I don’t think any distro supports the X1 Carbon better than Fedora. My previous work machine was a 6th gen, and Fedora worked great on there, including power management and suspend. The only thing that didn’t work was the fingerprint reader, but that has been resolved in more recent models. Starting with the 8th gen, Lenovo sells them with Fedora pre-installed.Lenovo works directly with the Fedora project to ensure their hardware works correctly. As others have mentioned, the most likely problem is something misconfigured that is stopping you from suspending. You could try updating the firmware and possibly resetting it to the defaults (although check through each setting to make sure nothing is set to be Windows-specific). You might also try a fresh install of Fedora to see if it was an OS-level misconfiguration.
P.S. There is no such thing as Fedora 38.5. The project only has major versions, not minor versions.
If I’m going to have a lot of icons on the desktop, I’d want one of the visually uncomplicated ones (top right, bottom left). Otherwise, if it’s just for eye-candy and what I have to see everytime my windows are minimized, I’d either go for mid-left or bottom-right. I fall into the latter category, but y’all in the former may consider that when casting your vote
This. It needs to be visually uncomplicated so I can actually see what’s living on the desktop. Because of that, I prefer bottom right the most, though I generally like much darker backgrounds. Color shift that into something darker like an alien or night scene, and it’d be perfect for me.
I am not wild about any of them, but center left, bottom left are my least annoying. I’ll just change it to something else when i go to Plasma 6 (which I started testing, and while overall it looks great, and is pretty snappy, the Neon Testing is seriously unstable in other areas – but they warn you about that, so that’s on me).
Thanks for this! I’ve been meaning to start getting into learning more about systemd and making services, this is super detailed and gives me a pretty good starting point!
Did you happen to see which subdirectory was using up this much space? I don’t think I’ve ever seen .cache go above 10GB, so this may be a bug in a piece of software you use.
Looks like yay is storing every previous binary for AUR bin packages (also excuse the unreadable terminal theme, it doesn’t play very well with a lot of TUI apps unless they support custom theming)
You should run yay -Sc from time to time. This cleans a) your pacman cache (which is normally done by executing pacman -Sc) b) your AUR build cache, which is what’s taking up 160GB. But this one seems rather unusual, I use paru (which also has the command paru -Sc), so I can’t really tell if this is normal with yay.
The command also asks you for every directory if you want to delete it or not, so it’s completely save to run that command.
Something I noticed was that it was mostly the binary packages that were taking up so much space, it may be because of how yay stores the programs (does it use git?), the ones that were compiled from source code usually took up the least amount of space, while the binary programs were the ones taking up tens of gigabytes
Indeed, yay utilizes the AUR, which essentially serves as a Git repository for each package. These repositories typically include a PKGBUILD file and a .SRCINFO file, along with possible additional files like patches, desktop, or service files.
For example, take a look at IntelliJ Ultimate: [aur.archlinux.org/cgit/aur.git/tree/?h=intellij-i…]. It contains the .SRCINFO and PKGBUILD, as well as a .desktop file. These files themselves do not occupy much space.
The PKGBUILD specifies the sources for dependencies. For instance:
The PKGBUILD is essentially a Bash script with predefined functions and variables. You can learn more about it here: [wiki.archlinux.org/title/PKGBUILD].
This script primarily downloads and extracts the tar file. In this specific case, it only relocates the files to their intended installation locations, like moving the desktop file to /usr/share/applications.
With such packages, there’s a possibility of wasting significant space since the tar file is downloaded and possibly retained in the cache.
However, other packages, especially those compiled from source, usually involve Git clones. These clones bring the Git repository into a subdirectory of the already cloned AUR package Git repo. Some might also have source tarballs. These types of packages generally do not consume much space in the cache, as they are often just text files, like C source code or Python scripts. These packages frequently rely on external libraries and packages, which are not included in this package’s cache.
While binary packages often bundle all necessary libraries and other components in their source tarballs.
The AUR cache is mostly beneficial if you’re rebuilding the same version or can reuse components from a previous version. For example, a package might depend on a large, static file that doesn’t change often.
In Paru, I’ve enabled the “CleanAfter” option to prevent my cache from overflowing. Given my relatively fast internet speed, redownloading large files isn’t a major concern for me.
You could have a cronjob run something like find /home/user/.cache -type f -atime +30 -delete, which would find files that haven’t been accessed in the last 30 days and delete them. Make sure your home partition is not mounted with the noatime option though.
This particular folder caches many things from various package managers. Won’t hurt to clear, but will fill up again. Maybe consider not using caches when engaging such things.
Could have fooled me, because it’s certainly the default for things like brew, flatpak, mpm, and pip. Looks like npm and maven use it on certain Debian based distros as well. I’m betting more of the immutable distros use that directory as well vs something in /var/cache.
It’s a cache folder. Created by the distro. They labelled it as such because it’s cache, and can be considered ephemeral. It won’t do any permanent damage to anything unless you’ve accidentally been using it for something else.
I’ve seen similar issues in appdata on windows when a program is poorly configured and simply grow its logs to ridiculous sizes. It’s an issue with a program utilising that folder, not the os.
The hate you’re getting for this is so revealing and depressing. It basically proves you right.
To the haters: where is the factual problem with this personal opinion? Have you considered making a counter-argument instead, instead of simply lashing out with the downvote button like spoiled infants? This kind of tribal pile-on really pisses me off. You are literally censoring an opinion expressed in good faith - downvotes hide comments and reduce reputation. All while offering no rebuttal, no ideas of your own, nothing. Nice work.
It is what it is. I’ve been involved in Linux communities long enough to know not to take stuff like this personally.
On Reddit we saw constant posts about why Linux isn’t more popular but no one ever talks about all the dumb little issues that the distros have because of a slight lack of polish. Those little issues make the distros seem cheap compared to the polish of something like Windows.
I’m always amused at the replies I get with things like “When I had Windows it literally caused my CPU to burst in to flames and my SSD shot my dog. Now I’m running Arch and it showed me last night’s winning lotto numbers.”
And with your point here. In this world of pocket touchscreens and voice AIs, where young people don’t even know what a file is any more, the geeks here are reminding each other to empty their .cache directory from time to time. I mean, do they have no self-awareness? Or perhaps they simply don’t care if nobody chooses to use Linux. That at least would be coherent, but if there are no new users then eventually the whole thing will just die.
IMO I’d say the same thing about windows’s “Temp” folder though.
I agree that a lot of Linux isn’t user friendly but I’m also on a distro that is specifically supposed to be customized from the ground up (arch-based) using a tiling window manager which also involves configuring most things from the ground up. This isn’t a problem that most Linux users will likely have, but it is a problem that people may have if they are power users trying to have full control over their system (people who will be on a community about Linux). From what others in this thread have been saying, non-arch distros (and even arch with other aur helpers than yay) tend to have much smaller caches that get up to around 10Gb at most, which is also similar in size to what Windows’s temp directory uses.
This is a Linux community on a FOSS platform. This community is inherently going to be filled with more “geeky” people. Isn’t this what we signed up for? You make it seem like Linux was ever attracting people who weren’t these type of people to begin with. Computer science is still a growing field, and most sane computer science curriculums involve using POSIX terminal commands and by extension linux at some point. I’m a zoomer and can confirm, we’re not all as hopeless as you think we are. Linux will be fine even ignoring all of its corporate and government backing. And for people who don’t even know what a file is, they probably won’t know what Linux is in the first place. Even if they somehow have a system preconfigured with linux, their Ubuntu or Linux Mint install will probably be clearing the cache for them.
Some good points here, I stand partially corrected.
There are in fact 2 completely separate things that irk me. The biggest is the virtual lynching that is mass-downvoting. I’m sorry, I will never ever pardon the downvoting of opinions, I think it’s the illness of the social internet since the very beginning. See my many other recent comments for evidence of how strongly I feel about this.
The other issue is the actual one at hand! You’re right that this cache folder business does not really concern most ordinary users, even on Ubuntu. But actually, if even we geeks need to tell each other to “remember to do X every now and then”, I have enough of an IT mind to think “Why do we need to remember anything?! The tool should do this job for us!” These are “babysitting” chores and IMO on a decent OS there should be zero babysitting, it should be set up once and then it should work forever, with any tweaking optional.
Not a “hater” in terms of trying/wanting to be mean, but I do disagree. I think a lot of people downvoting are frustrated because this attitude takes an issue in one application (yay), for one distro, and says “this is why Linux sucks / can’t be used by normies”. Clearly that’s not true of this specific instance, especially given that yay is basically a developer tool. At best, “this is why yay sucks”. (yay is an AUR helper - a tool to help you compile and install software that’s completely unvetted - see the big red banner. Using the AUR is definitely one of those things that puts you well outside the realm of the “common person” already.)
Maybe the more charitable interpretation is “these kinds of issues are what common users face”, and that’s a better argument (setting aside the fact that this specific instance isn’t really part of that group). I think most people agree that there are stumbling blocks, and they want things to be easier for new users. But doom-y language like this, without concrete steps or ideas, doesn’t feel particularly helpful. And it can be frustrating – thus the downvotes.
Fair enough, tho personally I don’t see this “doom-y language” you see, I just see a slightly exasperated opinion expressed in good grammar and good faith.
But personally I don’t downvote people for their opinions, ever, as a matter of principle. It’s literally a form of censorship, given that it hides the comments. It leads straight to a deadening groupthink where dissenters are scared to open their virtual mouths. It creates a general aura of negativity and intolerance that helps nobody at all. Downvoting, as it is used by most people here and on the R-site, is an absolute scourge. If anything makes me leave this community, it will be this.
It ended up being yay storing binaries from previous versions of AUR packages, definitely depends on the distro/usage but for arch-based it definitely clears up a lot of storage
They do have small annoying issues. This is not one of them. This is something that would completely baffle a non-tech literate person. They’d just observe their computer becoming slow or not having space and say “well, Linux must have broken my computer.”
FYI, Windows doesn’t have any feature either to automatically clear all of it’s temp folders (%TMP%, C:\Windows\Temp, C:\Windows\Panther), plus several other folders where orphaned files are often leftover, such as C:\Windows\Installer, C:\Windows\CSC, and various folders and cache files in your AppData\Local etc, to name a few off the top of my head.
I used to be a Windows sysadmin for a long time, and let me tell you, HDDs becoming completely full due to cache/temp files is very much a problem in Windows.
If you’re talking about the Storage Sense feature - it sucks. It only clears a handful of well-known locations, but it doesn’t touch any of the orphaned content in C:\Windows\Installer, or the CSC or the old Panther folders from upgrades, not to mention several other files and folders in AppData. As I’ve said before, I’ve been a Windows sysadmin (until last year infact) managing over 20,000 devices, we’ve had Storage Sense on, but it’s been mostly useless - to the point that I ended up writing own cleanup script and set it to run before we pushed out a new Windows feature update, because otherwise we’d get several devices which failed to update due to the disk being full.
Guess what I found in /home/{user}/.wine/drive_c/users/{user}/Temp, 10GB of log files. Although 9GB was from one time when I used Cheat Engine and I don’t know what really happened tbh besides it causing a OOM crash.
It created a 9GB sized file called ADDRESSES.TMP, I never considered checking for temp files in .wine before. And I guess I should be checking all the prefixes created by Steam games as well…
I mean… I don’t think that’s common place. I’ve had the same Ubuntu install from 16.04 I think? All the way to 23.10 that I’ve migrated and upgraded from various laptops one to the other, and my ~/.cache folder is only 3.6gb out of a 1tb nvme drive.
I’ve never seen any of my ~/.cache directories get more than a few GB either and I never bother to clean them.
I am curious what OP was doing that used that much space though. That’s certainly not typical.
It was AUR packages from yay. I’m a CS major into gaming and emulation so there are a decent amount of programming build tools from the aur that I had, it looks like most of it is coming from storing all of the binaries from AUR packages, as intelliJ ultimate takes up 50 GiB, proton-ge-custom takes up 31 GiB, and Yuzu emulator takes up 16 GiB.
I get the same all the time. OP reminded me to check today and Jetbrains toolbox had cached a lot of downloads that took up 42 GB in total. yarn folder with 2.3 GB. bazel folder with 15 GB (apparently used for building Anki),7 GB paru clones.
Well, they're an Arch Linux user which is a special case. On Arch and derivatives it's the user's responsibility to manage the system so this doesn't happen, configure cleanup daemons, flush package managers, etc., alternatively it could also be a misbehaving application which would have to be reported. Arch is for hobbyists who likes to do this.
On other Linux distributions, Windows or macOS if this happens it's usually an application not properly managing its cache.
Pacman’s cache isn’t in ~/.cache though, it’s in /var/cache. So whatever is taking up this much space isn’t the package manager.
That being said, I think the arch devs should add a config option to automatically delete old packages without having to run paccache manually and have it default to the last 2 versions of a package or so. It can grow quite big over time.
it doesn’t matter if you use paru, yay or heck makepkg if you are compiling packages with hilariously large sources like for example webbrowser (librewolf, brave, ungoogled-chromium, firedragon take each like ~30 GB) without pruning the build cache afterwards
Something I noticed was that in this case it was mostly binary AUR programs taking up the space.
I think maybe since yay/AUR use cloned git repos, and old versions of binaries get stored in the git diff and then add up because different versions of the binary are basically like keeping multiple copies of it instead of just the changes to the source code.
My update script handles mirrors, updates and cleans the cache automatically. I’d definitely recommend creating one. It’s aliased to sysupdate for me and I also check if it’s a debian or arch based distro so the command works on my servers and desktop
I don’t think I’ve posted it before, but here it is. If you use different utilities you’d have to swap those out. Also excuse the comments, I had GH Copilot generate this script
I’ve heard of tools like that, but this works fine for me. This way I’m not dependent on it being packaged for my distro and having to install it through other means. I’m fine running things manually, this is just for convenience
You can use yay -Sc to clean the cache. It’ll also ask you if you want to clean the pacman cache, which I’m assuming you also haven’t cleaned (check the size of /var/cache/pacman).
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