Just finished season 2 of The Lazarus Project. Great series and plenty of time crossings to keep you thinking about the character journeys (who’s where and when!).
According to my college physics 101 professor, a curved sail is generally superior in all situations. There are sails made out of rigid materials, and they generally are curved, even though they could be flat. Everybody who sails knows that you can adjust the slack in your sail, and that sometimes a tighter sail is better, for example when tacking. You can tell this just from the feel.
Now, then, it’s been a LONG time since my physics 101 class, but the explanation was something like this: Although this is an oversimplification, you can imagine that a sail works when air particles bounce off of it. The momentum imparted to the sail depends not only on the direction that the wind is coming from, but also the direction that it ends up going when it bounces off the sail. A curved sail helps redirect the wind away from the sail in exactly the direction that the sail is pointing, which is better at pushing the vehicle in the correct direction.
Another way to look at this is if it is a pure matter of air pressure. A curved surface will be better at creating air pressure inside the curve. It’s like if you’re driving and you hold something out the window. When you hold a rigid board out of the window, it will be hard to hold in place, but the air pressure won’t build up behind it as much as a sack, for example. If you hold a sack out the window, it will probably just be ripped out of your hands.
A lot depends on the angle you are heading relative to the wind and how strong and variable the wind is and how easily you want to be able to steer or hold your course.
The simplest case that I think you might be wrong is going down wind, especially in light air, you want the sail to catch the wind like a bag and direct it toward a central point to add all the vague forces into one direction instead of just twisting the sail one way or another. Like I didn’t think you actually want the wind hitting the outer edges of the sail straight on as this would just move the sail, not the boat.
Stiff, even hard not cloth sails are useful to go into the wind at a slight angle, where they are optimized in shape like an airplane wing, and they even talk of the force generated as lift.
Can’t believe nobody has mentioned “Needle in a Time stack” (2021).
Oh wait. Yes I can.
But seriously though, I’ll throw a real answer out there. It’s not my favorite by a long stretch, but it’s worth a watch IMO: Paradox (2016). The writing is bad, the acting is bad, and the special effects are literally laughable, but the story and concept are actually fairly fresh and interesting. Good if you’re in the mood for a semi-thought-provoking B-movie.
I’m thinking if the sail was flat and taught the air would push around the sail and you would lose a lot of energy through resistance or like wind moving laterally. Whereas the traditional sail kinda cups and holds the wind force and creates more pushing force towards the center rather than the edges.
Cause airflow is like fluid dynamics right? Imagine spraying a hose at a wall vs a sheet hanging from four corners.
But I’m high and kinda drunk so who TF even knows.
Well, both other countries have universal health care although usa has death mass shootings, Canada apparently has death panels and Mexico has death cartel violence? Also Mexico seems to be allowing migrants to wait at their border to apply for asylum because everyone knows that the usa caused most problems with refugees and asylum seekers here.
Wood working. Whittling. You can buy very expensive tools or you can go old school and pick up used 100 year old ones for nothing or even make your own. You can buy wood or you can salvage it.
I agree tremendously. Additionally Japanese woodworking is pretty much devoid of commercialization entirely. Tools tend to be judged by their undeniable quality and the reputation of the blacksmith who forged it.
Additionally to avoid commercialization in western wood working (aside from buying vintage) is making a lot of your own tools. One of the most important rules in wood working is to buy tools that allow you to make more tools. So go ahead and buy some chisel blanks and make some handles, buy a vice screw and build your own leg vice (coincidentally the leg vice is almost extinct today due to commercialization of the cast iron vice, despite performing worse than the leg vice). Build your own bench, clamps (use some hardware kits) and if you have some guts you can cut your very own wooden planes and fit an aftermarket blade.
It’s a lot of work but it’s very rewarding and there is a tremendous amount of pride when using tools you make/restore yourself.
I wasn’t in Hawai’i when that happened but I knew and worked remotely with a bunch of people who were and what blew my mind was that everyone just went back to their day after that.
I mean, fucking hell. I would need a hot minute to recover from coming to terms with my imminent death and the death of everyone I knew and loved who lived on Hawai’i. I feel like that would be traumatizing af.
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