You didn’t clarify you were running the Oracle release of Virtualbox 7.0. I am running Virtualbox 7.0 on Linux Mint 21.2 without issue, but my computer is too old for EFI. Those instructions are for the community release, which has the components of virtualbox split into separate packages.
I don’t have any good answers for you, but I would recommend you update your post to include the fact that you’re running Oracle’s packages, and the version of Linux Mint you’re using.