix/Guix**\n
      \n
      multi distro package manager with reproducible builds support, more akin to a traditional package manager (eg apt)\n
      \n
      > Snappy and Flatpak talk about how they make library versions work better together and blabla and how they solve a lot of issues but that’s just a praetext, the real elephant in the room is that they are a big wink to proprietary software, they were designed for that, they just can’t say it so they focus on other things in their PR statements.\n
      \n
      > How Nix and Guix work is that they are traditional “package managers” as such the user or the distributor must have access to the source code to compile it into a package, the interesting difference is that it is capable of keeping library versions apart and will automatically share libraries if they are exactly the same. But packaging still occurs downstream, not upstream.\n
      \n
      > Snappy and Flatpak allow packaging to occur completely upstream at the developers side, which means they no longer have to cough up source code to whomever who will package. Which leads to an inferior solution to the user with far higher memory and storage consumption.\n
      \n
      [source](https://www.reddit.com/r/linux/comments/4ohvur/nix_vs_snap_vs_flatpak_what_are_the_differences/)\n
      \n
      ### **Pkgsrc**\n
      \n
      this one is something in between Nix and traditional package managers. It’s main advantage is that it works in other UNIX-like OSs, like FreeBSD, NetBSD, IllumOS as well as in Linux. The only not Linux specific option in this list (other than docker, which is not a package manager but a container)\n
      \n
      ### **Docker**\n
      \n
      I wouldn’t recommend this one, since it requires packaging a whole OS that creates a lot of overhead. And it can be tricky to use with GUI programs.\n
      \n
      Overall, I think that Nix/Guix present the most advantages, with Pkgsrc being a less known close second and Flatpak being in the third position due to it’s relative popularity and overall advantages over snaps and docker. Docker might be decent option if it’s a program designed for servers, tho.\n
      \n
      I’d also recommend that you add your program to the AUR, because even if it only works on Arch and Arch based distros, it’s incredibly easy to do and maintain as long as the building of your program doesn’t change drastically between versions.\n
      \n
      Edit: formatting
      """
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  +body: "Flatpak for sure because AppImages are slow to launch and Snap is Canonical garbage with tons of overhead."
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        From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia\n
        \n
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        \n
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        \n
        ### Rules\n
        \n
        - Posts must be relevant to operating systems running the Linux kernel. GNU/Linux or otherwise.\n
        - No misinformation\n
        - No NSFW content\n
        - No hate speech, bigotry, etc\n
        \n
        ### Related Communities\n
        \n
        - [!opensource@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/opensource)\n
        - [!libre_culture@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_culture)\n
        - [!technology@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/technology)\n
        - [!libre_hardware@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_hardware)\n
        \n
        Community icon by [Alpár-Etele Méder](https://www.iconfinder.com/pocike), licensed under [CC BY 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
        """
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    +title: "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"
    +url: null
    +body: """
      What solutions out there can package software in the *native* package format? I only found [fpm (effing package management)](https://fpm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) and [OBS (Open Build Service)](https://openbuildservice.org/) so far.\n
      \n
      Edit history:\n
      \n
      - 2023-11-02: Change title from “How to package software for many distributions?” to "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"\n
      - 2023-11-02: Highlight the word native.
      """
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    +image: null
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    +body: """
      Your options are reduced to the following:\n
      \n
      ### **Flatpak**\n
      \n
      Linux only package manager that works across distros. It supports sandboxing via bubblewrap, but be cautious because by default most programs in Flathub are not as sandboxed as they should. You can host your own repository but it is heavily centralized towards Flathub, controlled by Red Hat, IBM.\n
      \n
      > Flatpak uses OSTree to distribute and deploy data. The repositories it uses are OSTree repositories and can be manipulated with the ostree utility. Installed runtimes and applications are OSTree checkouts.\n
      \n
      ### **AppImage**\n
      \n
      You’re basically packaging your program and every single dependency up to the C library. Linux only.\n
      \n
      > An AppImage is basically a self-mounting disk image that contains an application and everything the application needs to run on the target systems\n
      \n
      [source](https://github.com/AppImage/AppImageKit/wiki/Similar-projects) (incredibly biased towards AppImage)\n
      \n
      ### **Snap**\n
      \n
      Canonical’s take at flatpaks. They are quite similar, but snaps use AppArmor instead of bubblewrap and the server is proprietary, so an inferior option and should be avoided. The only “advantage” is that it’s used by default in Ubuntu.\n
      \n
      ### **Nix/Guix**\n
      \n
      multi distro package manager with reproducible builds support, more akin to a traditional package manager (eg apt)\n
      \n
      > Snappy and Flatpak talk about how they make library versions work better together and blabla and how they solve a lot of issues but that’s just a praetext, the real elephant in the room is that they are a big wink to proprietary software, they were designed for that, they just can’t say it so they focus on other things in their PR statements.\n
      \n
      > How Nix and Guix work is that they are traditional “package managers” as such the user or the distributor must have access to the source code to compile it into a package, the interesting difference is that it is capable of keeping library versions apart and will automatically share libraries if they are exactly the same. But packaging still occurs downstream, not upstream.\n
      \n
      > Snappy and Flatpak allow packaging to occur completely upstream at the developers side, which means they no longer have to cough up source code to whomever who will package. Which leads to an inferior solution to the user with far higher memory and storage consumption.\n
      \n
      [source](https://www.reddit.com/r/linux/comments/4ohvur/nix_vs_snap_vs_flatpak_what_are_the_differences/)\n
      \n
      ### **Pkgsrc**\n
      \n
      this one is something in between Nix and traditional package managers. It’s main advantage is that it works in other UNIX-like OSs, like FreeBSD, NetBSD, IllumOS as well as in Linux. The only not Linux specific option in this list (other than docker, which is not a package manager but a container)\n
      \n
      ### **Docker**\n
      \n
      I wouldn’t recommend this one, since it requires packaging a whole OS that creates a lot of overhead. And it can be tricky to use with GUI programs.\n
      \n
      Overall, I think that Nix/Guix present the most advantages, with Pkgsrc being a less known close second and Flatpak being in the third position due to it’s relative popularity and overall advantages over snaps and docker. Docker might be decent option if it’s a program designed for servers, tho.\n
      \n
      I’d also recommend that you add your program to the AUR, because even if it only works on Arch and Arch based distros, it’s incredibly easy to do and maintain as long as the building of your program doesn’t change drastically between versions.\n
      \n
      Edit: formatting
      """
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  +body: "Flatpak for sure because AppImages are slow to launch and Snap is Canonical garbage with tons of overhead."
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      +title: "linux"
      +description: """
        From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia\n
        \n
        Linux is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991 by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged in a Linux distribution (or distro for short).\n
        \n
        Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word “Linux” in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU/Linux to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy.\n
        \n
        ### Rules\n
        \n
        - Posts must be relevant to operating systems running the Linux kernel. GNU/Linux or otherwise.\n
        - No misinformation\n
        - No NSFW content\n
        - No hate speech, bigotry, etc\n
        \n
        ### Related Communities\n
        \n
        - [!opensource@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/opensource)\n
        - [!libre_culture@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_culture)\n
        - [!technology@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/technology)\n
        - [!libre_hardware@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_hardware)\n
        \n
        Community icon by [Alpár-Etele Méder](https://www.iconfinder.com/pocike), licensed under [CC BY 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
        """
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    +slug: "How-to-package-software-for-many-distributions-in-their-native"
    +title: "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"
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    +body: """
      What solutions out there can package software in the *native* package format? I only found [fpm (effing package management)](https://fpm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) and [OBS (Open Build Service)](https://openbuildservice.org/) so far.\n
      \n
      Edit history:\n
      \n
      - 2023-11-02: Change title from “How to package software for many distributions?” to "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"\n
      - 2023-11-02: Highlight the word native.
      """
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    +body: """
      Your options are reduced to the following:\n
      \n
      ### **Flatpak**\n
      \n
      Linux only package manager that works across distros. It supports sandboxing via bubblewrap, but be cautious because by default most programs in Flathub are not as sandboxed as they should. You can host your own repository but it is heavily centralized towards Flathub, controlled by Red Hat, IBM.\n
      \n
      > Flatpak uses OSTree to distribute and deploy data. The repositories it uses are OSTree repositories and can be manipulated with the ostree utility. Installed runtimes and applications are OSTree checkouts.\n
      \n
      ### **AppImage**\n
      \n
      You’re basically packaging your program and every single dependency up to the C library. Linux only.\n
      \n
      > An AppImage is basically a self-mounting disk image that contains an application and everything the application needs to run on the target systems\n
      \n
      [source](https://github.com/AppImage/AppImageKit/wiki/Similar-projects) (incredibly biased towards AppImage)\n
      \n
      ### **Snap**\n
      \n
      Canonical’s take at flatpaks. They are quite similar, but snaps use AppArmor instead of bubblewrap and the server is proprietary, so an inferior option and should be avoided. The only “advantage” is that it’s used by default in Ubuntu.\n
      \n
      ### **Nix/Guix**\n
      \n
      multi distro package manager with reproducible builds support, more akin to a traditional package manager (eg apt)\n
      \n
      > Snappy and Flatpak talk about how they make library versions work better together and blabla and how they solve a lot of issues but that’s just a praetext, the real elephant in the room is that they are a big wink to proprietary software, they were designed for that, they just can’t say it so they focus on other things in their PR statements.\n
      \n
      > How Nix and Guix work is that they are traditional “package managers” as such the user or the distributor must have access to the source code to compile it into a package, the interesting difference is that it is capable of keeping library versions apart and will automatically share libraries if they are exactly the same. But packaging still occurs downstream, not upstream.\n
      \n
      > Snappy and Flatpak allow packaging to occur completely upstream at the developers side, which means they no longer have to cough up source code to whomever who will package. Which leads to an inferior solution to the user with far higher memory and storage consumption.\n
      \n
      [source](https://www.reddit.com/r/linux/comments/4ohvur/nix_vs_snap_vs_flatpak_what_are_the_differences/)\n
      \n
      ### **Pkgsrc**\n
      \n
      this one is something in between Nix and traditional package managers. It’s main advantage is that it works in other UNIX-like OSs, like FreeBSD, NetBSD, IllumOS as well as in Linux. The only not Linux specific option in this list (other than docker, which is not a package manager but a container)\n
      \n
      ### **Docker**\n
      \n
      I wouldn’t recommend this one, since it requires packaging a whole OS that creates a lot of overhead. And it can be tricky to use with GUI programs.\n
      \n
      Overall, I think that Nix/Guix present the most advantages, with Pkgsrc being a less known close second and Flatpak being in the third position due to it’s relative popularity and overall advantages over snaps and docker. Docker might be decent option if it’s a program designed for servers, tho.\n
      \n
      I’d also recommend that you add your program to the AUR, because even if it only works on Arch and Arch based distros, it’s incredibly easy to do and maintain as long as the building of your program doesn’t change drastically between versions.\n
      \n
      Edit: formatting
      """
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  +root: App\Entity\EntryComment {#4391}
  +body: "Nix allows you to download a binary of a proprietary package because every input is hashed. You may need to patch it to work with the correct paths, but these tools already exist."
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        \n
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        \n
        Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word “Linux” in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU/Linux to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy.\n
        \n
        ### Rules\n
        \n
        - Posts must be relevant to operating systems running the Linux kernel. GNU/Linux or otherwise.\n
        - No misinformation\n
        - No NSFW content\n
        - No hate speech, bigotry, etc\n
        \n
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        \n
        - [!opensource@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/opensource)\n
        - [!libre_culture@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_culture)\n
        - [!technology@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/technology)\n
        - [!libre_hardware@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_hardware)\n
        \n
        Community icon by [Alpár-Etele Méder](https://www.iconfinder.com/pocike), licensed under [CC BY 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
        """
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      What solutions out there can package software in the *native* package format? I only found [fpm (effing package management)](https://fpm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) and [OBS (Open Build Service)](https://openbuildservice.org/) so far.\n
      \n
      Edit history:\n
      \n
      - 2023-11-02: Change title from “How to package software for many distributions?” to "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"\n
      - 2023-11-02: Highlight the word native.
      """
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    +magazine: App\Entity\Magazine {#265}
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    +body: """
      Your options are reduced to the following:\n
      \n
      ### **Flatpak**\n
      \n
      Linux only package manager that works across distros. It supports sandboxing via bubblewrap, but be cautious because by default most programs in Flathub are not as sandboxed as they should. You can host your own repository but it is heavily centralized towards Flathub, controlled by Red Hat, IBM.\n
      \n
      > Flatpak uses OSTree to distribute and deploy data. The repositories it uses are OSTree repositories and can be manipulated with the ostree utility. Installed runtimes and applications are OSTree checkouts.\n
      \n
      ### **AppImage**\n
      \n
      You’re basically packaging your program and every single dependency up to the C library. Linux only.\n
      \n
      > An AppImage is basically a self-mounting disk image that contains an application and everything the application needs to run on the target systems\n
      \n
      [source](https://github.com/AppImage/AppImageKit/wiki/Similar-projects) (incredibly biased towards AppImage)\n
      \n
      ### **Snap**\n
      \n
      Canonical’s take at flatpaks. They are quite similar, but snaps use AppArmor instead of bubblewrap and the server is proprietary, so an inferior option and should be avoided. The only “advantage” is that it’s used by default in Ubuntu.\n
      \n
      ### **Nix/Guix**\n
      \n
      multi distro package manager with reproducible builds support, more akin to a traditional package manager (eg apt)\n
      \n
      > Snappy and Flatpak talk about how they make library versions work better together and blabla and how they solve a lot of issues but that’s just a praetext, the real elephant in the room is that they are a big wink to proprietary software, they were designed for that, they just can’t say it so they focus on other things in their PR statements.\n
      \n
      > How Nix and Guix work is that they are traditional “package managers” as such the user or the distributor must have access to the source code to compile it into a package, the interesting difference is that it is capable of keeping library versions apart and will automatically share libraries if they are exactly the same. But packaging still occurs downstream, not upstream.\n
      \n
      > Snappy and Flatpak allow packaging to occur completely upstream at the developers side, which means they no longer have to cough up source code to whomever who will package. Which leads to an inferior solution to the user with far higher memory and storage consumption.\n
      \n
      [source](https://www.reddit.com/r/linux/comments/4ohvur/nix_vs_snap_vs_flatpak_what_are_the_differences/)\n
      \n
      ### **Pkgsrc**\n
      \n
      this one is something in between Nix and traditional package managers. It’s main advantage is that it works in other UNIX-like OSs, like FreeBSD, NetBSD, IllumOS as well as in Linux. The only not Linux specific option in this list (other than docker, which is not a package manager but a container)\n
      \n
      ### **Docker**\n
      \n
      I wouldn’t recommend this one, since it requires packaging a whole OS that creates a lot of overhead. And it can be tricky to use with GUI programs.\n
      \n
      Overall, I think that Nix/Guix present the most advantages, with Pkgsrc being a less known close second and Flatpak being in the third position due to it’s relative popularity and overall advantages over snaps and docker. Docker might be decent option if it’s a program designed for servers, tho.\n
      \n
      I’d also recommend that you add your program to the AUR, because even if it only works on Arch and Arch based distros, it’s incredibly easy to do and maintain as long as the building of your program doesn’t change drastically between versions.\n
      \n
      Edit: formatting
      """
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  +body: "Nix allows you to download a binary of a proprietary package because every input is hashed. You may need to patch it to work with the correct paths, but these tools already exist."
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        From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia\n
        \n
        Linux is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991 by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged in a Linux distribution (or distro for short).\n
        \n
        Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word “Linux” in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU/Linux to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy.\n
        \n
        ### Rules\n
        \n
        - Posts must be relevant to operating systems running the Linux kernel. GNU/Linux or otherwise.\n
        - No misinformation\n
        - No NSFW content\n
        - No hate speech, bigotry, etc\n
        \n
        ### Related Communities\n
        \n
        - [!opensource@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/opensource)\n
        - [!libre_culture@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_culture)\n
        - [!technology@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/technology)\n
        - [!libre_hardware@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_hardware)\n
        \n
        Community icon by [Alpár-Etele Méder](https://www.iconfinder.com/pocike), licensed under [CC BY 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
        """
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    +url: null
    +body: """
      What solutions out there can package software in the *native* package format? I only found [fpm (effing package management)](https://fpm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) and [OBS (Open Build Service)](https://openbuildservice.org/) so far.\n
      \n
      Edit history:\n
      \n
      - 2023-11-02: Change title from “How to package software for many distributions?” to "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"\n
      - 2023-11-02: Highlight the word native.
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      Your options are reduced to the following:\n
      \n
      ### **Flatpak**\n
      \n
      Linux only package manager that works across distros. It supports sandboxing via bubblewrap, but be cautious because by default most programs in Flathub are not as sandboxed as they should. You can host your own repository but it is heavily centralized towards Flathub, controlled by Red Hat, IBM.\n
      \n
      > Flatpak uses OSTree to distribute and deploy data. The repositories it uses are OSTree repositories and can be manipulated with the ostree utility. Installed runtimes and applications are OSTree checkouts.\n
      \n
      ### **AppImage**\n
      \n
      You’re basically packaging your program and every single dependency up to the C library. Linux only.\n
      \n
      > An AppImage is basically a self-mounting disk image that contains an application and everything the application needs to run on the target systems\n
      \n
      [source](https://github.com/AppImage/AppImageKit/wiki/Similar-projects) (incredibly biased towards AppImage)\n
      \n
      ### **Snap**\n
      \n
      Canonical’s take at flatpaks. They are quite similar, but snaps use AppArmor instead of bubblewrap and the server is proprietary, so an inferior option and should be avoided. The only “advantage” is that it’s used by default in Ubuntu.\n
      \n
      ### **Nix/Guix**\n
      \n
      multi distro package manager with reproducible builds support, more akin to a traditional package manager (eg apt)\n
      \n
      > Snappy and Flatpak talk about how they make library versions work better together and blabla and how they solve a lot of issues but that’s just a praetext, the real elephant in the room is that they are a big wink to proprietary software, they were designed for that, they just can’t say it so they focus on other things in their PR statements.\n
      \n
      > How Nix and Guix work is that they are traditional “package managers” as such the user or the distributor must have access to the source code to compile it into a package, the interesting difference is that it is capable of keeping library versions apart and will automatically share libraries if they are exactly the same. But packaging still occurs downstream, not upstream.\n
      \n
      > Snappy and Flatpak allow packaging to occur completely upstream at the developers side, which means they no longer have to cough up source code to whomever who will package. Which leads to an inferior solution to the user with far higher memory and storage consumption.\n
      \n
      [source](https://www.reddit.com/r/linux/comments/4ohvur/nix_vs_snap_vs_flatpak_what_are_the_differences/)\n
      \n
      ### **Pkgsrc**\n
      \n
      this one is something in between Nix and traditional package managers. It’s main advantage is that it works in other UNIX-like OSs, like FreeBSD, NetBSD, IllumOS as well as in Linux. The only not Linux specific option in this list (other than docker, which is not a package manager but a container)\n
      \n
      ### **Docker**\n
      \n
      I wouldn’t recommend this one, since it requires packaging a whole OS that creates a lot of overhead. And it can be tricky to use with GUI programs.\n
      \n
      Overall, I think that Nix/Guix present the most advantages, with Pkgsrc being a less known close second and Flatpak being in the third position due to it’s relative popularity and overall advantages over snaps and docker. Docker might be decent option if it’s a program designed for servers, tho.\n
      \n
      I’d also recommend that you add your program to the AUR, because even if it only works on Arch and Arch based distros, it’s incredibly easy to do and maintain as long as the building of your program doesn’t change drastically between versions.\n
      \n
      Edit: formatting
      """
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      \n
      Edit history:\n
      \n
      - 2023-11-02: Change title from “How to package software for many distributions?” to "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"\n
      - 2023-11-02: Highlight the word native.
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      \n
      Edit history:\n
      \n
      - 2023-11-02: Change title from “How to package software for many distributions?” to "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"\n
      - 2023-11-02: Highlight the word native.
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        - [!libre_culture@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_culture)\n
        - [!technology@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/technology)\n
        - [!libre_hardware@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_hardware)\n
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      What solutions out there can package software in the *native* package format? I only found [fpm (effing package management)](https://fpm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) and [OBS (Open Build Service)](https://openbuildservice.org/) so far.\n
      \n
      Edit history:\n
      \n
      - 2023-11-02: Change title from “How to package software for many distributions?” to "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"\n
      - 2023-11-02: Highlight the word native.
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        \n
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        - No misinformation\n
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        - [!libre_culture@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_culture)\n
        - [!technology@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/technology)\n
        - [!libre_hardware@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_hardware)\n
        \n
        Community icon by [Alpár-Etele Méder](https://www.iconfinder.com/pocike), licensed under [CC BY 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
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      What solutions out there can package software in the *native* package format? I only found [fpm (effing package management)](https://fpm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) and [OBS (Open Build Service)](https://openbuildservice.org/) so far.\n
      \n
      Edit history:\n
      \n
      - 2023-11-02: Change title from “How to package software for many distributions?” to "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"\n
      - 2023-11-02: Highlight the word native.
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    no, not at all.\n
    \n
    electron is a framework, and a shitty one if I might say so, it’s cross platform but it’s not a way to package for multiple distros. You still need to package the electron program in either the native package manager (apt, pacman, etc) or a distro-agnostic one (flatpak, appimage, snap).
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        \n
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        \n
        - Posts must be relevant to operating systems running the Linux kernel. GNU/Linux or otherwise.\n
        - No misinformation\n
        - No NSFW content\n
        - No hate speech, bigotry, etc\n
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        \n
        - [!opensource@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/opensource)\n
        - [!libre_culture@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_culture)\n
        - [!technology@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/technology)\n
        - [!libre_hardware@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_hardware)\n
        \n
        Community icon by [Alpár-Etele Méder](https://www.iconfinder.com/pocike), licensed under [CC BY 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
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      What solutions out there can package software in the *native* package format? I only found [fpm (effing package management)](https://fpm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) and [OBS (Open Build Service)](https://openbuildservice.org/) so far.\n
      \n
      Edit history:\n
      \n
      - 2023-11-02: Change title from “How to package software for many distributions?” to "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"\n
      - 2023-11-02: Highlight the word native.
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    \n
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        \n
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        - No misinformation\n
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        \n
        - [!opensource@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/opensource)\n
        - [!libre_culture@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_culture)\n
        - [!technology@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/technology)\n
        - [!libre_hardware@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_hardware)\n
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        Community icon by [Alpár-Etele Méder](https://www.iconfinder.com/pocike), licensed under [CC BY 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
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      What solutions out there can package software in the *native* package format? I only found [fpm (effing package management)](https://fpm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) and [OBS (Open Build Service)](https://openbuildservice.org/) so far.\n
      \n
      Edit history:\n
      \n
      - 2023-11-02: Change title from “How to package software for many distributions?” to "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"\n
      - 2023-11-02: Highlight the word native.
      """
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    no, not at all.\n
    \n
    electron is a framework, and a shitty one if I might say so, it’s cross platform but it’s not a way to package for multiple distros. You still need to package the electron program in either the native package manager (apt, pacman, etc) or a distro-agnostic one (flatpak, appimage, snap).
    """
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        - No misinformation\n
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        - [!opensource@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/opensource)\n
        - [!libre_culture@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_culture)\n
        - [!technology@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/technology)\n
        - [!libre_hardware@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_hardware)\n
        \n
        Community icon by [Alpár-Etele Méder](https://www.iconfinder.com/pocike), licensed under [CC BY 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
        """
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      What solutions out there can package software in the *native* package format? I only found [fpm (effing package management)](https://fpm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) and [OBS (Open Build Service)](https://openbuildservice.org/) so far.\n
      \n
      Edit history:\n
      \n
      - 2023-11-02: Change title from “How to package software for many distributions?” to "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"\n
      - 2023-11-02: Highlight the word native.
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    but it is not an option. It’s not a tool for packaging programs.\n
    \n
    Building an electron program is no different than building it in GTK or QT in the sense that they are just the GUI toolkit and they do not do packaging.\n
    \n
    It’s a framework for programs to have their GUI wrapped inside a browser, so they are cross platform.\n
    \n
    But electron doesn’t create packages. You can package an electron program using Flatpak, snap, apt, AppImage, pacman, or whatever.
    """
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        - No misinformation\n
        - No NSFW content\n
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        \n
        - [!opensource@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/opensource)\n
        - [!libre_culture@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_culture)\n
        - [!technology@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/technology)\n
        - [!libre_hardware@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_hardware)\n
        \n
        Community icon by [Alpár-Etele Méder](https://www.iconfinder.com/pocike), licensed under [CC BY 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
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      What solutions out there can package software in the *native* package format? I only found [fpm (effing package management)](https://fpm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) and [OBS (Open Build Service)](https://openbuildservice.org/) so far.\n
      \n
      Edit history:\n
      \n
      - 2023-11-02: Change title from “How to package software for many distributions?” to "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"\n
      - 2023-11-02: Highlight the word native.
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    but it is not an option. It’s not a tool for packaging programs.\n
    \n
    Building an electron program is no different than building it in GTK or QT in the sense that they are just the GUI toolkit and they do not do packaging.\n
    \n
    It’s a framework for programs to have their GUI wrapped inside a browser, so they are cross platform.\n
    \n
    But electron doesn’t create packages. You can package an electron program using Flatpak, snap, apt, AppImage, pacman, or whatever.
    """
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"App\Security\Voter\UserVoter"
App\Entity\EntryComment {#4744
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  +entry: App\Entity\Entry {#2400
    +user: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\User {#1978 …}
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        From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia\n
        \n
        Linux is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991 by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged in a Linux distribution (or distro for short).\n
        \n
        Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word “Linux” in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU/Linux to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy.\n
        \n
        ### Rules\n
        \n
        - Posts must be relevant to operating systems running the Linux kernel. GNU/Linux or otherwise.\n
        - No misinformation\n
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        - No hate speech, bigotry, etc\n
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        \n
        - [!opensource@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/opensource)\n
        - [!libre_culture@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_culture)\n
        - [!technology@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/technology)\n
        - [!libre_hardware@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_hardware)\n
        \n
        Community icon by [Alpár-Etele Méder](https://www.iconfinder.com/pocike), licensed under [CC BY 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
        """
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    +image: null
    +domain: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Domain {#1889 …}
    +slug: "How-to-package-software-for-many-distributions-in-their-native"
    +title: "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"
    +url: null
    +body: """
      What solutions out there can package software in the *native* package format? I only found [fpm (effing package management)](https://fpm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) and [OBS (Open Build Service)](https://openbuildservice.org/) so far.\n
      \n
      Edit history:\n
      \n
      - 2023-11-02: Change title from “How to package software for many distributions?” to "How to package software for many distributions in their native package format?"\n
      - 2023-11-02: Highlight the word native.
      """
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    }
    +createdAt: DateTimeImmutable @1698949554 {#2402
      date: 2023-11-02 19:25:54.0 +01:00
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  }
  +magazine: App\Entity\Magazine {#265}
  +image: null
  +parent: App\Entity\EntryComment {#4688 …}
  +root: App\Entity\EntryComment {#4539 …}
  +body: """
    but it is not an option. It’s not a tool for packaging programs.\n
    \n
    Building an electron program is no different than building it in GTK or QT in the sense that they are just the GUI toolkit and they do not do packaging.\n
    \n
    It’s a framework for programs to have their GUI wrapped inside a browser, so they are cross platform.\n
    \n
    But electron doesn’t create packages. You can package an electron program using Flatpak, snap, apt, AppImage, pacman, or whatever.
    """
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}
"App\Security\Voter\UserVoter"
App\Entity\Magazine {#265
  +icon: Proxies\__CG__\App\Entity\Image {#246 …}
  +name: "linux@lemmy.ml"
  +title: "linux"
  +description: """
    From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia\n
    \n
    Linux is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991 by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged in a Linux distribution (or distro for short).\n
    \n
    Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word “Linux” in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU/Linux to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy.\n
    \n
    ### Rules\n
    \n
    - Posts must be relevant to operating systems running the Linux kernel. GNU/Linux or otherwise.\n
    - No misinformation\n
    - No NSFW content\n
    - No hate speech, bigotry, etc\n
    \n
    ### Related Communities\n
    \n
    - [!opensource@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/opensource)\n
    - [!libre_culture@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_culture)\n
    - [!technology@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/technology)\n
    - [!libre_hardware@lemmy.ml](https://lemmy.ml/c/libre_hardware)\n
    \n
    Community icon by [Alpár-Etele Méder](https://www.iconfinder.com/pocike), licensed under [CC BY 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
    """
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"App\Security\Voter\UserVoter"

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