I think Borg Backup would fit your needs. You would still need to reinstall things like a boot sector and recreated partitions but on the other hand file based backups have the advantage that you can restore individual files when needed too and that it is easier to only backup what changed. Just make sure to exclude any temporary files you don’t want to keep from the backup (e.g. cache dirs, log files that get rewritten often and aren’t relevant long-term,…).