“I’ve been considering installing Arch the traditional way, on my X220, as a way to force myself to improve.”
I use Arch and so does my wife (she has no idea). The wiki is legendary because it is well used (I’ve written a few bits myself). I’ve used Gentoo for quite a while too but you will find compilation times a bit of a bore.
I own an IT company - I am the MD. I use Arch actually! (and so does my wife)
I saw a Libreoffice community but wasn’t very active… so I thought here I could find users of the software and experts on the possible technical issue. Hope this doesn’t bother too much.
Alternatively, you can use you phone to USB-tether? Or if you’re on NixOS or Guix, where binaries stop working, you can build a custom ISO image with the necessarily tools already available.
Just make sure you back up any important data before wiping your own hard drive. And yeah, Steam handles a lot of the weirdness of running windows only games pretty well automatically.
On C I only have my windows OS , data is on D. I think that should be enough precaution? If course I backed up everything but I don’t plan on backup everything again. Or do you think it could “leech”?
@OmnipotentEntity makes a good point. Most (and definitely older) laptops have 1 drive. Which would mean your C and D ‘drives’ are actually 2 partitions on 1 physical hard drive. This is fine, but you need to be extra cautious when installing Linux. Many linux installers push you to the easiest choice and select ‘wipe whole disk and install linux’, which in your case would possibly lead to inadvertently wiping the D partition too.
You might want to pay extra attention to this during the installation, when selecting which disk to use for installation. Make sure you only let the installer delete the C partition (which will probably not be named as such, so be ready to find another way to identify the correct partition (maybe by its size?)), and let the installer use the free space that gives to create linux partitions it needs there (next to the D partition).
NB: Still in Windows, you may also want to check whether or not your D drive is encrypted with Bitlocker, as that is a Windows-type encryption and cant be unlocked without a recovery key (aside from it not being practical to use Bitlocker encryption in combination with linux (or NTFS for that sake, as OmnipotentEntity also already mentioned)). If so, you might want to decrypt the D partition so you can still access it from Linux (while it is of course better to have encryption enabled, it may be a temporary convenience).
Edit: Solid choice of Linux Mint btw. It’s been a while since I’ve used it, but in my memory (also as a starting Linux user) it made the right things easy. If your laptop is quite old, and Cinnamon (also solid) doesn’t feel quite snappy enough, you could give XFCE a try. It’s less polished (some say ugly 😆) out-of-the-box, but also less resource hungry (Cinnamon and XFCE are both Desktop Environments (DE’s). On Linux you can have multiple DE’s installed side-by-side; and then make a choice which DE you want to use when you login)
If “D” is physically on the same hard drive, then you’ll probably want to back it up before installing. Technically, you can manage to do it without screwing everything up, but I would not trust myself to. It’s always a good idea to have backups anyway.
Also, user files typically reside on C by default and it takes some effort to put them on a different drive. Things like Downloads, Documents, Pictures, etc. so it’s worth checking that before wiping as well.
Additionally, you’ll probably want to format your “D” drive to a Linux native filesystem (eventually, after you back it up, because formatting results in data loss). While Linux does support NTFS quite well, it’s not perfect, and your data would probably be safer on ext4 or f2fs (depending on if you have HDDs or SSDs) (or zfs or btrfs is you’re into COW filesystems).
In Linux, you have all of your files mounted to a single “drive” called /. Everything is below /, which is called the “root” of your filesystem.
Typically, user data is stored in “/home” and this resides in the same directory structure as the rest of your OS, but on most systems it’s on a different filesystem or even on a different drive entirely. This is because in Linux it is routine to put a “D” drive just in a folder. On my computer, I have several of these mount points defined, so the different types of data don’t get mixed around, and I don’t have to worry about downloading too much bullshit affecting my computer’s updates.
Why would you want to rely 100% on the taste of other people?
If you like GNOME, you may try Fedora Silverblue which has vanilla GNOME and little apps, all others are installed as Flatpaks.
But relying on preinstalled snaps for whatever reason doesnt make much sense. Default Desktop settings are a different thing, and I am happy you found the solution.
This is controversial but will I be able to map right click to erase or another tool/brush preset/color? It just feels wrong to keep switchimg with N and Shift+E while making pixel art.
I use my laptop for work all day every (week)day. It runs EndeavourOS and I haven’t had any problems - if anything I’ve encountered fewer annoyances than with any other distro I’ve tried to date (Pop, Fedora, Mint, OpenSUSE, Debian). I don’t use Btrfs but I do use Timeshift as well as Syncthing to back up files to a file server at home.
I haven’t felt the desire to install Arch, and TBH I’m not sure what the benefit might be because I’d just configure it to be basically the same as EOS anyway.
I don’t agree with avoiding stable distros. In the case of Debian for example stable gets priority on security patches. Just subscribe to the security mailing list and have auto updates on.
Also download any disto or bleeding edge container and scan it and you’ll have vulnerabilities in some library. The ecosystem is always moving. The question is how exposed are you.
Use a firewall, secure your browser and whitelist sites you trust to run JS. Stick to repos. Scan downloaded files via virus total or open In a vm. Dont install what you dont need.
You are far more likely to get compromised in a site breach than to get hacked. The browser is the main attack vector that you need to secure.
Also dont run servers if you dont know what you are doing. Use a non networked VM to practice.
Dont blindly paste commands and be sure to read the source before you compile and run some random program.
Don't bother "securing" directories like that. The meaningful permission bit is the write permission on the directory holding the file. cat ~/.bashrc > ~/.bashrc.new; put-malware-in ~/.bashrc.new; rm -f ~/.bashrc; mv ~/.bashrc.new ~/.bashrc or the like will still work if you have write permissions to /home/username at all. Marking the file immutable with chattr +i as root might be slightly more effective, but realistically still not enough in a lot of cases as the parent directory can still be renamed. Not to mention you've only found some of the low-hanging fruit; your text editor most likely also has a few ways to accomplish arbitrary code execution in its config/scripting/plugin files but it absolutely doesn't stop there.
Don't bother buying old systems because they can have free firmware. Ever since Spectre, CPU vulnerabilities have made old machines completely unsuitable for high-security purposes time and time again. Not all mitigations are equally effective and with mitigations on, performance takes a massive hit on those 10 year old machines. If you can get a reasonably new system with free firmware, that's good, though.
Thats important… are you sure you can delete files without write permission? Couldnt this be avoided? Because if you cant delete or write to a file, it is basically immutable right?
Chown sudo is still missing so currently its useless. But how do you do that without a root account?
Avoid Ubuntu and Manjaro: despite being marketed as “beginner friendly distros”, and despite often running perfectly fine, these two have major issues in management, packaging policies or philosophy that might make your life as a beginner difficult.
That makes no sense. Manjaro is actually one of the few distros where a beginner won’t need to touch the terminal ever. You won’t have to deal with adding PPAs or removing snaps like in several debian/ubuntu based distros.
A friend of mine got his son to use Linux by just not providing an alternative, he installed Debian edu (don’t know if that’s the name, but basically a Debian spin for kids with parental restrictions and stuff) on an old laptop for him and that’s what he used. Once he got his own PC it was over though since he wanted to play Fortnite so bad that he bought windows for that. He still dual boots Fedora, but I don’t think he has used it since the windows partition is there.
I think the thing is you can’t really get kids (or people in general for that matter) into Linux the way you are probably into it and interested in it. At least not if they’re not already interested in it on their own. They will learn how to use it sure, but not the way we’re used to using Linux, understanding the intricacies of the system, keeping the system safe,… They’ll probably find a way to do what they already do on windows and ignore that the OS is different.
IMO, his aproach was too strict, that’s why it failed and just caused repulsion towards Linux. There are other ways you can “make” children like things.
I don’t think this was too strict, maybe I made it sound that way, but it was not like he forbid him using windows, it was just that he’s using Linux, his son got his old laptop that was running Linux and they didn’t have a windows license, so his son was running Linux as well. He’s also doing fine on Linux and doesn’t dislike it or anything, the only “problem” was that he wanted to play Fortnite which does not work on Linux. He’s also getting along fine with Linux, especially on fedora where he doesn’t need the Terminal.
What I wanted to say with that comment is that you can’t make your kids to learn and use Linux like most of us probably do. For most people an operating system is still just some black magic on their computer that makes the browser or their games run, they don’t care how it works or if it is secure or using the latest software. Most people just don’t know and don’t care what an OS even is and the same thing goes for kids imo
Oh, that’s different then… I thought his dad was like “run Debian, or you’re grounded”, lol 😂.
I agree on the last part, that is most definitely true. You can try, but you can’t force it 🤷. After all, his/hers gifts may lay in another field, not tech 😉.
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