Thank you. Okay but what is it exactly? Is it salt? Is it calcium? Is it calcium salt? What is it? And what chemical reaction does it contribute to your beer brewing?
In chemistry, a Salt is just a molecule with a positive ion and a negative ion that results in a molecule with no charge. We call NaCl (sodium chloride) “salt” or “table salt” but really it’s just one kind of salt.
CaCl is also a salt, but it has a calcium ion instead of a sodium ion.
Salts tend to break into their ions in water, and might make the water more acidic or basic. Often, the additional ions will lower the freezing temperature. That’s why calcium chloride is popular for road salt.
Yep, it’s a salt. @themeatbridge explained it really well.
In brewing, it’s really important to have calcium in the mash, where you’re converting starches into sugars. It helps maintain an optimal pH and the enzymes that do the work need it as well. It’s also important for yeast health. Chloride accentuates malt flavour in beer. I’ll add more or less depending on the beer style; more for a stout, for example, and less for an IPA. I’ll add more gypsum (calcium sulfate) for more hoppy styles because sulfate imparts a dryness than accentuates hops.
Fun fact: You can’t store calcium chloride in powder form if you need precise amounts of it because it’ll absorb moisture from the air over time. The first time I used it, I mixed it with water in a glass bottle I was holding not realizing that it’s incredibly exothermic. It suddenly got blistering hot and was steaming like crazy. Burnt my hand and scared the shit out of me!
It’s called petrol and benzin elsewhere in the world. Gas/gasoline is just a name for automobile fuel.
Btw, on the periodic table at room temperature and typical atmospheric conditions, gases are “fumes”, sure, but all of the first 72 elements are gaseous at 5000°C.
Because “gas” is an informal and quicker way of saying gasoline that was adopted by the general public for convenience sake.
Language doesn’t exist to be technically correct, it exists to facilitate practical conversation. The more you look at it from this perspective the more things will start to make sense.
Huh yeah You made me interested enough to click on the Wikipedia article, and such drama behind it too apparently:
The term gasoline originated from the trademark terms Cazeline and Gazeline, which were stylized spellings and pronunciations of Cassell, the surname of British businessman John Cassell, who, on 27 November 1862, placed the following fuel-oil advertisement in The Times of London:
The Patent Cazeline Oil […]
That 19th-century advert is the earliest occurrence of Cassell’s trademark word, Cazelline, to identify automobile fuel. In the course of business, he learned that the Dublin shopkeeper Samuel Boyd was selling a counterfeit version of the fuel cazeline, and, in writing, Cassell asked Boyd to cease and desist selling fuel using his trademark. Boyd did not reply, and Cassell changed the spelling of the trademark name of his fuel cazelline by changing the initial letter C to the letter G, thus coining the word gazeline.
By 1863, North American English usage had re-spelled the word gazeline into the word gasolene, by 1864, the gasoline spelling was the common usage. In place of the word gasoline, most Commonwealth countries (except Canada), use the term “petrol”, and North Americans more often use “gas” in common parlance, hence the prevalence of the usage “gas bar” or “gas station” in Canada and the United States.
Coined from Medieval Latin, the word petroleum (L. petra, rock + oleum, oil) initially denoted types of mineral oil derived from rocks and stones. In Britain, Petrol was a refined mineral oil product marketed as a solvent from the 1870s by the British wholesaler Carless Refining and Marketing Ltd.
When Petrol found a later use as a motor fuel, Frederick Simms, an associate of Gottlieb Daimler, suggested to John Leonard, owner of Carless, that they trademark the word and uppercase spelling Petrol.
The trademark application was refused because petrol had already become an established general term for motor fuel. Due to the firm’s age, Carless retained the legal rights to the term and to the uppercase spelling of “Petrol” as the name of a petrochemical product.
No, not really. If there was some other goal besides the honest exchange of the hat for the money, then maybe. Fraud (“the hats made of gold and is therefore a great value!”) and price gouging (“it’s the only hat for sale on a sunny day so I’m selling it at a 1000x markup!”) might be crimes in some contexts. As mentioned, money laundering (avoiding tax or other legal requirements to move money) is also a crime.
I don’t think there’s any Federal laws against it, but the closest I can think of is that in many states there’s laws against price gouging in some situations (after a state of emergency has been declared, may only apply to certain essential goods/services), here’s a FAQ on California’s anti-price gouging laws:
In certain circumstances you’re not even allowed to sell things for more if someone OFFERS it! For example, if you have pallets and pallets of bottled water, and a hurricane just tore through, all of a sudden your water is much more valuable. You could conceivably sell it all for 10 or 20 times the price.
But that’s called price gouging, it’s illegal, and it’s something that only total potatoes do. It’s also something that might get you hurt later, once things settle down and people remember that you were trying to charge them $20 for a bottle of water when there was a boil water order on.
In addition to what others have posted, as long as you’re honest about it just being a hat and not making any special claims about it (like it was owned or worn by a famous person), I think you’re good.
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