Spotify cannot tell if you record a song. So no, it won’t get you banned. But as others have said, OSes have built in piracy protection.
With that said, it’s a terrible way to pirate songs. You can find most anything on torrents. Grab yourself some nice flac rips and encode them to a nice AAC format. Spotify uses really shitty encodes, you’re not getting lossless through them.
If there’s a problem and someone with admin access looks at the account and sees 20 unique IPs, some of which were logged in at the same time as others, account sharing.
They are not going to ban you because you’re logged in on some remote machine.
It’s written to make it seem like the system monitors all this in real time but it’s not. Just use the account like any other you’ll be fine.